Ocorrência de microrganismos e sua relação com a qualidade fisiológica de sementes de alface / Occurrence of microorganisms and their relationship with physiological quality of lettuce seeds

O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a relação entre microrganismos e, a qualidade fisiológica de lotes comerciais de sementes de alface. Foram utilizados nove lotes comerciais de sementes de alface submetidos a avaliação da qualidade fisiológica e sanitária. As análises da qualidade fisiológica foram determinação do teor de água, teste de germinação, primeira leitura da germinação, envelhecimento acelerado, emergência de plântulas em substrato e no solo. Para a análise sanitária foram utilizadas as metodologias: Blotter test, plaqueamento em meio semi-seletivo e identificação bacteriana por meio de teste bioquímico para oxidase positiva. Para avaliar as consequências da presença do microrganismo de maior incidência, sobre o potencial germinativo dos lotes, as sementes foram inoculadas com Pseudomonas spp. e submetidas ao teste de germinação. Foram identificados os gêneros Aspergillus, Alternaria, Cladosporium e Pseudomonas. A multiplicação e potencial de redução da germinação dos lotes, pelos microrganismos identificados, esteve intrinsecamente relacionada ao nível de deterioração pré-existente dos lotes, portanto, os microrganismos não provocaram danos ao potencial germinativo dos lotes de maior vigor

A list of land plants of Parque Nacional do Caparaó, Brazil, highlights the presence of sampling gaps within this protected area

Brazilian protected areas are essential for plant conservation in the Atlantic Forest domain, one of the 36 global biodiversity hotspots. A major challenge for improving conservation actions is to know the plant richness, protected by these areas. Online databases offer an accessible way to build plant species lists and to provide relevant information about biodiversity. A list of land plants of “Parque Nacional do Caparaó” (PNC) was previously built using online databases and published on the website "Catálogo de Plantas das Unidades de Conservação do Brasil." Here, we provide and discuss additional information about plant species richness, endemism and conservation in the PNC that could not be included in the List. We documented 1,791 species of land plants as occurring in PNC, of which 63 are cited as threatened (CR, EN or VU) by the Brazilian National Red List, seven as data deficient (DD) and five as priorities for conservation. Fifity-one species were possible new ocurrences for ES and MG states

Abordagens para Prevenção Secundária do Tromboembolismo Pulmonar (TEP): Uma Revisão de Literatura

This literature review aims to investigate contemporary strategies for the secondary prevention of Pulmonary Embolism (PE). The research encompassed recent studies, focusing on anticoagulation, including novel oral anticoagulants, surgical interventions, and advanced diagnostic methods. Emphasizing the importance of personalized treatment considering individual factors, the review underscores the need for additional studies to validate conclusions and inform more robust clinical guidelines. This review contributes to an in-depth understanding of secondary prevention strategies for PE, highlighting the integrated and personalized approach as crucial for optimizing clinical outcomes and reducing PE recurrence.Esta revisão de literatura explora estratégias contemporâneas para a prevenção secundária do Tromboembolismo Pulmonar (TEP). A pesquisa abrangeu estudos recentes, enfocando anticoagulação, incluindo novos anticoagulantes orais, intervenções cirúrgicas, e métodos de diagnóstico avançados. Destaca-se a importância da personalização do tratamento, considerando fatores individuais, enquanto ressalta a necessidade de estudos adicionais para validar conclusões e informar diretrizes clínicas mais sólidas. Esta revisão contribui para uma compreensão aprofundada das estratégias de prevenção secundária do TEP, enfatizando a abordagem integrada e personalizada como crucial para otimizar desfechos clínicos e reduzir recorrências do TEP

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Outcomes from elective colorectal cancer surgery during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

This study aimed to describe the change in surgical practice and the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on mortality after surgical resection of colorectal cancer during the initial phases of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

The inhibitory effect of soil micro-organisms on ectomycorrhizal development of Eucalyptus urophylla seedlings inoculated summary in vitro with Pisolithus tinctorius

