Momentos de inovação em psicoterapia: das narrativas aos processos dialógicos

Partindo da proposta de Frank (1961), de que a mudança psicoterapêutica envolve uma mudança nos significados, sugerimos que os significados se organizam em narrativas cujos autores (I-positions, segundo Hermans) contam de uma forma activa as suas histórias. No sentido de estudar a mudança em psicoterapia, e partindo destas assunções, desenvolvemos o Sistema de Codificação de Momentos de Inovação, que fornece um método fiável e sistemático de identificar as novidades que emergem nas sessões de psicoterapia, que denominamos de Momentos de Inovação (MIs). Estes momentos de inovação emergem na psicoterapia e contribuem para interromper a dominância das auto-narrativas problemáticas responsáveis pelo sofrimento psicológico, permitindo a narração de novas histórias e a emergência de novas posições-do-Eu (I-positions). Após a descrição deste sistema de codificação, apresentamos um modelo de mudança e um modelo de estabilidade terapêutica, fundamentado nos resultados empíricos obtidos até ao momento. Partindo destas premissas, exploramos duas questões centrais relevantes: (1) Quais os processos que bloqueiam o desenvolvimento de momentos de inovação da fase intermédia até à fase final da terapia, particularmente no que respeita à reconceptualização? (2) Por que razão será a reconceptualização central no processo de mudança?Departing from Frank’s (1961) proposal that psychotherapeutic change involves change in meanings, we suggest that meanings are organized into narratives, and that narratives have authors (I-positions according to Hermans) that are actively telling their stories. To study change in psychotherapy, according to these assumptions, the Innovative Moment Coding System was created, which provides a systematic and reliable method for the identification of the novelties emerging in psychotherapy sessions, which we call innovative moments (IMs). These innovative moments emerge in successful psychotherapy and disrupt the dominance of the problematic self-narratives that brought the client to therapy, thus allowing for new I-positions to come to the foreground and tell stories that are outside the scope of the former problematic self-narratives. After describing this coding system, we present a model of psychotherapeutic change and a model of therapeutic stability grounded on the empirical results obtained until now. From here we explore two main questions: (1) Which processes block the development of innovative moments from the middle of the therapy to the end, particularly the emergence of reconceptualization? (2) Why is reconceptualization so central in the change process?(undefined

Hydrological Performance of Green Roofs in Mediterranean Climates: A Review and Evaluation of Patterns

ReviewThe capacity of green roofs to intercept rainfall, and consequently store and slow runoff resulting in a reduction in flood risk, is one of their main advantages. In this review, previous research related to the influence of green roofs on the hydrological cycle is examined with a special focus on studies for Mediterranean climate conditions (Csa and Csb according to the Köppen–Geiger climate classification). This climate is characterized by short and intense rainfall occurrences which, along with the increased area of impervious surface on Mediterranean regions, intensify the risk of flooding, particularly in the cities. The analysis covers the variables rainfall retention (R, %), runoff delay (RD, min or h), peak delay (PD, min or h), peak attenuation (PA, %), and runoff coefficient (RC, -), in relation to physical features of the green roof such as layers, substrate depth, slope, and vegetation, as well as, weather conditions, such as monthly temperature and monthly precipitation. Following a statistical analysis, some patterns for the average rainfall retention (%) were found in the published literature for green roofs under Mediterranean climate conditions—namely, that the most significant variables are related to the substrate depth, the existence of certain layers (root barrier, drainage layer), the origin of the vegetation, the types of green roofs (extensive, semi-intensive, intensive), and the precipitation and temperature of the location. Moreover, a multivariate analysis was conducted using multiple linear regression to identify the set of green roof features and weather conditions that best explain the rainfall retention (%), taking into consideration not only the studies under Mediterranean conditions but all climates, and a similar pattern emerged. Recommendations for future research include addressing the effect of physical features and weather conditions on the other variables (RD, PD, PA, RC) since, although present in some studies, they still do not provide enough information to reach clear conclusionsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Assessment of the adequacy of different Mediterranean waste biomass types for fermentative hydrogen production and the particular advantage of carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.) pulp

