Férriz y Cabrero, el valor del legado fotográfico

[EN] The increasing interest in researching and analyzing the relatonships between architecture and prohotgraphy can be approached from general perspectives or making assumptions, but also we can study it from specific case studies. In this time, we are faced with the paper prints from the Francisco de Asís Cabrero’s own archive and the original negatives of the photographer Jesús García Férriz. The reviewing of this unpublished material which resulted from the collaboration between the architect and the photographer, barely known to date, open the path to develop the synergies between architecture and photography that endorse and support a particular status coherent with the role played by the image of architecture in its growth and media, historiographical and disciplinary transmission.[ES] El creciente interés por investigar y analizar las relaciones entre arquitectura y fotografía puede abordarse desde enfoques generales o dimensiones más especulativas, pero también desde casos de estudio específicios. En esta ocasión, nos encontramos frente al análisis directo de las imágenes que componen el archivo fotográfico de Francisco de Asís Cabrero, y a los negativos originales del que fuera su fotógrafo de Cabecera, Jesús García Férriz. La revisión de este material inédito, fruto de la relación entre el arquitecto y el fotógrafo, prácticamente desconocido hasta la fecha, abre el camino al estudio de las sinergias entre ambos y el valor de las imágenes, de este modo se profundiza en el papel que estas tuvieron en la gestación y difusión mediática, historiográfica y disciplinar de la arquitectura.Jiménez Izquierdo, C. (2018). Férriz y Cabrero, el valor del legado fotográfico. En I Congreso Internacional sobre fotografía. Nuevas propuestas en investigación y docencia de la fotografía. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 37-45. https://doi.org/10.4995/CIFo17.2017.6706OCS374

Construcción visual de una arquitectura: El diálogo entre Cabrero y Férriz

When Francisco Cabrero’s architecture met Jesús García Ferriz’s photography, it encountered a tool for dissemination and thought. Férriz’s photographs present Cabrero’s architecture through the most suggestive perspective, the most precise angle and the most representative detail, to produce a form of reception and visual perception that allows us to observe each work with different eyes. One of the consequences of this dialogue is the parallel creative evolution of Cabrero and Férriz over the space of three fruitful decades towards a gradual abstraction and technical refinement in both media. In addition to putting forward this argument, the aim of the article is to reflect on the role of images and visual thinking within the modes of production, reception and observation of architecture, in this case within the context of Spanish architectural culture. Given the visual nature of architecture, the critical analysis of the meaning and knowledge about images, an essential issue in the current debate on visual culture, becomes essential in the development of a thought that requires seeing phenomena and determining the function of the iconic in the present day.Cuando la arquitectura de Francisco Cabrero descubrió la fotografía de Jesús García Férriz encontró en ella una herramienta de difusión pero también de pensamiento. Las fotografías de Férriz presentan la arquitectura de Cabrero a través de la perspectiva más sugerente, el ángulo más preciso o el detalle más representativo, para construir un modo de recepción y percepción visual que nos permite observar cada una de las obras con otros ojos. Una de las consecuencias de este encuentro es la evolución creativa en paralelo de Cabrero y Férriz durante tres fructíferas décadas hacia una gradual abstracción y depuración técnica en ambos medios. Además de argumentar este hecho, la intención del artículo es reflexionar acerca del papel de las imágenes y el pensamiento visual dentro de los modos de producción, recepción y observación de la arquitectura, en este caso en el marco de la cultura arquitectónica española. Dada la naturaleza visual de la arquitectura, el análisis crítico de las formas de significado o conocimiento en torno a las imágenes, tema esencial en el debate actual sobre la Cultura Visual, resulta clave en el desarrollo de un pensamiento que exige saber ver los fenómenos y determinar el sentido de lo icónico en la actualidad

Cabrero y Férriz. Una mirada a la modernidad arquitectónica a través de la fotografía

