Developing Deadly Skies

The Canadian War Museum’s exhibition Deadly Skies – Air War, 1914-1918 examines the first air war from the perspective of nine international participants representing Canada, the United States, France, Great Britain, and Germany. Eschewing the romantic mythology of First World War aviation that focuses on the achievements of individual fighter pilots, the exhibition examines four key aspects of the air war: training, observation, bombing, and aerial combat. Adopting an interpretive approach that appeals to intergenerational audiences and that highlights personal experience in the war, the exhibition is presented as a series of life-sized graphic novels, supplemented with key artifacts, photos, audio clips, and videos. The historical and interpretative approaches together present a holistic and modern examination of the world’s first air war

The Essex Scottish Regiment in Operation Atlantic: What Went Wrong?

On 20–21 July 1944 the 6th Canadian Infantry Brigade was engaged in combat operations on Verrières Ridge south of Caen. Enemy resistance was stronger than expected and teh Canadian attack was met by strong German counterattacks supported by armour. During the course of the battle, two units, the Essex Scottish Regiment and the South Saskatchewan Regiment were driven back. In the aftermath of the battle the Essex Scottish Regiment and their commanding officer were criticized for their poor performance. This article examines the battle in an attempt to understand who was to blame. Lieutenant–Colonel B.J.S. MacDonald, the commanding officer of the Essex Scots, was fired for his role in the battle, but this article posits that Brigadier Hugh A. Young bears the greater share of responsibility for the operation’s failure

Battalion leadership in the Essex Scottish Regiment and the 4th Canadian Infantry Brigade during the Second World War

This thesis project began with the general idea of examining leadership at the battalion level in the Canadian Army during the First World War. After having been brought to my attention some time later, the Essex Scottish Regiment during the Second World War piqued my interest. This unit received the highest number of casualties of any Canadian unit throughout the Second World War, yet I had not heard or read anything significant about it. I had read gallant histories of the Royal Hamilton Light Infantry and the Black Watch, of the Regina Rifles and the Calgary Highlanders; none of these units, however, had experienced either the level of casualties or the level of historiographical poverty that the Essex had. Indeed, the Essex Scots had a head start on most other Canadian units by the beginning of the Normandy Campaign, in terms of casualties, since they had landed on the main beaches of Dieppe with their sister battalions the Royal Hamilton Light Infantry (RHLI or Rileys) and the Royal Regiment of Canada (RRC or Royals), who landed at Puys. I found myself asking what it was about the Essex Scots that made them lose so many men. Why was it that this particular regiment, that had so often been committed to battle alongside its more successful sister battalions, suffered more than another? What factors can account for the varied battlefield performance of the three regiments that constituted the 4th Canadian Infantry Brigade? Was it leadership, circumstance, luck, or something else? Consequently, the original idea of examining leadership at the battalion level became subsumed in this myriad of possibilities

Alien Registration- Maker, John B. (Rumford, Oxford County)

https://digitalmaine.com/alien_docs/12425/thumbnail.jp

Shaping Diffraction-Grating Grooves to Optimize Efficiency

A method of shaping diffraction-grating grooves to optimize the spectral efficiency, spectral range, and image quality of a spectral imaging instrument is under development. The method is based on the use of an advanced design algorithm to determine the possibly complex shape of grooves needed to obtain a desired efficiency-versus-wavelength response (see figure). Then electron- beam fabrication techniques are used to realize the required groove shape. The method could be used, for example, to make the spectral efficiency of the grating in a given wavelength range proportional to the inverse of the spectral efficiency of a photodetector array so that the overall spectral efficiency of the combination of the grating and the photodetector array would be flat. The method has thus far been applied to one-dimensional gratings only, but in principle, it is also applicable to two-dimensional gratings. The algorithm involves calculations in the spatial-frequency domain. The spatial-frequency spectrum of a grating is represented as a diffraction-order spectral-peak-width function multiplied by an efficiency function for a single grating groove. This representation affords computational efficiency and accuracy by making it possible to consider only the response from one grating groove (one period of the grating), instead of from the whole grating area, in determining the response from the entire grating. This combination of efficiency and accuracy is crucial for future extensions of the algorithm to two-dimensional designs and to designs in which polarization must also be taken into account. The algorithm begins with the definition of target values of relative efficiency that represent the desired spectral response of the grating in certain spectral frequencies calculated from the diffraction order and wavelength. The grating period is divided into a number of cells - typically, 100. The phase contribution from each cell is determined from the phase of the incident electromagnetic wave and the height of the grating surface in the cell. The total contribution from all cells to each target value is then calculated. Then a method known to specialists as the optimum-rotation-angle method is used to adjust the height of each cell so that the total response from all cells is optimized. The computation is iterative and continues until the desired response is obtained. In the event that the desired response is unphysical, the algorithm nevertheless strives to generate a grating-grove profile for which the response approximates the desired one as closely as possible

Why, school, why? Gifted students with academic failure.

Neste estudo de caso, de caráter descritivo-interpretativo, pretende-se identificar fatores de desenvolvimento e (in)sucesso escolar de jovens com características de sobredotação, na escolaridade obrigatória (12 a 16 anos). As narrativas apresentadas pelos investigadores revelam as relações entre características individuais e orientações escolares nem sempre aceites. A análise clarifica o tédio, frustração e fracasso que enfrentam estes alunos no cotidiano, tomada de decisão de alheamento, confronto ou ‘crise de identidade’ para a homogeneização e cumprimento de tarefas rotineiras que a escola oferece. Revelam ainda o relevo dos papéis do professor na diferenciação curricular e, em certos casos, no sucesso escolar dos estudantes.In this case study of a descriptive and interpretive nature it is intended to identify developmental factors and the success/failure at school of gifted youngsters (aged 12 to 16 years old) in compulsory education. The narratives presented by researchers show that the relationships between individual characteristics and school guidance are not always accepted. The analysis clarifies the boredom, frustration and failure facing these students in their everyday life, absent-minded decision-making, opposition or ‘identity crisis’ related to their standardization and compliance with routine tasks that the school requires today. They also reveal the importance of the role of the teacher in terms of curriculum differentiation and, in some cases, the academic success of the students.CIEC - Centro de Investigação em Estudos da Criança, IE, UMinho (UI 317 da FCT), Portugal. Fundos Nacionais através da FCT (Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia) e cofinanciado pelo Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional (FEDER) através do COMPETE 2020 – Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização (POCI) com a referência POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007562info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

15-micro-m 128 x 128 GaAs/Al(x)Ga(1-x) As Quantum Well Infrared Photodetector Focal Plane Array Camera

In this paper, we discuss the development of very sensitive, very long wavelength infrared GaAs/Al(x)Ga(1-x)As quantum well infrared photodetectors (QWIP's) based on bound-to-quasi-bound intersubband transition, fabrication of random reflectors for efficient light coupling, and the demonstration of a 15 micro-m cutoff 128 x 128 focal plane array imaging camera. Excellent imagery, with a noise equivalent differential temperature (N E(delta T)) of 30 mK has been achieved