Dimensionado de un parque de energía eólica, estudio de viabilidad económica y estudio de Impacto Ambiental. Aplicación la provincia de Teruel

[EN] The purpose of this research has been to find the ideal location for the construction of a wind farm of 40 MW, to meet future energy demands, while renewable energy is empowered and national energy dependence is reduced. To this end, three possible locations have been chosen according to criteria of energy demand, wind resource, and logistics. This has led to choose three locations in the province of Teruel which are: - Monforte de Moyuela - Sierra de San Just - Villar de los Navarros We have started from three different models of wind turbine power: - Enercon E-101 3MW - Gamesa G-132 5MW - Enercon E-126 7.5 MW From these data, we have calculated the technical dimensioning of the park in each location, and with each wind turbine model. After obtaining the factors of use and production of each option, we have conducted an economic feasibility survey, in which three different forms of financing have been taken into account: - 100% own funding. - 20% own funding , and a bank loan worth 80% of the initial investment. - 20% own funding to 20%, and sales of bonds worth 80% of the initial investment. Obtaining a forecast of profits or losses that may involve each of the studied cases, taking the following indicators: IRR (internal rate of return), NPV (net present value), IR (Performance Index), and PAY Back (time that it takes to make a profit). The economic feasibility survey will be used to compare the three sites and wind turbines; however the chose of funding model will depend on the interests of the promoter. We have also made an Environmental Impact Survey comparing the three locations. With it we have objectified, as far as possible, the impacts that the construction of the park may have in each site. They have been compared under the same criteria to obtain the most environmentally friendly option. Once all the results have been obtained, we have developed two multi matrices, one that favors the most profitable options against the results of the environmental impact study, and other one that gives greater importance to environmental criteria. In both cases the impact on employment has been emphasized, due to the location of the emplacemens in a province with high unemployment rates.[CA] Al present estudi s'ha cercat la localització idònia per a la construcció d'un parc eòlic de 40 MW de potència, per satisfer les demandes energètiques futures, alhora que es potenciï les energies renovables i es redueix la dependència energètica nacional. Per a això, s'han seleccionat tres possibles localitzacions atenent a criteris de demanda energètica, recurs eòlic, i logística. Això ha portat a escollir tres localitzacions de la província de Terol que són: - Monforte de Moyuela - Sierra de Sant Just - Villar de los Navarros S'ha partit de tres models d'aerogeneradors de diferent potència: - Enercon E-101 de 3 MW - Gamesa G-132 de 5 MW - Enercon E-126 de 7.5 MW A partir d'aquestes dades, s'han realitzat els càlculs de dimensionament tècnic del parc en cadascuna de les localitzacions, i amb cada un dels models d'aerogeneradors. Un cop obtinguts els factors d'ús i la producció de cada opció, s'ha dut a terme un estudi de viabilitat econòmica, en el qual s'han tingut en compte tres formes de finançament diferents: - Finançament propi al 100% - Finançament propi al 20%, i un préstec bancari amb valor del 80% de la inversió inicial. - Finançament propi al 20%, i venda de bons amb valor del 80% de la inversió inicial. Obtenint-se una previsió dels beneficis o pèrdues que pot suposar cadascun dels casos estudiats, prenent com a indicadors el TIR (Taxa Interna de Retorn), el VAN (Valor Actualitzat Net), l'IR (Índex de Rendibilitat), i el Pay- back (temps que es triga a obtenir beneficis). L'estudi de Viabilitat Econòmica servirà per comparar entre els tres emplaçaments i aerogeneradors, encara que el model de finançament escollit dependrà dels interessos del promotor. S'ha realitzat un estudi d'impacte ambiental que ha comparat les tres localitzacions. De manera que s'ha objectivat, en la mesura del possible, els impactes que pugui causar la construcció del parc en cada emplaçament, i s'han comparat en igualtat de criteris per obtenir l'opció més favorable ambientalment. Un cop obtinguts tots els resultats, s'han realitzat dues matrius multicriteri, un que afavoreix a les opcions amb major rendibilitat enfront dels resultats de l'Estudi d'Impacte Ambiental, i una altra que dóna més importància als criteris ambientals. En tots dos casos s'ha posat èmfasi en l'impacte sobre l'ocupació per trobar-se els emplaçaments en una província amb altes taxes d'atur.[ES] En el presente estudio se ha buscado la localización idónea para la construcción de un parque eólico de 40 MW de potencia, para satisfacer las demandas energéticas futuras, a la vez que se potencie las energías renovables y se reduce la dependencia energética nacional. Para ello, se han escogido tres posibles localizaciones atendiendo a criterios de demanda energética, recurso eólico, y logística. Esto ha llevado a escoger tres localizaciones de la provincia de Teruel que son: - Monforte de Moyuela - Sierra de San Just - Villar de los Navarros Se ha partido de tres modelos de aerogeneradores de distinta potencia: - Enercon E-101 de 3MW - Gamesa G-132 de 5MW - Enercon E-126 de 7.5 MW A partir de estos datos, se han realizado los cálculos de dimensionamiento técnico del parque en cada una de las localizaciones, y con cada uno de los modelos de aerogeneradores. Una vez obtenidos los factores de uso y la producción de cada opción, se ha llevado a cabo un estudio de viabilidad económica, en el que se han tenido en cuenta tres formas de financiación distintas: - Financiación propia al 100% - Financiación propia al 20%, y un préstamo bancario con valor del 80% de la inversión inicial. - Financiación propia al 20%, y venta de bonos con valor del 80% de la inversión inicial. Obteniéndose una previsión de los beneficios o pérdidas que puede suponer cada uno de los casos estudiados, tomando como indicadores el TIR (Tasa Interna de Retorno), el VAN (Valor Actualizado Neto), el IR (Índice de Rentabilidad), y el Pay- Back (tiempo que se tarda en obtener beneficios). El estudio de Viabilidad Económica servirá para comparar entre los tres emplazamientos y aerogeneradores, no obstante el modelo de financiación escogido dependerá de los intereses del promotor. Se ha realizado un Estudio de Impacto Ambiental que ha comparado las tres localizaciones. De manera que se ha objetivado, en la medida de lo posible, los impactos que pueda causar la construcción del parque en cada emplazamiento, y se han comparado en igualdad de criterios para obtener la opción más favorable medio-ambientalmente. Una vez obtenidos todos los resultados, se han realizado dos matrices multicriterio, una que favorece a las opciones con mayor rentabilidad frente a los resultados del Estudio de Impacto Ambiental, y otra que da mayor importancia a los criterios ambientales. En ambos casos se ha hecho hincapié en el impacto sobre el empleo por encontrarse los emplazamientos en una provincia con altas tasas de desempleo.Mena Jiménez, M. (2016). Dimensionado de un parque de energía eólica, estudio de viabilidad económica y estudio de Impacto Ambiental. Aplicación la provincia de Teruel. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/66852.Archivo delegad