El estudio de la fotografía como medio de investigación permite acceder a un conocimiento fundamental que refuerza las reflexiones teóricas y críticas de la arquitectura. El papel que el fotógrafo especializado desempeñó en el discurso visual y, en concreto, en el discurso arquitectónico moderno, fue determinante para la historia de la arquitectura. Este fue quien ideó y dio forma a la imágenes que, poco a poco, ganaron protagonismo frente al texto en las páginas de las publicaciones especializadas. Estas imágenes pusieron al alcance de los arquitectos las obras que, tanto dentro como fuera de nuestras fronteras, se estaban creando. A través de un nuevo modo de mostrar la arquitectura se contribuyó a escribir la historia del nuevo discurso arquitectónico moderno.Esta investigación se centra en valorar el papel que desempeñó en esta transformación arquitectónica el trabajo del fotógrafo Férriz, sin duda uno de los principales exponentes de la fotografía de arquitectura moderna en España. Su figura ha permanecido en el anonimato durante años, oculto quizás tras la fama de otros colegas o debido incluso a la notoriedad de alguna de sus propias fotografías. Su relación, casi exclusiva, con Francisco de Asís Cabrero, uno de los principales representantes de la consolidación de la arquitectura moderna en España, es un caso de estudio paradigmático de las relaciones entre arquitecto y fotógrafo, convirtiéndose así en una oportunidad idónea para ejemplificar la importancia de la fotografía en el devenir de la arquitectura moderna en España.Jesús García Férriz fue el profesional que comprometido con su trabajo y con la arquitectura que retrató, creó imágenes que coincidieron plenamente con el nuevo y formado modelo de narrativa visual arquitectónica. Estas fotografías se convirtieron en pilares fundamentales que soportaron el discurso arquitectónico de la trayectoria de Francisco de Asís Cabrero en el contexto historiográfico de la modernidad.<br /

Immediate effects of dry needling on the autonomic nervous system and mechanical hyperalgesia: a randomized controlled trial

Background: Dry needling (DN) is often used for the treatment of muscle pain among physiotherapists. However, little is known about the mechanisms of action by which its effects are generated. The aim of this randomized controlled trial was to determine if the use of DN in healthy subjects activates the sympathetic nervous system, thus resulting in a decrease in pain caused by stress. Methods: Sixty-five healthy volunteer subjects were recruited from the University of Alcala, Madrid, Spain, with an age of 27.78 (SD = 8.41) years. The participants were randomly assigned to participate in a group with deep DN in the adductor pollicis muscle or a placebo needling group. The autonomic nervous system was evaluated, in addition to local and remote mechanical hyperalgesia. Results: In a comparison of the moment at which the needling intervention was carried out with the baseline, the heart rate of the dry needling group significantly increased by 20.60% (SE = 2.88), whereas that of the placebo group increased by 5.33% (SE = 2.32) (p = 0.001, d = 1.02). The pressure pain threshold showed significant differences between both groups, being significantly higher in the needling group (adductor muscle p = 0.001; d = 0.85; anterior tibialis muscle p = 0.022, d = 0.58). Conclusions: This work appears to indicate that dry needling produces an immediate activation in the sympathetic nervous system, improving local and distant mechanical hyperalgesia

Caffeine Health Claims on Sports Supplement Labeling. Analytical Assessment According to EFSA Scientific Opinion and International Evidence and Criteria

Caffeine is a food supplement widely consumed by athletes, but it has not been established. So far, the veracity of their labeling in terms of the dosage and cause/effect relationship aimed at the consumer. The aim is to analyze the health claims and the dosage presented on the labeling of caffeine supplements and to evaluate if they follow the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) and international criteria. A descriptive cross-sectional study of a sample of caffeine supplements was carried out. The search was done through the Amazon and Google Shopping web portals. In order to assess the adequacy of the health claims, the guidelines of reference established by European Food Safety Authority were compared to the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, International Olympic Committee, and Australian Institute of Sport guidelines; in addition, recent systematic reviews were addressed. A review of labels of 42 caffeine supplements showed that, in less than 3% of the products were the health claims supported by the recommendations and by the labeled quantity of caffeine. The claims that fully complied the recommendations were, “improves or increases endurance performance”, “improves strength performance”, or “improves short-term performance”. In most cases, the recommended dosage was 200 mg/day for these products, which is the minimum for the caffeine effects to be declared. The rest of the health claims were not adequate or need to be modified. Most of the health claims identified indicated an unproven cause and effect, which constitutes consumer fraud, and so must be modified or eliminated