ABSTRACT: The conversion of agro-industrial byproducts, residues and microalgae, which are representative or adapted to the Mediterranean climate, to hydrogen (H2) by C. butyricum was compared. Five biomass types were selected: brewery’s spent grain (BSG), corn cobs (CC), carob pulp (CP), Spirogyra sp. (SP) and wheat straw (WS). The biomasses were delignified and/or saccharified, except for CP which was simply submitted to aqueous extraction, to obtain fermentable solutions with 56.2e168.4 g total sugars L 1. In small-scale comparative assays, the H2 production from SP, WS, CC, BSG and CP reached 37.3, 82.6, 126.5, 175.7 and 215.8 mL (g biomass) 1, respectively. The best fermentable substrate (CP) was tested in a pH-controlled batch fermentation. The H2 production rate was 204 mL (L h) 1 and a cumulative value of 3.9 L H2 L 1 was achieved, corresponding to a H2 production yield of 70.0 mL (g biomass) 1 or 1.6 mol (mol of glucose equivalents) 1. The experimental data were used to foresight a potential energy generation of 2.4 GWh per year in Portugal, from the use of CP as substrate for H2 production.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Microstructure, composition and their relationship with molecular mobility, food quality and stability

Food stability is a critical parameter for both consumers and producers, since it assures safety, nutritional, and sensorial quality of foodstuffs, and at the same time maximizes shelf-life. For a long time, water activity, aw, was considered a determinant parameter in food stability and physical properties. This concept was challenged with the revolutionary approach to the study of food systems using the glass transition concept. Recently, scientific research suggests that molecular mobility is a fundamental approach to fully attain food physical properties and stability. Current literature suggests that stability can only be fully grasped if molecular mobility and structure are taken into consideration; that is, an appropriate understanding of the behavior of food products requires knowledge of its composition, structure, and molecular dynamics, through the three-dimensional arrangement of the various structural elements and their interactions. Food systems are complex mixtures of water, biopolymers, low-molecular weight ingredients, and colloid particles, and the molecular mobility between these different components reflects on the stability of such systems, determining the physical state, microstructure, and composition, which impacts food characteristics. Particularly, food water content, location, and interactions with other components are critical in microbial growth, degradation reactions, and sensorial aspects. Understanding changes in water location and mobility represents a significant step in food stability knowledge, once that water availability profoundly affects chemical, physical, and microbiological quality of foods.info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersio

Structural MRI texture analysis for detecting Alzheimer's disease

Purpose:: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has the highest worldwide prevalence of all neurodegenerative disorders, no cure, and low ratios of diagnosis accuracy at its early stage where treatments have some effect and can give some years of life quality to patients. This work aims to develop an automatic method to detect AD in 3 different stages, namely, control (CN), mild-cognitive impairment (MCI), and AD itself, using structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI). Methods:: A set of co-occurrence matrix and texture statistical measures (contrast, correlation, energy, homogeneity, entropy, variance, and standard deviation) were extracted from a two-level discrete wavelet transform decomposition of sMRI images. The discriminant capacity of the measures was analyzed and the most discriminant ones were selected to be used as features for feeding classical machine learning (cML) algorithms and a convolution neural network (CNN). Results:: The cML algorithms achieved the following classification accuracies: 93.3% for AD vs CN, 87.7% for AD vs MCI, 88.2% for CN vs MCI, and 75.3% for All vs All. The CNN achieved the following classification accuracies: 82.2% for AD vs CN, 75.4% for AD vs MCI, 83.8% for CN vs MCI, and 64% for All vs All. Conclusion:: In the evaluated cases, cML provided higher discrimination results than CNN. For the All vs All comparison, the proposedmethod surpasses by 4% the discrimination accuracy of the state-of-the-art methods that use structural MRI.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The balance between treatment efficiency and receptor quality determines wastewater impacts on the dissemination of antibiotic resistance

This study investigated the balance between treatment efficiency and impact caused by urban wastewater treatment plants (UWTPs) on the dissemination of antibiotic resistance. Four full-scale UWTPs (PT1-PT4) and the receiving river were sampled over four campaigns. The 16 S rRNA gene, two mobile genetic elements (MGEs), eight antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), and culturable bacteria were monitored over different treatment stages and in hospital effluent. The bacterial and antibiotic resistance load was not significantly different in the inflow of the four UWTPs (p > 0.01). Biological treatment promoted ARGs reduction values up to 2.5 log-units/mL, while UV (PT1, PT2) or sand filtration/ozonation (PT3) led to removal values < 0.6 log-units/mL. The final effluent of PT3, with the highest removal rates and significantly lower ARGs abundance, was not significantly different from the receiving water body. Emerging ARGs (e.g., blaVIM, blaOXA-48, and blaKPC) were sporadically detected in the river, although more frequent downstream. Hospital effluent might contribute for the occurrence of some, but not all these ARGs in the river. A major conclusion was that the impact of the UWTPs on the river was not only determined by treatment efficiency and final effluent quality, but also by the background contamination of the river and/or dilution rate.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Contributos para o desenvolvimento da literacia: a aprendizagem da leitura e da escrita ao longo do 1º ciclo do ensino básico