Delay Discounting in Gambling Disorder: Implications in Treatment Outcome

Impulsive choice, measured by delay discounting (DD) tasks, has been shown in patients with gambling disorders (GD). However, the impact of DD and treatment outcome has been scarcely explored in GD patients. The aims of this study were: (1) to examine the baseline association between DD and clinical variables in GD patients depending on their age and gambling preferences (strategic vs. non-strategic); and (2) to estimate the predictive role of DD on poorer outcomes of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) when considering also the effect of other clinical variables. 133 treatment-seeking male GD patients were evaluated at baseline with a DD task and measures of GD severity, personality traits and psychopathology. Treatment outcome was measured in terms of dropout from CBT and relapses. Results showed baseline associations between DD and GD severity (correlation coefficient R = 0.408 among strategic gamblers and R = 0.279 among mixed gamblers) and between DD and positive/negative urgency (R = 0.330 for the youngest patients, R = 0.244 for middle age, and around R = 0.35 for gamblers who reported preferences for strategic games). Other personality traits such as high harm avoidance and low cooperativeness were also related to DD at baseline (R = 0.606 among strategic gamblers). Regarding treatment outcome, a steeper discount rate predicted a higher risk of relapses in strategic gamblers (odds ratio OR = 3.01) and middle-age ones (OR = 1.59), and a higher risk of dropout in younger gamblers (OR = 1.89), non-strategic gamblers (OR = 1.70) and mixed gamblers (R = 4.74). GD severity mediated the associations between age, DD, personality traits and poor CBT outcome. In conclusion, impulsive choice affects treatment response in individuals with GD and may interfere with it to a significant extent. Considering DD in GD, patients seeking treatment could help control its impact on treatment adherence and relapses