Longer intervals between SARS-CoV-2 infection and mRNA-1273 doses improve the neutralization of different variants of concern

The humoral immune response against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants of concern elicited by vaccination was evaluated in COVID-19 recovered individuals (Rec) separated 1-3 months (Rec2m) or 4-12 months (Rec9m) postinfection and compared to the response in naïve participants. Antibody-mediated immune responses were assessed in 66 participants by three commercial immunoassays and a SARS-CoV-2 lentiviral-based pseudovirus neutralization assay. Immunoglobulin (Ig) levels against SARS-CoV-2 spike were lower in naïve participants after two doses than in Rec after a single dose (p < 0.05). After two doses in Rec, levels of total Ig to receptor-binding domain were significantly increased in Rec9m compared to Rec2m (p < 0.001). The neutralizing potency observed in Rec9m was consistently higher than in Rec2m against variants of concern (VOCs) Alpha, Beta, Delta, and BA.1 sublineage of Omicron with 2.2-2.8-fold increases. Increasing the interval between SARS-CoV-2 infection and the vaccination with messenger RNA-based vaccines to more than 3 months generates a more efficient heterologous humoral immune response against VOCs by allowing enough time to mount a strong recall memory B cell response.This work is funded by Instituto de Salud Carlos III, a Spanish public body assigned to the Ministry of Science and Innovation that manages and promotes public clinical research related to Public Health, by Grants PI19CIII/00004 (José Alcamí and Francisco Díez‐Fuertes) and PI21CIII/00025 (Javier García‐Pérez and Mayte Pérez‐Olmeda), COVID‐19 Fund (Grants COV20/00679 (Javier García‐Pérez, Mayte Pérez‐Olmeda, José Alcamí, and Francisco Díez‐Fuertes) and COV20/00072 (Javier García‐Pérez, Mayte Pérez‐Olmeda, Almudena Ramírez‐García, María Castillo de la Osa, Rocio Layunta Acero, Laura Vicente‐Izquierdo, Cristina Avendaño‐Solá, and José Alcamí), and CIBERINFEC, co‐financed by the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER) “A way to make Europe.”S

Single versus tandem autologous stem-cell transplantation in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma and high-risk cytogenetics. A retrospective, open-label study of the PETHEMA/Spanish Myeloma Group (GEM)

Tandem ASCT has been suggested as a valid approach to improve the prognosis of patients with MM and HR cytogenetic. In this observational, retrospective study, 213 patients with newly diagnosed MM and HR cytogenetic in 35 hospitals from the Spanish Myeloma Group underwent single or tandem ASCT between January 2015 and December 2019 after induction with VTD/VRD. HR cytogenetic was defined as having ≥1 of the following: del17p, t(4;14), t(14;16) or gain 1q21. More patients in the tandem group had R-ISS 3 and >1 cytogenetic abnormality at diagnosis. With a median follow-up of 31 months (range, 10–82), PFS after single ASCT was 41 months versus 48 months with tandem ASCT (p = 0.33). PFS in patients with del17p undergoing single ASCT was 41 months, while 52% of patients undergoing tandem ASCT were alive and disease free at 48 months. In conclusion, tandem ASCT partly overcomes the bad prognosis of HR cytogenetic

Combined Immune Defect in B-Cell Lymphoproliferative Disorders Is Associated with Severe Infection and Cancer Progression

This research received no external funding. K.G.-H is supported by The European Social Fund (ESF) through a Río Ortega Grant for Health Research Projects by the Carlos III Health Institute (ISCIII) (CM20/00098).B cell chronic lymphoproliferative diseases (B-CLPD) are associated with secondary antibody deficiency and other innate and adaptive immune defects, whose impact on infectious risk has not been systematically addressed. We performed an immunological analysis of a cohort of 83 B-CLPD patients with recurrent and/or severe infections to ascertain the clinical relevance of the immune deficiency expression. B-cell defects were present in all patients. Patients with combined immune defect had a 3.69-fold higher risk for severe infection (p = 0.001) than those with predominantly antibody defect. Interestingly, by Kaplan–Meier analysis, combined immune defect showed an earlier progression of cancer with a hazard ratio of 3.21, than predominantly antibody defect (p = 0.005). When B-CLPD were classified in low-degree, high-degree, and plasma cell dyscrasias, risk of severe disease and cancer progression significantly diverged in combined immune defect, compared with predominantly antibody defect (p = 0.001). Remarkably, an underlying primary immunodeficiency (PID) was suspected in 12 patients (14%), due to prior history of infections, autoimmune and granulomatous conditions, atypical or variegated course and compatible biological data. This first proposed SID classification might have relevant clinical implications, in terms of predicting severe infections and cancer progression, and might be applied to different B-CLPD entities.Depto. de Inmunología, Oftalmología y ORLFac. de MedicinaTRUEpu

