Educación para el emprendimiento: situación actual y perspectivas de futuro

La construcción del modelo de ciudadanía activa y participativa se encuentra supeditada a las características propias que emanan del contexto social, siendo, en la actualidad, la adaptación al cambio y la generación de oportunidades una de las más presentes. Desde el ámbito educativo y a tenor del cambio social producido, se ha de promovido desde instancias internacionales la inclusión de la competencia emprendedora dentro los currículos como factor clave que incide de forma directa en las actitudes y aptitudes para un desempeño social satisfactorio. La presente investigación hace una revisión bibliográfica sobre la situación actual de la educación para el emprendimiento con el objetivo de situar la línea temporal de su desarrollo e impacto en el ámbito educativo, así como las perspectivas de futuro.Model building active and participatory citizenship is contingent upon the characteristics emanating from the social context, being, at present, the adaptation to the change and the generation of opportunities one of the most present. From the educational point of view and according to the social change produced, it has been promoted from international instances the inclusion of entrepreneurial competence within the curricula as a key factor that has a direct impact on attitudes and skills for a satisfactory social performance. The present research makes a bibliographical review on the current situation of the education for the entrepreneurship with the objective to locate the timeline of its development and impact in the educational field, as well as future prospects

Treatment with tocilizumab or corticosteroids for COVID-19 patients with hyperinflammatory state: a multicentre cohort study (SAM-COVID-19)

Objectives: The objective of this study was to estimate the association between tocilizumab or corticosteroids and the risk of intubation or death in patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) with a hyperinflammatory state according to clinical and laboratory parameters. Methods: A cohort study was performed in 60 Spanish hospitals including 778 patients with COVID-19 and clinical and laboratory data indicative of a hyperinflammatory state. Treatment was mainly with tocilizumab, an intermediate-high dose of corticosteroids (IHDC), a pulse dose of corticosteroids (PDC), combination therapy, or no treatment. Primary outcome was intubation or death; follow-up was 21 days. Propensity score-adjusted estimations using Cox regression (logistic regression if needed) were calculated. Propensity scores were used as confounders, matching variables and for the inverse probability of treatment weights (IPTWs). Results: In all, 88, 117, 78 and 151 patients treated with tocilizumab, IHDC, PDC, and combination therapy, respectively, were compared with 344 untreated patients. The primary endpoint occurred in 10 (11.4%), 27 (23.1%), 12 (15.4%), 40 (25.6%) and 69 (21.1%), respectively. The IPTW-based hazard ratios (odds ratio for combination therapy) for the primary endpoint were 0.32 (95%CI 0.22-0.47; p < 0.001) for tocilizumab, 0.82 (0.71-1.30; p 0.82) for IHDC, 0.61 (0.43-0.86; p 0.006) for PDC, and 1.17 (0.86-1.58; p 0.30) for combination therapy. Other applications of the propensity score provided similar results, but were not significant for PDC. Tocilizumab was also associated with lower hazard of death alone in IPTW analysis (0.07; 0.02-0.17; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Tocilizumab might be useful in COVID-19 patients with a hyperinflammatory state and should be prioritized for randomized trials in this situatio

The role of physical activity and school physical education in enhancing school satisfaction and life satisfaction

The aim of this study was to understand the role of school satisfaction on life satisfaction, according to gender, age, body mass index (BMI), and physical activity (PA) level. This was a crosssectional descriptive study, carried out on 2823 adolescents (1396 boys and 1427 girls), aged between 12 and 16. A specific questionnaire to measure life satisfaction (Brief Multidimensional Student Life Satisfaction Scale (BMSLSS)), a questionnaire to measure satisfaction with school (“Life circumstances of Young people: School”), and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) were used to analyze PA practice. Gender, age, and BMI were used as control variables. In general, the main results showed that school satisfaction had a clear role in life satisfaction. Similarly, the findings allowed us to conclude that the role of school satisfaction on life satisfaction was more evident in male school children, those who were older, or those who have a higher BMI. The regular practice of PA enhanced school satisfaction and its role on life satisfaction. Therefore, it is very important to assess the importance of school satisfaction as a determinant of quality of life and the adoption of healthy habits, recognizing the fundamental role of teachers in this regard