Prevalence of Neuropathic Component in Post-COVID Pain Symptoms in Previously Hospitalized COVID-19 Survivors

Objectives. To investigate the prevalence of neuropathic pain symptoms and to analyze the correlation between neuropathic symptoms with pain-related, psychological, and cognitive variables in COVID-19 survivors exhibiting ?de novo? post-COVID pain. Methods. Seventy-seven (n?=?77) previously hospitalized COVID-19 survivors presenting with post-COVID pain completed demographic (such as age, height, and weight), pain-related (the duration and intensity of pain), psychological (depressive/anxiety levels), and cognitive (catastrophizing and kinesiophobia) variables. The Self-Report Leeds Assessment of Neuropathic Symptoms and Signs (S-LANSS) questionnaire was also assessed. After conducting multivariable correlation analyses, a stepwise multiple linear regression model was performed to identify S-LANSS predictors. Results. Participants were assessed a mean of 6.0 (SD 0.8) months after hospital discharge. Nineteen (24.6%) exhibited neuropathic pain symptoms (S-LANSS score?12 points). The S-LANSS score was positively associated with the duration of post-COVID pain (r: 0.262), anxiety levels (r: 0.275), and kinesiophobia level (r: 0.291) (all, ?<?0.05). The stepwise regression analysis revealed that 12.8% of the S-LANSS variance was just explained by kinesiophobia. Conclusion. This study found that almost 25% of previously hospitalized COVID-19 survivors with ?de novo? post-COVID pain reported a neuropathic pain component. The presence of neuropathic pain symptomatology was associated with more anxiety and kinesiophobia, but only kinesiophobia level was significantly associated explaining 12.8% of the variance of the S-LANSS score.Acknowledgments: This work was supported by Fundación Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL) (NVAL21/26)

e-Estesia: A Serious Game for Reducing Arousal, Improving Emotional Regulation and Increasing Wellbeing in Individuals with Gambling Disorder

Gambling disorder (GD) is associated with deficits in emotion regulation and impulsivity-related personality traits. In recent years there has been an increase in the use of serious games (SG) to address these factors with positive results. The aim of this study was to analyze the efficacy of the intervention with a new SG (e-Estesia), as an adjunct to a CBT intervention for GD. The sample comprised two groups (experimental group (n = 40) and control group (n = 64)) of patients with GD diagnosis. Both groups received 16 weekly CBT sessions and, concurrently, only the experimental group received 15 additional sessions with e-Estesia. Pre-post treatment with e-Estesia administered in both groups were: DSM-5 Criteria, South Oaks Gambling Screen, Symptom Checklist-Revised and measure of relapses, dropout and compliance of treatment. As regards the experimental group were also administered: Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale, Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, and Impulsive Behavior Scale. No statistically significant differences in the general psychopathological state, emotion regulation or impulsivity were found when comparing the groups. However, patients enrolled in the e-Estesia intervention had significantly less relapses and better indicators of treatment compliance than the control group. Considering these results, the use of complementary tools such as SG are useful for addressing GD

Fully porous GaN p-n junctions fabricated by Chemical Vapor Deposition: a green technology towards more efficient LEDs

Producción CientíficaPorous GaN based LEDs produced by corrosion etching techniques demonstrated enhanced light extraction efficiency in the past. However, these fabrication techniques require further postgrown processing steps, which increase the price of the final system. In this paper, we review the process followed towards the fabrication of fully porous GaN p-n junctions directly during the growth step, using a sequential chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process to produce the different layers that form the p-n junction.Junta de Castilla y León (programa de apoyo a proyectos de investigación – Ref. VA302U13