Discovery and validation of an NMR-based metabolomic profile in urine as TB biomarker

Despite efforts to improve tuberculosis (TB) detection, limitations in access, quality and timeliness of diagnostic services in low- and middle-income countries are challenging for current TB diagnostics. This study aimed to identify and characterise a metabolic profile of TB in urine by high-field nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrometry and assess whether the TB metabolic profile is also detected by a low-field benchtop NMR spectrometer. We included 189 patients with tuberculosis, 42 patients with pneumococcal pneumonia, 61 individuals infected with latent tuberculosis and 40 uninfected individuals. We acquired the urine spectra from high and low-field NMR. We characterised a TB metabolic fingerprint from the Principal Component Analysis. We developed a classification model from the Partial Least Squares-Discriminant Analysis and evaluated its performance. We identified a metabolic fingerprint of 31 chemical shift regions assigned to eight metabolites (aminoadipic acid, citrate, creatine, creatinine, glucose, mannitol, phenylalanine, and hippurate). The model developed using low-field NMR urine spectra correctly classified 87.32%, 85.21% and 100% of the TB patients compared to pneumococcal pneumonia patients, LTBI and uninfected individuals, respectively. The model validation correctly classified 84.10% of the TB patients. We have identified and characterised a metabolic profile of TB in urine from a high-field NMR spectrometer and have also detected it using a low-field benchtop NMR spectrometer. The models developed from the metabolic profile of TB identified by both NMR technologies were able to discriminate TB patients from the rest of the study groups and the results were not influenced by anti-TB treatment or TB location. This provides a new approach in the search for possible biomarkers for the diagnosis of TB

Antibody conversion rates to SARS-CoV-2 in saliva from children attending summer schools in Barcelona, Spain.

Background: Surveillance tools to estimate viral transmission dynamics in young populations are essential to guide recommendations for school opening and management during viral epidemics. Ideally, sensitive techniques are required to detect low viral load exposures among asymptomatic children. We aimed to estimate SARS-CoV-2 infection rates in children and adult populations in a school-like environment during the initial COVID-19 pandemic waves using an antibody-based field-deployable and non-invasive approach. Methods: Saliva antibody conversion defined as ≥ 4-fold increase in IgM, IgA, and/or IgG levels to five SARS-CoV-2 antigens including spike and nucleocapsid constructs was evaluated in 1509 children and 396 adults by high-throughput Luminex assays in samples collected weekly in 22 summer schools and 2 pre-schools in 27 venues in Barcelona, Spain, from June 29th to July 31st, 2020. Results: Saliva antibody conversion between two visits over a 5-week period was 3.22% (49/1518) or 2.36% if accounting for potentially cross-reactive antibodies, six times higher than the cumulative infection rate (0.53%) assessed by weekly saliva RT-PCR screening. IgG conversion was higher in adults (2.94%, 11/374) than children (1.31%, 15/1144) (p=0.035), IgG and IgA levels moderately increased with age, and antibodies were higher in females. Most antibody converters increased both IgG and IgA antibodies but some augmented either IgG or IgA, with a faster decay over time for IgA than IgG. Nucleocapsid rather than spike was the main antigen target. Anti-spike antibodies were significantly higher in individuals not reporting symptoms than symptomatic individuals, suggesting a protective role against COVID-19. Conclusion: Saliva antibody profiling including three isotypes and multiplexing antigens is a useful and user-friendlier tool for screening pediatric populations to detect low viral load exposures among children, particularly while they are not vaccinated and vulnerable to highly contagious variants, and to recommend public health policies during pandemics