A população de fungos e bactérias foi estimada em 3 substratos usados em viveiros florestais: turfa, terra de subsolo e casca de eucalipto decomposta, esta fumigada ou não com brometo de metila. Dentre os isolados fúngicos e bacterianos obtidos foram selecionados 3 isolados do gênero Trichoderma (denominados TR-1, TR-4 e TR-7), 1 isolado de Penicillium (PN-10), 1 da família Mucoraceae (UM-25) e 4 isolados bacterianos (B-40, B-41, B-43 e B-44) para verificação de antibiose a P. tinctorius em meio de cultura contendo ágar. Os 3 isolados do gênero Trichoderma e 1 isolado bacteriano (B-44) inibiram o desenvolvimento de P. tinctorius. Os isolados de Trichoderma não parasitaram hifas de P. tinctorius em meio com ágar. Os isolados TR-1, TR-4, TR-7, PN-10, PN-16, B-40, B-44 e os complexos de microorganismos dos 3 substratos de viveiro foram avaliados quanto à habilidade de inibirem o desenvolvimento de ectomicorrizas por P. tinctorius em mudas de E. urophylla cultivadas em tubos tubos de ensaio contendo vermiculita-esfagno e solução de Melin-Norkrans modificada. Os isolados de Trichoderma (TR-1, TR-4 e TR-7) e os complexos microbianos dos substratos inibiram fortemente o desenvolvimento ectomicorrízico. Os isolados de Penicillium (PN-10 e PN-16) também inibiram o desenvolvimento ectomicorrízico, mas em menor intensidade. Os isolados TR-1, PN-10, B-44 e os complexos microbianos dos substratos foram avaliados quanto à habilidade de induzirem raízes de E. urophylla formar inclusões no córtex indicando acúmulo de compostos fenólicos indutores de resistência ao desenvolvimento ectomicorrízico. Dentre estes, somente o isolado B-44 não induziu formação de inclusões nas raízes. Concluiu-se que os substratos de viveiros podem ser colonizados por espécies de Trichoderma e de Penicillium, potencialmente inibidoras do desenvolvimento de ectomicorrizas em E. urophylla por P. tinctorius.It was estimated the fungal and bacterial population of 3 forest nurseries substrates: peat, subsoil and decomposed bark of eucalypt fumigated or not with methyl bromide. Three isolates of Trichoderma (designated TR-1, TR-4 and TR-7), 1 isolate of Penicillium (PN-10), 1 Mucoraceae (MU-25), and 4 bacterial isolates (B-40, B-41, B-43 and B-44) were selected for verification of antibiosis against P. tinctorius in agar culture. All isolates of Trichoderma and 1 bacterial isolate (B-44) inhibited P. tinctorius growth. Isolates of Trichoderma did not parasitize the hyphae of P. tinctorius in agar culture. The isolates TR-1, TR-4, TR-7, PN-10, PN-16, B-40, B-44, and the microbial complex of nursery substrates were tested for the ability to inhibit development of ectomycorrhiza by P. tinctorius on E. urophylla seedlings cultivated in tubes with a vermiculite-peat moss mixture moistened with modified Melin-Norkrans solution. The isolates of Trichoderma (TR-1, TR-4 and TR-7) and the microbial complex of nursery substrates were strongly inhibitory towards ectomycorrhizal development. The Penicillium isolates (PN-10 and PN-16) also had inhibitory effects on the development of ectomycorrhiza but with a fewer intensity. The isolates TR-1, PN-10, B-44, and the microbial complex of substrates were evaluated for their ability to induce roots of E. urophylla to form phenolic inclusions in cortical cells which would be involved in a resistance mechanism. Except the isolate B-44, the isolates induced formation of inclusions on roots. It is concluded that nursery substrates might be colonizated by Trichoderma and Peniciliium species with potential to inhibi t ectomycorrhizal development by P. tinctorius on E. urophylla