Videoleitfaden aus dem Teilprojekt „Kompetenzen der Wahrnehmung, Interpretation, Antizipation von Unterrichtsprozessen sowie der Generierung von Handlungsstrategien mittels Videoanalyse erwerben” des Forschungsprojekts „Know how to teach (K2teach) - Grundlegende Handlungskompetenzen für eine adaptive Unterrichtspraxis im Studium erwerben”

Lehrpersonen müssen im Unterricht die wichtigen Merkmale einer Situation schnell erkennen, um angemessen darauf reagieren zu können. Dies umfasst neben der Situationsdiagnose auch das Antizipieren von möglichen Handlungsverläufen, um geeignete Handlungsstrategien identifizieren zu können. Diese Kompetenzen werden auch als professionelle Wahrnehmung bezeichnet. Studien belegen, dass die Kompetenzen der professionellen Wahrnehmung durch die Analyse von Unterrichtsaufnahmen bereits in der universitären Lehramtsausbildung gefördert werden können. Um Studierende beim Aufbau dieser Kompetenzen zu unterstützen, wer- den im K2teach-Projekt Unterrichtsaufnahmen für die Bereiche Didaktik der Biologie, Politikdidaktik und Allgemeine Grundschulpädagogik erstellt. Um eine ressourcenorientierte und nachhaltige Produktion zu gewährleisten, werden die Dreharbeiten mit studentischen MitarbeiterInnen realisiert. Der vorliegende Leitfaden dokumentiert die Schritte dieser Produktion. Er soll ferner als Unterstützung für die Durchführung ähnlicher Projekte dienen

On portraiture = o retrato : teoria, prática e ficção : de Francisco de Holanda a Susan Sontag

O colóquio pretende discutir a teoria e a prática da experiência artística, histórica, antropológica, social e política do retrato, bem como a dimensão ficcional que elas comportam. Situada no cruzamento de várias áreas disciplinares, a discussão aborda o retrato enquanto conceito, tema, processo, objeto (monumento e documento) e dispositivo, nos seus múltiplos desdobramentos e nas suas sucessivas atualizações conceptuais, tecnológicas e contextuais. Mais do que definir um enquadramento temporal, o subtítulo — de Francisco de Holanda a Susan Sontag — indica a porosidade dinâmica do tema investigado nos domínios da arte e da literatura e da sua mútua reversibilidade.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Mehr Unterrichtspraxis in die Lehramtsausbildung! Das FOCUS-Videoportal als digitales Lehr-Lern-Medium

Unterrichtsrelevante Kompetenzen wie die professionelle Wahrnehmung können durch die Analyse von Unterrichtsvideos gefördert werden. Hierfür benötigte Fallbeispiele werden im FOCUS-Videoportal bereitgestellt. In diesem Beitrag wird untersucht, inwieweit das Videoportal benutzungsfreundlich ist und sich zur Förderung der professionellen Wahrnehmung eignet. Es wurden 339 Studierende befragt. Die Ergebnisse zeugen von einer generellen Zufriedenheit mit dem inhaltlichen Angebot, der Benutzungsfreundlichkeit und der ästhetischen Umsetzung des Videoportals. Zudem konnte durch die bereitgestellten Videotrainings das Kompetenzerleben hinsichtlich der professionellen Wahrnehmung gefördert werden

Psychosocial Effects and Use of Communication Technologies during Home Confinement in the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Italy and The Netherlands

(1) Background: The COVID-19 pandemic forced people from all around the globe to strongly modify their daily routines, putting a significant strain on the social aspects of daily lives. While the first wave of the pandemic was a very challenging time in all countries, it is still uncertain whether various lockdown intensities and infection rates differed regarding their psychosocial impact. This work therefore aimed to investigate (i) the psychosocial effects of home confinement in two European countries that underwent different lockdown intensities: Italy and the Netherlands and (ii) the role of communication technology in relation to feelings of loneliness. (2) Methods: A cross-sectional online survey inquiring about different psychosocial variables and the use of and satisfaction towards communication technology was circulated among the general public during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. In total, 629 participants (66% female, 68% from the Netherlands) answered each question twice, referring to “before” and “during” the pandemic. (3) Results: We found significant negative effects of COVID-19 home confinement on depressive feelings (p < 0.001, %∆ = +54%), loneliness (p < 0.001, %∆ = +37.3%), life satisfaction (p < 0.001, %∆ = −19.8%) and mental wellbeing (p < 0.001, %∆ = −10.6%) which were accompanied with a significantly increased need for psychosocial support (p < 0.001, %∆ = +17.3%). However, the magnitude of psychosocial impact did not significantly differ between residents undergoing a more intense (Italy) versus a less intense (Netherlands) lockdown, although the decrease in social participation was found to be significantly different for both countries (z = −7.714, p < 0.001). Furthermore, our findings demonstrate that the increase in loneliness was associated with the adoption of new digital communication tools (r = 0.21, p < 0.001), and significantly higher for individuals who started to adopt at least one new digital communication tool during confinement than for those who did not (z = −4.252, p < 0.001). (4) Conclusions: This study highlights that, although COVID-19 home confinement significantly impacted psychosocial wellbeing during the first wave of the pandemic, this impact did not differ based on lockdown intensity. Recognizing the increasing adoption of digital communication technology in an attempt to reduce lockdown loneliness, future studies should investigate what is needed from the technology to achieve this effect