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Plus a Serious Game as a Complementary Tool for a Patient With Parkinson Disease and Impulse Control Disorder: Case Report

Background: Impulse control disorders (ICDs) are commonly developed among patients who take dopamine agonist drugs as a treatment for Parkinson disease (PD). Gambling disorder and hypersexuality are more frequent in male patients with PD, with a prevalence over 4% in dopamine agonists users. Although impulsive-compulsive behaviors are related to antiparkinsonian medication, and even though ICD symptomatology, such as hypersexuality, often subsides when the dopaminergic dose is reduced, sometimes ICD persists in spite of drug adjustment. Consequently, a multidisciplinary approach should be considered to address these comorbidities and to explore new forms of complementary interventions, such as serious games or therapies adapted to PD. Objective: The aim of this study is to present the case of a patient with ICD (ie, hypersexuality) triggered by dopaminergic medication for PD. A combined intervention was carried out using cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for ICD adapted to PD, plus an intervention using a serious game-e-Estesia-whose objective is to improve emotion regulation and impulsivity. The aim of the combination of these interventions was to reduce the harm of the disease. Methods: After 20 CBT sessions, the patient received the e-Estesia intervention over 15 sessions. Repeated measures, before and after the combined intervention, were administered to assess emotion regulation, general psychopathology, and emotional distress and impulsivity. Results: After the intervention with CBT techniques and e-Estesia, the patient presented fewer difficulties to regulate emotion, less emotional distress, and lower levels of impulsivity in comparison to before the treatment. Moreover, the frequency and severity of the relapses also decreased. Conclusions: The combined intervention-CBT and a serious game-showed positive results in terms of treatment outcomes

Comparación del estado de ánimo en estudiantes de Educación Física: efecto de dos modelos de enseñanza

The main objective of this study was to analyze the acute effect of two teaching models on mood in university students. The sample used is made up of 112 students of the Degree in Physical Activity and Sport Sciences. The Profile of Mood States Questionnaire (Profile of Mood States) by McNair, Lorr and Droppleman (1971) was used in its adaptation to Spanish. Two sessions were conducted, a traditional one based on direct instruction (DI) and an alternative (AL) one based on search and discovery. The traditional model increased all negative factors with significant differences (p£0,05), while the alternative model improved positive mood. By gender, the effect of the teaching model on mood is different, and it does so with significant differences (p£0,05). The alternative model would be the most suitable for improving the positive of student’s mood.El objetivo principal de este estudio fue analizar el efecto agudo que tienen dos modelos de enseñanza sobre el estado de ánimo en alumnos universitarios. La muestra estuvo formada por 112 estudiantes del Grado en Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte. Se utilizó el Cuestionario de Perfil de los Estados de Ánimo (Profile of Mood States) de McNair, Lorr y Droppleman (1971) en su adaptación al español. Se realizaron dos sesiones, una tradicional basada en la instrucción directa (ID) y otra alternativa (AL) basado en la búsqueda y el descubrimiento. El modelo tradicional aumenta todos los factores negativos con diferencias significativas (p£0,05), mientras que el modelo alternativo mejora el estado de ánimo positivo. Por géneros, el efecto del modelo de enseñanza sobre el estado de ánimo es distinto, además lo hace con diferencias significativas (p£0,05). Por lo tanto, el modelo alternativo sería el más adecuado para la mejorar el estado de ánimo positivo de los alumnos

