Capacidades para a paz no pós conflito: uma análise desde quatro tipologias de organizações sociais e comunitárias

This article deals with community and social capa­bilities for peace, derived from the investigation “Enforcement of Institutional Management of Te­rritory Entities Regarding Civic Security and Coe­xistence in the Post-conflict” carried away during 2015 in 35 municipalities of six departments (Meta, Guaviare, Nariño, Cauca, Arauca, Norte de Santan­der and Boyacá). Such areas are presumably been highly affected by the implementation of the ac­cords reached after the Peace Process between the Government and FARC-EP.Este artículo reflexiona sobre capacidades co­munitarias y sociales para la paz derivadas de la investigación “Fortalecimiento de la gestión insti­tucional de las entidades territoriales en materia de seguridad y convivencia ciudadana en el marco del postconflicto”, desarrollada durante 2015 en 35 municipios de seis departamentos (Meta, Gua­viare, Nariño, Cauca, Arauca, Norte de Santander y Boyacá) en los que -se presume- tendrá un fuerte impacto la implementación de los acuerdos de paz entre el Gobierno Nacional y las FARC-EP.Este artigo reflexiona sobre capacidades comu­nitárias e sociais para a paz derivadas da inves­tigação “Fortalecimento do gerenciamento insti­tucional das entidades territoriais em matéria de segurança e convivência cidadã no marco do pós conflito”, desenvolvida durante 2015 em 35 muni­cípios de seis departamentos (Meta, Guaviare, Na­riño, Cauca, Arauca, Norte de Santander e Boyacá) nos que -se presume- terá um forte impacto a im­plementação dos acordos de paz entre o Governo Nacional e as FARC-EP

Validación de la escala de engagement y efectos de la gamificación en el e-Commerce español

En este artículo presentamos la Escala de Engagement de Usuario (UES) como un instrumento válido y fiable para medir el engagement en el e-commerce español. Una vez confirmada su robustez, pretendemos comprobar si los elementos de Gamificación que se incluyen en la actualidad en sitios web de e-commerce influyen en el engagement del usuario. Se desarrollará un marco teórico sobre la escala del engagement y la Gamificación proponiendo un modelo de investigación. La UES será validada mediante el análisis exploratorio y confirmatorio, viéndose reducidos los factores que la componen. La influencia de la Gamificación sobre el engagement será comprobada mediante el empleo de modelos de ecuaciones estructurales.In this paper we present the User Engagement Scale (UES) as a valid and reliable instrument to measure engagement in Spanish e-commerce. Once confirmed its robustness, we try to verify if the elements of Gamification that are currently included in e-commerce websites influence the engagement of the user. A theoretical framework will be developed on the scale of engagement and Gamification proposing a research model. The UES will be validated through the exploratory and confirmatory analysis, reducing the factors that compose it. The influence of Gamification on engagement will be verified by the use of structural equation models

A multi-start biased-randomized algorithm for the capacitated dispersion problem

The capacitated dispersion problem is a variant of the maximum diversity problem in which a set of elements in a network must be determined. These elements might represent, for instance, facilities in a logistics network or transmission devices in a telecommunication network. Usually, it is considered that each element is limited in its servicing capacity. Hence, given a set of possible locations, the capacitated dispersion problem consists of selecting a subset that maximizes the minimum distance between any pair of elements while reaching an aggregated servicing capacity. Since this servicing capacity is a highly usual constraint in real-world problems, the capacitated dispersion problem is often a more realistic approach than is the traditional maximum diversity problem. Given that the capacitated dispersion problem is an NP-hard problem, whenever large-sized instances are considered, we need to use heuristic-based algorithms to obtain high-quality solutions in reasonable computational times. Accordingly, this work proposes a multi-start biased-randomized algorithm to efficiently solve the capacitated dispersion problem. A series of computational experiments is conducted employing small-, medium-, and large-sized instances. Our results are compared with the best-known solutions reported in the literature, some of which have been proven to be optimal. Our proposed approach is proven to be highly competitive, as it achieves either optimal or near-optimal solutions and outperforms the non-optimal best-known solutions in many cases. Finally, a sensitive analysis considering different levels of the minimum aggregate capacity is performed as well to complete our study.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Dietary exposure to endocrine disruptors in gut microbiota: A systematic review

