Classificação multinível de tráfego de rede com base em amostragem

A classificação e a caracterização do tráfego de rede são tarefas essenciais para o correto planeamento e gestão das actuais redes de comunicações. No entanto, face ao elevado volume de tráfego envolvido, essas tarefas podem beneficiar largamente do recurso a tráfego amostrado, desde que este permita obter uma visão da rede realista através de pequenas porções de tráfego. Neste contexto, este artigo tem como principal objetivo a exploração e comparação da acurácia de diferentes estratégias de classificação de tráfego de rede quando conjugadas com diferentes técnicas de amostragem. Recorrendo à ferramenta TIE - Traffic Identification Engine [1], que disponibiliza estratégias de classificação de tráfego operando em distintos níveis da pilha protocolar, e a uma framework de amostragem que implementa técnicas clássicas e emergentes de amostragem de tráfego [2], é analisado o impacto da estratégia de classificação e amostragem na correta identificação dos fluxos de rede. A base dos testes realizados recorre a tráfego de rede real coletado no Instituto Nacional de Estatística, posteriormente submetido a diferentes estratégias de classificação e amostragem. Desta forma, pretende- se contribuir com diretivas para a obtenção de uma classificação realista do tráfego de rede com o menor overhead em termos de tráfego coletado e analisado.Este trabalho é suportado pela FCT - Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia no âmbito do projeto UID/CEC/00319/2013.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Auditoria baseada em riscos no processo de transporte nacional de cargas postais : um estudo de caso da Empresa Brasileira de Correios e Telégrafos

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Departamento de Ciência da Computação, 2019.A importância da Gestão de Risco na administração pública brasileira foi marcada pelo Ministério do Planejamento, Desenvolvimento e Gestão (MP) e pela Controladoria-Geral da União (CGU), em 2016, quando atribuíram às entidades do Poder Executivo Federal o dever de adotar medidas para a sistematização de práticas relacionadas à gestão de riscos, aos controles internos, e à governança. O objetivo geral deste trabalho é propor um Método de Diagnose e Auditoria de Riscos (MeDiAR) para selecionar e priorizar objetos de auditoria que devam ser avaliados pela unidade de auditoria interna a fim de mitigar os riscos inerentes e de controle identificados, assim como para reduzir os impactos decorrentes de perdas por erros ou fraudes. A viabilidade do emprego do MeDiAR desenvolveu-se com a pesquisa-ação, contando com a atuação direta do pesquisador no processo-piloto, além do envolvimento cooperativo e participativo de especialistas em auditoria na aplicação do Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) combinado com matriz de riscos de auditoria. Este trabalho teve como objeto a Rede Postal Aérea Noturna (RPN) dos Correios, com o objetivo específico de avaliar os resultados da aplicação do MeDiAR como instrumento de apoio à tomada de decisão para priorização dos eventos de risco, identificados no processo-piloto, que poderão ser auditados pela Unidade de Auditoria Interna Governamental (UAIG). Os resultados alcançados validaram a possibilidade da UIAG mudar o foco do planejamento operacional da ótica dos controles internos para a dos riscos residuais do objeto a ser auditado, permitindo ao órgão de auditoria direcionar suas análises aos eventos classificados como de risco crítico ou alto, otimizando assim, seus recursos nos eventos mais relevantes à organização, situação que permitiu concluir pela utilização do MeDiAR e aceitar as duas hipóteses avaliadas nesta pesquisa-ação. Ressalta-se, ainda, que o desenho proposto para o MeDiAR o torna flexível ao ponto de ser adaptado para ser aplicado em outros processos ou objetos de auditoria, uma vez que utiliza da versatilidade do AHP para conversão de variáveis qualitativas em valores numéricos que permitem identificar os pesos dos julgamentos de especialistas. Dessa forma, mesmo apresentando resultados teóricos positivos para esta pesquisa-ação, a ratificação de sua aplicabilidade e os benefícios com sua implementação no âmbito corporativo ultrapassa o tempo permitido para a conclusão do curso, além do escopo desta pesquisa acadêmica. Certo é que todo novo método nasce de uma formulação teórica e evolui à medida que outras implementações ocorram, consolidando-o como uma ferramenta avançada, fomentando um ciclo de aprendizagem que não se esgota neste documento. Como visto, não há limites para as oportunidades de pesquisa relacionadas à aplicação do MeDiAR, justificando sua disseminação no meio acadêmico e profissional.The importance of Risk Management in the Brazilian public administration was marked by the Ministry of Planning, Development and Management (MP) and the Office of Comptroller General (CGU), in 2016, when they assigned to the Federal Executive Branch the obligation to adopt measures for the systematization of practices related to risk management, internal controls, and governance. The overall objective of this work is to propose a Risk Assessment and Audit Method (MeDiAR) to select and prioritize audit objects that should be evaluated by an internal audit unit in order to mitigate the inherent and control risks and reduce the impacts resulting from losses due to errors or frauds. The technical feasibility of using MeDiAR was developed through the research-action method, with the direct performance of the researcher in the pilot process, as well as the involvement of experts in the application of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) combined with the matrix of audit risks. The purpose of this paper was to evaluate of the application of MeDiAR as a tool to support the decision-making process for prioritizing the risk events identified in the pilot process, and if it may be audited by the Internal Government Audit Unit (UAIG). The results validated the possibility of the UIAG changing the focus of operational planning from the point of view of internal controls to the focus of residual risks of the object to be audited, enabling the audit body to direct its analyzes to events classified as critical or high risk. Thus optimizing its resources in the most relevant events to the organization, which it concluded by the use of MeDiAR and also it confirmed the basic hypotheses dealt with in this researchaction. It is worth noting that the proposed design for MeDiAR makes it flexible enough to be applied in other process or audit objects, which uses the AHP’s versatility to convert qualitative variables into numeric values that allow identify the weights of expert judgments. Therefore, even presenting positive theoretical results for this research-action, the ratification of its applicability and benefits with its implementation in the corporate scope exceeds the time allowed for the conclusion of the course, going beyond the scope of this academic research. It is true that every new method is born from a theoretical formulation and it evolves as other implementations roll-out, consolidating it as an advanced tool, fostering and a learning curve that is not exhausted in this document. As seen, there are no limits to the research opportunities related to the application of MeDiAR, justifying its dissemination both in the academic and professional environment