Este projecto tem por objectivo principal estudar as relações entre a implementação de um programa de promoção de competências de leitura e a aquisição da leitura e da escrita ao longo do primeiro ciclo. O programa foi desenvolvido no ano lectivo 2000/01 junto de um grupo de crianças com 5 anos de idade, envolvendo jardins de infância e famílias. As crianças foram avaliadas no final do ensino pré-escolar e durante o 1º ano de escolaridade. As análises então efectuadas enfatizaram a relação entre a participação da família no programa e o desenvolvimento de competências linguísticas, de descodificação da leitura e codificação da escrita. Durante o ano 2003/04 foram avaliadas cerca de 60 crianças frequentando o 3º ano de escolaridade. Este grupo de crianças incluía aquelas crianças que tinham frequentado o programa atrás citado. Privilegiou-se, nesta fase, a análise dos processos envolvidos na compreensão de textos lidos. Esta comunicação pretende descrever o trabalho efectuado ao longo deste ano lectivo enfatizando os resultados sobre as possíveis relações entre os processos agora avaliados e a participação no programa implementado no final do ensino pré-escolar

The CSPP impact on non-financial firms’ cost of borrowing and debt choice

In this study, we examine the impact of the European Central Bank’s (ECB) corporate sector purchase programme (CSPP) on euro area non-financial firms’ cost of borrowing and choice between bank and public debt. Using a large sample of corporate bonds and syndicated loans closed between 2000 and 2019, we find that the CSPP reduced corporate bond spreads significantly, in both announcement and implementation periods. Findings also suggest that the CSPP had a positive spillover effect into the syndicated loan market during the implementation period. Our results show that there is a substitution effect between eligible bonds and equivalent loans, with non-financial firms choosing to use more corporate bonds than syndicated loan deals after the CSPP announcement, and that this effect is more important for non-switchers, those that may have more difficulty in accessing the bond market. Finally, we provide evidence that, when controlling for the CSPP, borrowers that choose corporate bonds are larger, more profitable, and have larger growth opportunity sets; and switchers with high agency costs of debt prefer bank debt.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

A bacteriophage-based platform for early diagnosis of Alzheimers disease

Book of Abstracts of CEB Annual Meeting 2017[Excerpt] Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease affecting a large proportion of the human population worldwide. One hallmark of AD is the increased deposition of plaques, which consist of amyloid-beta (AB) peptide, a key molecule to cause AD onset and progression. However, it is not AB immobilized in plaques, but in the still-soluble oligomeric/fibrillar form that impairs synaptic function and memory encoding. It is therefore important to develop tools that selectively target AB in oligomeric/fibrillar form, to diagnose and neutralize these detrimental AB-clusters during the early stages of the disease. Homing peptides that selectively recognize AB-oligomers and fibrils have been described: AB30-39, reactive for AB fibrils and AB33-42, reactive to fibrils and oligomers [1]. However, these peptides are unable to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) by themselves. To overcome this limitation, viruses became a very interesting tool given their versatility to be modified through genetic or chemical manipulation. Bacteriophages (phages), are viruses that only infect bacteria (a major advantage in terms of safety when therapeutic use in humans is envisaged). M13KE is one of the most widely used phage which has been reported as capable to cross the BBB [2]. [...]info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Adsorption heat pump optimization by experimental design and response surface methodology

The performance of commercial zeolites, with and without binder in its formulation (SYLOBEAD® MS C 548: 13X with binder; Köstrolith® 13XBFK and NaYBFK: 13X and NaY without binder, respectively), for water adsorption heating applications was compared in this work. Accounting for a Box-Behnken design with four factors (time of adsorption and desorption, tADS+DES; condensation temperature, Tcond; heat source temperature, THTF,hot; bed thickness, δ) and three levels, a set of 25 simulations per adsorbent was accomplished, and the performance of the adsorption units was evaluated through the coefficient of performance (COP) and the specific heating power (SHP). The results suggested that the presence of the binder in the formulation of 13X does not penalize the zeolite performance significantly, and that NaYBFK is the most promising material. For the latter solid, statistical outcomes were analyzed and insights about their usefulness to optimize the design and operation of adsorption heat pumps are provided. Pareto charts displaying the impact ranking of the factors upon COP and SHP are discussed, and simple equations are provided for the expeditious estimation of both indicators. Such models were utilized to map system performance and to select optimal geometric/operating parameters that meet specific performance requirements.publishe