The authors thank Layla Davies-Jimenez and Richard Davies for assistance with the English version. This paper is part of Alejandro Lopez-Moro's doctoral thesis developed under the “Nutrition and Food Sciences Program” of the University of Granada. Spain.Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) can interfere with hormonal actions and have been associated with a higher incidence of metabolic disorders. They affect numerous physiological, biochemical, and endocrinal activities, including reproduction, metabolism, immunity, and behavior. The purpose of this review was to elucidate the association of EDCs in food with the gut microbiota and with metabolic disorders. EDC exposure induces changes that can lead to microbial dysbiosis. Products and by-products released by the microbial metabolism of EDCs can be taken up by the host. Changes in the composition of the microbiota and production of microbial metabolites may have a major impact on the host metabolism.Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Granada / CBUA

Las técnicas infográficas como solución en la recuperación del patrimonio industrial

Comunicación presentada a las III Jornadas Andaluzas de Patrimonio Industrial y de la Obra Pública, celebradas en Málaga, 23-25 Octubre, 2014Ante la falta de recursos económicos para realizar la recuperación física del patrimonio industrial perdido, un campo muy interesante, abierto últimamente por algunos grupos de investigación, consiste en la reconstrucción virtual tanto de edificaciones industriales como de su maquinaria, mediante técnicas infográficas y aplicaciones de diseño asistido por ordenador. Estos trabajos permiten, al menos virtualmente, disponer de una reconstrucción de ingenios tradicionales, ante la difícil tarea de su recuperación real, pudiendo servir tanto para la realización de estudios tecnológicos como para fines turísticos, formando parte de exposiciones virtuales. Si bien el uso de estas técnicas infográficas son aplicables a la recuperación virtual del patrimonio industrial de cualquier sector, en nuestro caso en concreto, las aplicaremos al estudio de molinos hidráulicos mediante el modelado de sus edificios y maquinaria con técnicas CAD 3D obteniendo una reconstrucción virtual de los mismos que nos permita conocer con precisión el sistema de molienda mediante animaciones y visita virtual por el interior de un molino hidráulico.According to the absence of economic resources for the physical recovery of lost industrial heritage, a very interesting field, recently opened by some research groups, is the virtual reconstruction of industrial buildings and machinery, using computer graphics techniques and computer assisted design applications. These works allow, at least virtually, to have a reconstruction of traditional mills, given the difficult task of real recovery, can serve for the realization of technological studies and for tourism purposes, as part of virtual exhibitions. While the use of these computer graphics techniques are applicable to virtual recovery of the industrial heritage of any sector, in our particular case, we will apply it to the study of water mills to modeling their buildings and machinery with 3D CAD techniques obtaining a virtual reconstruction of them to allow to know the milling system with animation and virtual tour of the inside of a water mill

Correlación de sobrepeso y obesidad con la presión arterial en adultos mayores en una unidad de primer nivel en Tabasco

Objetivo. Determinar la prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad en adultos mayores en la Unidad de Medicina Familiar (UMF) del Instituto de Seguridad Social del Estado de Tabasco (ISSET) y su correlación con la presión arterial. Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional, retrospectivo, analítico, transversal en 7322 adultos de 60 años o más. Se obtuvieron las mediciones de peso, talla, presiones arteriales sistólica, diastólica y media, además de diagnósticos registrados en los expedientes clínicos. Se utilizaron estadísticas descriptivas de tendencia central y se calculó el coefiiente de correlación de Pearson (r) para el índice de masa corporal con las mediciones de presión arterial y se consideraron signifiativas aquellas con una

Perception of Medical Students on the Need for End-of-Life Care: A Q-Methodology Study