Uma viagem pelo autoconhecimento: A aventura de um professor estagiário na busca da sua individualidade

O estágio profissional é uma componente importante da formação dos estudantes inseridos no 2º ciclo em Ensino de EF nos Ensinos Básico e Secundário, onde o estudante estagiário é colocado na comunidade docente e vai construindo a sua identidade enquanto professor. O presente relatório partilha as experiências de um estudante estagiário na sua aventura em contexto escolar (estágio profissional), com o apoio dos seus aliados (professores cooperantes e núcleo de estágio). O relatório encontra-se dividido em três grandes capítulos: enquadramento biográfico, institucional e operacional. O primeiro capítulo descreve a personagem principal e as suas expetativas, o segundo capítulo faz um retrato do contexto em que se insere o estágio profissional e o terceiro capítulo aborda as estratégias, a operacionalização e a avaliação do ensino, a participação do estudante estagiário na comunidade escolar e o seu projeto de investigação. Uma aventura marcada pela transformação pessoal e profissional do estudante estagiário que partiu de uma posição de incerteza e insegurança, mas que foi crescendo com a superação dos obstáculos e com a aprendizagem dos seus próprios erros. Com a ajuda dos seus aliados, o estudante estagiário vai-se tornando mais confiante e vai ganhando autonomia para superar as suas missões sozinho. O estágio profissional marca uma jornada de aprendizagens, superação e de autodescoberta que são essenciais para a construção do futuro professor de Educação Física.The Professional Training is an important component of the training of students enrolled in 2nd cycle in Teaching Physical Education in Primary and Secondary School, where the trainee student is inserted in the teaching community and builds his identity as a teacher. This report shares the experiences of a student trainee on his adventure in a school context (Professional Training) with the support of his allies (cooperating teachers and internship nucleus). The report is divided into three major chapters: biographical, institutional and operational framework. The first chapter describes the main character and his expectations, the second chapter portrays the context in which the professional training is inserted and the third chapter addresses the strategies, operationalization and evaluation of teaching, the participation of the trainee student in the school community and his research project. An adventure marked by the personal and professional transformation of the trainee student who started from a point of uncertainty and insecurity, but which grew with overcoming obstacles and learning from his own mistakes. With the help of his allies, the trainee student becomes more confident and gains autonomy to overcome his missions alone. The professional training marks a journey of learning, overcoming and self-discovery that are essential for the construction of the future Physical Education teacher