Highlights from the first ten years of the New Zealand earthquake forecast testing center

We present highlights from the first decade of operation of the New Zealand Earthquake Forecast Testing Center of the Collaboratory for the Study of Earthquake Predictability (CSEP). Most results are based on reprocessing using the best available catalog, because the testing center did not consistently capture the complete real-time catalog. Tests of models with daily updating show that aftershock models incorporating Omori- Utsu decay can outperform long-term smoothed seismicity models with probability gains up to 1000 during major aftershock sequences. Tests of models with 3-month updating show that several models with every earthquake a precursor according to scale (EEPAS) model, incorporating the precursory scale increase phenomenon and without Omori-Utsu decay, and the double-branching model, with both Omori-Utsu and exponential decay in time, outperformed a regularly updated smoothed seismicity model. In tests of 5-yr models over 10 yrs without updating, a smoothed seismicity model outperformed the earthquake source model of the New Zealand National Seismic Hazard Model. The performance of 3-month and 5-yr models was strongly affected by the Canterbury earthquake sequence, which occurred in a region of previously low seismicity. Smoothed seismicity models were shown to perform better with more frequent updating. CSEP models were a useful resource for the development of hybrid time-varying models for practical forecasting after major earthquakes in the Canterbury and Kaikoura regions. © 2018 Seismological Society of America. All rights reserved

The Forecasting Skill of Physics‐Based Seismicity Models during the 2010–2012 Canterbury, New Zealand, Earthquake Sequence

The static coulomb stress hypothesis is a widely known physical mechanism for earthquake triggering and thus a prime candidate for physics-based operational earthquake forecasting (OEF). However, the forecast skill of coulomb-based seismicity models remains controversial, especially compared with empirical statistical models. A previous evaluation by the Collaboratory for the Study of Earthquake Predictability (CSEP) concluded that a suite of coulomb-based seismicity models were less informative than empirical models during the aftershock sequence of the 1992 Mw 7.3 Landers, California, earthquake. Recently, a new generation of coulomb-based and coulomb/statistical hybrid models were developed that account better for uncertainties and secondary stress sources. Here, we report on the performance of this new suite of models compared with empirical epidemic-type aftershock sequence (ETAS) models during the 2010-2012 Canterbury, New Zealand, earthquake sequence. Comprising the 2010 M 7.1 Darfield earthquake and three subsequent M = 5:9 shocks (including the February 2011 Christchurch earthquake), this sequence provides a wealth of data (394 M = 3:95 shocks). We assessed models over multiple forecast horizons (1 day, 1 month, and 1 yr, updated after M = 5:9 shocks). The results demonstrate substantial improvements in the coulomb-based models. Purely physics-based models have a performance comparable to the ETAS model, and the two coulomb/statistical hybrids perform better or similar to the corresponding statistical model. On the other hand, an ETAS model with anisotropic (fault-based) aftershock zones is just as informative. These results provide encouraging evidence for the predictive power of coulomb-based models. To assist with model development, we identify discrepancies between forecasts and observations. © 2018 Seismological Society of America. All rights reserved

Clinical impact of pretreatment human immunodeficiency virus drug resistance in people initiating nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-containing antiretroviral therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: Increased access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) has resulted in rising levels of pretreatment human immunodeficiency virus drug resistance (PDR). This is the first systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the impact of PDR on treatment outcomes among people initiating nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)-based ART, including the combination of efavirenz (EFV), tenofovir (TDF), and lamivudine or emtricitabine (XTC). Methods: We systematically reviewed studies and conference proceedings comparing treatment outcomes in populations initiating NNRTI-based ART with and without PDR. We conducted subgroup analyses by regimen: (1) NNRTIs + 2 nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), (2) EFV + 2 NRTIs, or (3) EFV/TDF/XTC; by population (children vs adults); and by definition of resistance (PDR vs NNRTI PDR). Results: Among 6197 studies screened, 32 were analyzed (31 441 patients). We found that individuals with PDR initiating NNRTIs across all the subgroups had increased risk of virological failure compared to those without PDR. Risk of acquisition of new resistance mutations and ART switch was also higher in people with PDR. Conclusions: This review shows poorer treatment outcomes in the presence of PDR, supporting the World Health Organization's recommendation to avoid using NNRTIs in countries where levels of PDR are high