End-of-life care and the limitation of therapeutic effort are among the most controversial aspects of medical practice. Many subjective factors can influence decision-making regarding these issues. The Q methodology provides a scientific basis for the systematic study of subjectivity by identifying different thought patterns. This methodology was performed to find student profiles in 143 students at Cantabria University (Spain), who will soon deal with difficult situations related to this topic. A chi-square test was used to compare proportions. We obtained three profiles: the first seeks to ensure quality of life and attaches great importance to the patient's wishes; the second prioritizes life extension above anything else; the third incorporates the economic perspective into medical decision-making. Those who had religious beliefs were mostly included in profile 2 (48.8% vs. 7.3% in profile 1 and 43.9% in profile 3), and those who considered that their beliefs did not influence their ethical principles, were mainly included in profile 3 (48.5% vs. 24.7% in profile 1 and 26.8% in profile 2). The different profiles on end-of-life care amongst medical students are influenced by personal factors. Increasing the clinical experience of students with terminally ill patients would contribute to the development of knowledge-based opinion profiles and would avoid reliance on personal experiences.Funding: This research received a grant from the Spanish Minister of Education (Beca de colaboración

Exploiting ambipolarity in graphene field-effect transistors for novel designs on high-frequency analog electronics

This work was funded by FEDER/Junta de Andalucía-Consejería de Transformación Económica, Industria, Conocimiento y Universidades through the Projects A-TIC-646-UGR20, B-RNM-375-UGR18 and P20_00633; by Junta de Andalucía-Consejería de Universidad, Investigación e Innovación under ENERGHENE Project No. P21_00149; and by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 through the projects PID2020- 116518GB-I00 and PID2021-127840NB-I00 (MCIN/AEI/FEDER, UE). The authors also acknowledge the support by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Framework Programme for Research and Innovation through the Project GrapheneCore3 under Grant Agreement No. 881603. F.P. acknowledges funding from PAIDI 2020 – European Social Fund Operational Programme 2014–2020 No. 20804. A.M. acknowledges the support of the MCIN/AEI/PTA grant, with reference PTA2020-018250-I. M.C.P. acknowledges the FPU program with reference FPU21/04904. A.P.-S. acknowledges the support from Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades under Grant Agreement No. FJC2020-046213-I. E.R.-G. acknowledges the support from IPN Contract No. SIP/20230362. Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Granada / CBUA.Exploiting ambipolar electrical conductivity based on graphene field-effect transistors has raised enormous interest for high-frequency (HF) analog electronics. Controlling the device polarity, by biasing the graphene transistor around the vertex of the V-shaped transfer curve, enables to redesign and highly simplify conventional analog circuits, and simultaneously to seek for multifunctionalities, especially in the HF domain. This study presents new insights for the design of different HF applications such as power amplifiers, mixers, frequency multipliers, phase shifters, and modulators that specifically leverage the inherent ambipolarity of graphene-based transistors.FEDER/Junta de Andalucía-Consejería de Transformación Económica, Industria, Conocimiento y Universidades through the Projects A-TIC-646-UGR20, B-RNM-375-UGR18 and P20_00633Junta de Andalucía-Consejería de Universidad, Investigación e Innovación under ENERGHENE Project No. P21_00149MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 through the projects PID2020- 116518GB-I00 and PID2021-127840NB-I00 (MCIN/AEI/FEDER, UE)European Union’s Horizon 2020 Framework Programme for Research and Innovation through the Project GrapheneCore3 under Grant Agreement No. 881603PAIDI 2020 – European Social Fund Operational Programme 2014–2020 No. 20804MCIN/AEI/PTA grant, with reference PTA2020-018250-IFPU21/04904Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades under Grant Agreement No. FJC2020-046213-IIPN Contract No. SIP/20230362Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Granada / CBU

Fungal and ciliate protozoa are the main rumen microbes associated with methane emissions in dairy cattle

14 Pág. Departamento de Mejora Genetica AnimalMitigating the effects of global warming has become the main challenge for humanity in recent decades. Livestock farming contributes to greenhouse gas emissions, with an important output of methane from enteric fermentation processes, mostly in ruminants. Because ruminal microbiota is directly involved in digestive fermentation processes and methane biosynthesis, understanding the ecological relationships between rumen microorganisms and their active metabolic pathways is essential for reducing emissions. This study analysed whole rumen metagenome using long reads and considering its compositional nature in order to disentangle the role of rumen microbes in methane emissions.This research was financed by RTA2015-00022-C03-02 (METALGEN) project from the National Plan of Research, Development and Innovation 2013–2020 and the Department of Economic Development and Competitiveness (Madrid, Spain). A.L.G. was funded by FPI-INIA grant with reference FPI-SGIT2016-06.Peer reviewe