Theoretical framework for Risk management monitoring, review and improvement process of FLOSS applications using key risk indicators - KRI at a public agency

In the last decade, and due to a number of factors, including budget constraints caused by the economic crisis and the promotion of Free and Open Source Software - FLOSS by the brazilian federal government, public bodies have been increasingly using FLOSS both to cover own operational needs and to offer new and varied services to citizens. In this context, good governance rules suggest the establishment of the risk management process, which, in accordance with the ISO/IEC 27005 and ISO/IEC 31000 rules, broadly defines the context definition, analysis and risk assessment, risk management, communication, and critical risk monitoring and review of the organization’s assets. For the risk monitoring and review process, the COSO organization promotes the use of key risk indicators - KRI that help monitor alerts, changes in risk conditions, or new risks that may arise in the course of day to day operations. This article aims to present the theoretical framework for Risk management monitoring, review and improvement process of FLOSS applications using key risk indicators - KRI at a public agency.Sociedad Argentina de Informática e Investigación Operativ

Theoretical framework for Risk management monitoring, review and improvement process of FLOSS applications using key risk indicators - KRI at a public agency

In the last decade, and due to a number of factors, including budget constraints caused by the economic crisis and the promotion of Free and Open Source Software - FLOSS by the brazilian federal government, public bodies have been increasingly using FLOSS both to cover own operational needs and to offer new and varied services to citizens. In this context, good governance rules suggest the establishment of the risk management process, which, in accordance with the ISO/IEC 27005 and ISO/IEC 31000 rules, broadly defines the context definition, analysis and risk assessment, risk management, communication, and critical risk monitoring and review of the organization’s assets. For the risk monitoring and review process, the COSO organization promotes the use of key risk indicators - KRI that help monitor alerts, changes in risk conditions, or new risks that may arise in the course of day to day operations. This article aims to present the theoretical framework for Risk management monitoring, review and improvement process of FLOSS applications using key risk indicators - KRI at a public agency.Sociedad Argentina de Informática e Investigación Operativ

A new species of Neotropical freshwater stingray of the genus Potamotrygon Garman, 1877 from the Río Madrede Díos, Peru (Chondrichthyes: Potamotrygonidae)

Potamotrygon tatianae sp. nov., is described from Río Madre de Díos, Peru, upper Rio Madeira basin. The new species is distinguished from all congeners by a unique combination of characters, including its dorsal color pattern formed by a relatively slender, highly convoluted, beige to dark brown vermicular pattern, a single row of dorsal tail spines, and a relatively longer tail posterior to caudal stings. Potamotrygon tatianae sp. nov., occurs sympatrically with other species of Potamotrygon (P. falkneri, P. orbignyi and P. motoro). From the similar species P. falkneri, P. tatianae sp. nov., is further distinguished by the absence of circular, reniform, and oval spots, by its proportionally much longer tail, by having dorsal tail spines in one irregular row, and by features of the ventral lateral-line canal, dermal denticles and neurocranium. From P. orbignyi, the new species is distinct by lacking a reticulate pattern on dorsal disc and by the presence of two angular cartilages. From P. motoro, P. tatianae sp. nov., is further separated by the lack of ocelli formed by strong black concentric rings, by the more flattened aspect of its head and disc, and by having smaller and more numerous teeth. The discovery of a new species that so closely resembles a congeneric form in color pattern, a feature highly variable within the latter, highlights the importance of examining large series of individuals and of detailed morphological analyses in revealing the potentially highly cryptic nature of the diversity within the family.Potamotrygon tatianae sp. nov., é descrita do Río Madre de Díos, Peru, alto da bacia do Río Madeira. Essa nova espécie é distinta de todas as espécies congenéricas por uma combinação única de caracteres, incluindo sua coloração dorsal formada por um padrão vermicular de cor bege a marrom escuro, relativamente delgado e altamente convoluto, uma única fileira mediana dorsal de espinhos sobre a cauda e uma cauda relativamente longa posteriormente aos ferrões caudais. Potamotrygon tatianae sp. nov., ocorre em simpatria com outras espécies de Potamotrygon (P. falkneri, P. orbignyi and P. motoro). Da espécie similar P. falkneri, P.tatianae sp. nov., é também distinguida pela ausência de manchas circulares, reniformes e ovais, por sua cauda proporcionalmente mais longa, por apresentar espinhos caudais em uma única fileira irregular e por caracteres dos canais ventrais da linha lateral, dentículos dérmicos e neurocrânio. De P. orbignyi, a nova espécie é distinguida pela ausência de um padrão reticulado no dorso do disco e pela presença de duas cartilagens angulares. De P. motoro, P. tatianae sp. nov., é separada pela ausência de ocelos formados por anéis negros concêntricos intensos, pelo aspecto mais achatado da cabeça e disco e pela presença de dentes menores e mais numerosos. A descoberta de uma espécie nova que é semelhante a uma outra espécie congenérica que possui um padrão de colorido dorsal semelhante, um caráter muito variável nesta espécie, ressalta a importância de examinar séries grandes de indivíduos e de análises morfológicas detalhadas para revelar a natureza potencialmente críptica da diversidade dentro da família