Cervicofacial necrotizing fasciitis of odontogenic origin

Introducción: la fascitis necrotizante es una infección bacteriana, rara, destructiva y rápidamente progresiva de los tejidos subcutáneos y la fascia superficial que en los estadios más avanzados involucra la piel y está asociada a altos índices de morbilidad y mortalidad.Objetivos: describir la fascitis necrotizante cervicofacial de origen odontogénico y sus principales causas y factores predisponentes.Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, transversal en el Hospital General de Benguela, Angola, de abril de 2014 a abril de 2016. Se estudió toda la población, constituida por 77 pacientes que fueron atendidos en este centro con diagnóstico de fascitis necrotizante cervicofacial odontogénica. Las variables de estudio fueron el sexo, los grupos de edad, los factores predisponentes, los tratamientos ambulatorios, la hemoglobina al ingreso, el foco infeccioso dental y las características clínicas. Se emplearon estadígrafos descriptivos. La información se extrajo de las historias clínicas. Resultados: el 73% del total de casos perteneció al sexo masculino, hubo 12 pacientes con enfermedades sistémicas que desarrollaron una fascitis necrotizante cervicofacial, los antiinflamatorios no esteroideos se usaron en el 94,8% de los enfermos, se constató hemoglobina baja en el 88,3% de los casos y el 80% de los pacientes arribaron al centro hospitalario con enfermedad avanzada. Conclusiones: la principal causa de la fascitis necrotizante cervicofacial fueron los focos sépticos de origen dentario. Esta enfermedad está relacionada a procesos simples que no recibieron un tratamiento adecuado en la comunidad.Introduction: necrotizing fasciitis is a rare, destructive and rapidly progressive bacterial infection of the subcutaneous tissues and superficial fascia that in the most advanced stages involves the skin and is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates.Objectives: to describe cervicofacial necrotizing fasciitis of odontogenic origin and its main causes and predisposing factors.Methods: an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, descriptive study was carried out in the General Hospital of Benguela, Angola, from April 2014 to April 2016. The entire population was studied, which consisted by 77 patients who were assisted in this center with a diagnosis of cervicofacial odontogenic necrotizing necrotizing cervicofacial fasciitis. The study variables were sex, age groups, predisposing factors, outpatient treatment, hemoglobin on admission, dental infectious focus and clinical characteristics. Descriptive statistics were used. The information was extracted from the medical records. Results: 73% of all cases were male, 12 patients with systemic diseases developed cervicofacial necrotizing fasciitis, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were used in 94.8% of patients, hemoglobin was low in 88.3% of cases and 80% of patients arrived at the hospital with advanced disease. Conclusions: the main cause of cervicofacial necrotizing fasciitis was septic foci of dental origin. This disease is related to simple processes that were not adequately treated in the community

Diversity of HLA Class I and Class II blocks and conserved extended haplotypes in Lacandon Mayans.

Here we studied HLA blocks and haplotypes in a group of 218 Lacandon Maya Native American using a high-resolution next generation sequencing (NGS) method. We assessed the genetic diversity of HLA class I and class II in this population, and determined the most probable ancestry of Lacandon Maya HLA class I and class II haplotypes. Importantly, this Native American group showed a high degree of both HLA homozygosity and linkage disequilibrium across the HLA region and also lower class II HLA allelic diversity than most previously reported populations (including other Native American groups). Distinctive alleles present in the Lacandon population include HLA-A*24:14 and HLA-B*40:08. Furthermore, in Lacandons we observed a high frequency of haplotypes containing the allele HLA-DRB1*04:11, a relatively frequent allele in comparison with other neighboring indigenous groups. The specific demographic history of the Lacandon population including inbreeding, as well as pathogen selection, may have elevated the frequencies of a small number of HLA class II alleles and DNA blocks. To assess the possible role of different selective pressures in determining Native American HLA diversity, we evaluated the relationship between genetic diversity at HLA-A, HLA-B and HLA-DRB1 and pathogen richness for a global dataset and for Native American populations alone. In keeping with previous studies of such relationships we included distance from Africa as a covariate. After correction for multiple comparisons we did not find any significant relationship between pathogen diversity and HLA genetic diversity (as measured by polymorphism information content) in either our global dataset or the Native American subset of the dataset. We found the expected negative relationship between genetic diversity and distance from Africa in the global dataset, but no relationship between HLA genetic diversity and distance from Africa when Native American populations were considered alone

Initiatives and facilities for E&T in the nuclear science and technology master at UPM

The present Master/Doctorate in Nuclear Science and Technology programme implemented in the Department of Nuclear Engineering of the Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (NED-UPM) has the excellence qualification by the Spanish Ministry of Education. One of the main of this programme is the training for the development of methodologies of simulation, design and advanced analysis, including experimental tools, necessary in research and in professional work in the nuclear field