Otorhinolaryngology Medical Residency in Ceará in 2003: openings and applicants’ profiles

SummaryAim: Analyze and compare the openings for medical residency in Otorhinolaryngology in Ceará in 2003 along with the profile of the applicants. Study design: cross-sectional. Methods: Data on medical residency programs in Ceará as of September 2003 were obtained electronically from the web page of the National Commission of Medical Residency (CNRM). The information regarding the applicants was retrieved directly from the institutions offering medical residency programs in Otorhinolaryngology in 2003 and complemented by searches in the databases of the Ceará State Regional Council of Medicine and the Federal Council of Medicine. Results: The total number of openings in Otorhinolaryngology authorized by CNRM is 12. Nine (75%) of the total and 4 (100%) of First Year Residence are currently filled. The hospital occupancy rate was 66.67% for HGF and 83.33% for HUWC. Competition per residency was 13.0 at both hospitals. The 48 applications received by the two hospitals were submitted by 37 doctors, 66.67% of whom were male. The largest number of candidates came from the medical schools of the Federal Universities of Ceará (62.50%), Paraíba (15.63%) and Alagoas (9.38%). Approximately 41% of the candidates had graduated in 2002. Conclusion: This study presents a profile of medical residency in Otorhinolaryngology

Historical floods of the Douro River in Porto, Portugal (1727–1799)

Extreme meteorological events have had devastating consequences all over the world throughout the ages. In this study, we look into the floods at the mouth of the Douro River (Porto, Portugal) in the eighteenth century to expand the data series of floods in Northern Portugal. Information was gathered mostly from documentary narrative sources, either individual or institutional (administrative and ecclesiastic), some of which include reports of Pro Serenitate ceremonies. A study by the priest Rebelo Costa (1789) and the memories of the merchant Ignacio Henckell from 1717 to 1800 stand out among the individual sources. We concluded that there was great interannual variability in the occurrence of the 54 recorded floods, the highest number of which occurred in the 1780s. The “catastrophic” floods were recorded in 1727, 1739, 1769, 1774, 1777, 1788 and 1798, four of which are studied in detail in this paper. The greatest number of flood events took place in winter and autumn, and most of them lasted between 1 and 3 days. An analysis of the description of the floods, their impacts and the associated meteorological causes was carried out. In most cases, the frontal activity associated with Atlantic cyclonic systems was the cause of positive precipitation anomalies in NW Iberia. The great variability in heavy precipitation was confirmed by the new data. However, hardly any temporal simultaneity was found with other case studies in Southern Europe, except for Spain, especially several localities of Galicia and the mid Douro Valley (Zamora).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

NUMBERS OF MORTALITY IN THE STATE OF MARANHÃO, BRAZIL

Death is defined by the World Health Organization as the cessation of vital signs at any time after birth, with no possibility of resuscitation. The objective of this study was to analyze the temporal dynamics of mortality in the State of Maranhão using data from the Mortality Information System (SIM) of the National Department of Health. For this, it was used information on the mortality rate of all municipalities in the State in the years 2000, 2010 and 2014. Data were initially analyzed through descriptive statistics to determine the main statistical moments. The statistical analysis demonstrated that data presented high coefficient of variation value and did not show normal frequency distribution. Through the maps generated it is possible to verify that only the city of São Luís had more than 1000 deaths in the three years analyzed. In addition to the growth in the total number of deaths in the state, accompanying the population increase