Design of modernization of Valašské Meziříčí Railway Station

Tématem diplomové práce je návrh modernizace železniční stanice Valašské Meziříčí. Práce zahrnuje rekonstrukci obou zhlaví a konstrukční uspořádání nástupišť pro bezpečný pohyb osob se sníženou schopností pohybu a orientace celkem se sedmi nástupními hranami. Dále se práce zabývá konstrukcí železničního svršku a spodku včetně odvodnění.The theme of this thesis is to design modernization of Valašské Meziříčí Railway Station. This thesis includes reconstruction of both station heads and the design of the platforms for the safe movement of persons with reduced mobility with seven platform edges in total. The thesis deals with the construction of the railway superstructure and substructure, including drainage.

Remedial measures in the protection of environment

In the field of environmental law, some people consider the most important provisions enforcing environmental standards. However, not only in law, it is necessary to think about situations in which the subjects do not respect the law and adjust their responsibility in the event of violation of their duties. Without adjusting the remedial measures, the restoration would only be a moral obligation. Under such circumstances, the measures would be mostly financed by the state and there would not be any possibility of regression to the originator. That is the reason, why effective remedial measures, which can be characterized as a frontier institute between prevention and sanctioning, are needed. At present, remedies can be imposed through a relatively diverse range of legislation, of which the most important should be Act No. 167/2008 Coll., On Prevention of Environmental Damage and its Remedy. Remedial measures are, however, usually imposed on the basis of constituent laws for which the imposition of sanctions and corrective measures is not linked to the occurrence of environmental damage but to a specific breach of the obligations laid down. The environmental authorities are thus proceeding also because even before the effectiveness of Act No. 167/2008 Coll. there was a relatively high level of...V odvětví práva životního prostředí považují někteří lidé za nejvýznamnější ustanovení zakotvující standardy ochrany životního prostředí. Nicméně nejen v právu je třeba myslet na situace, kdy subjekty právo nedodržují a upravovat jejich odpovědnost pro případ, že své povinnosti poruší, ať už jednáním či opomenutím. Bez úpravy nápravných opatření by totiž bylo uvedení do původního stavu pouhou morální povinností, tedy povinností nevynutitelnou. Za takových okolností by nápravu závadového stavu prováděl stát na své náklady bez jakékoli možnosti regresu vůči původci. Proto je nutná účinná úprava opatření k nápravě, jež lze charakterizovat jako hraniční institut mezi prevenční a sankční činností. V současnosti je možné uložit opatření k nápravě prostřednictvím relativně pestré škály právních předpisů, z nichž nejvýznamnějším by měl být zákon č. 167/2008 Sb., o předcházení ekologické újmě a o její nápravě. Opatření k nápravě jsou však zpravidla ukládána na základě složkových zákonů, u nichž je ukládání sankcí a nápravných opatření vázáno nikoliv na vznik ekologické újmy, ale na konkrétní porušení stanovených povinností. Orgány ochrany životního prostředí takto postupují i kvůli tomu, že i před účinností zákona č. 167/2008 Sb. byla v České republice byla ochrana životního prostředí na poměrně vysoké...Department of Environmental LawKatedra práva životního prostředíPrávnická fakultaFaculty of La

Utilization of Financial Analysis as a Tool for Investment Decisions

Tato diplomová práce na téma „Využití finanční analýzy jako nástroje investičního rozhodování“ zpracovává finanční zhodnocení hospodaření a efektivnost vybraných investičních rozhodnutí v minulých letech s využitím metod finanční analýzy. Pro tyto účely jsem zvolil sledované období od roku 2012 do roku 2018. V první části práce je pozornost věnována problematice hodnocení výkonnosti a finanční udržitelnosti z hlediska uskutečněných a plánovaných investic společnosti z teoretického základu. Součástí jsou používané metody a analýzy i s metodikou jejich výpočtu. Druhá část se zabývá jednotlivými ukazateli aplikovanými na společnost Škoda Auto a.s., se sídlem v Mladé Boleslavi, dceřinou firmu skupiny Volkswagen Group. Dále je v této části řešen přístup a rozhodování vedení firmy o investičním projektu informačního systému, které už proběhly nebo se v nejbližší době plánují a jsou navrhnuta doporučení pro zlepšení.This diploma thesis on the topic "Use of financial analysis as an instrument of investment decision-making" processes the financial evaluation of the economy and the effectiveness of selected investment decisions in the past years using methods of financial analysis. For this purpose, I chose the monitored period from 2012 to 2018. In the first part of the thesis, attention is paid to the evaluation of performance and financial sustainability in terms of implemented and planned investments of the theoretical base. The methods and analyzes used also include the methodology of their calculation. The second part deals with the individual indicators applied to Škoda Auto a.s., based in Mladá Boleslav a subsidiary of the Volkswagen Group. In addition, this section addresses the approach and decision making of the management of the company on investment projects that have already been planned or are planned in the near future, and recommendations are proposed for improving.

Microstructure and mechanical properties of sintered and heat-treated HfNbTaTiZr high entropy alloy

High entropy alloys (HEAs) have attracted researchers' interest in recent years. The aim of this work was to prepare the HfNbTaTiZr high entropy alloy via the powder metallurgy process and characterize its properties. The powder metallurgy process is a prospective solution for the synthesis of various alloys and has several advantages over arc melting (e.g., no dendritic structure, near net-shape, etc.). Cold isostatic pressing of blended elemental powders and subsequent sintering at 1400 degrees C for various time periods up to 64 h was used. Certain residual porosity, as well as bcc2 (Nb- and Ta-rich) and hcp (Zr- and Hf-rich) phases, remained in the bcc microstructure after sintering. The bcc2 phase was completely eliminated during annealing (1200 degrees C/1h) and subsequent water quenching. The hardness values of the sintered specimens ranged from 300 to 400 HV10. The grain coarsening during sintering was significantly limited and the maximum average grain diameter after 64 h of sintering was approximately 60 mu m. The compression strength at 800 degrees C was 370 MPa and decreased to 47 MPa at 1200 degrees C. Porosity can be removed during the hot deformation process, leading to an increase in hardness to similar to 450 HV10.Web of Science912art. no. 132

S&P 500 and cryptocurrency market risk measured by standard deviation, var and cvar: a comparison study

Author Jiří Málek acknowledges the financial support of Czech Science Foundation with grant Modeling the Structure and Dynamics of Energy, Commodity and Alternative Asset Prices Grant Agency of the Czech Republic. Grant number 22-19617S.VaR and CVaR are effective quantitative measurements of market risk. These measures can quantify the risk of unexpected changes within a given period. In this paper, we examine the market risk of the US stock market index S&P 500 and cryptocurrencies bitcoin and ripple. The returns of these three instruments are approximated using normal inverse Gaussian distribution and alpha stable distribution. For comparison, the normal distribution is also included. Subsequently, the VaR99 and CVaR97.5 values corresponding to four candidate distributions are calculated for these instruments. We also analyze the ability of theoretical distributions to approximate the left tail behavior of stock market index returns. It turns out that the normal distribution is not suitable for this purpose. Furthermore, it appears that CVaR97.5 is higher (in absolute value) for all indices than the corresponding VaR99 which may require higher need for economic capital which banks should allocate

The effect of processing route on properties of HfNbTaTiZr high entropy alloy

High entropy alloys (HEA) have been one of the most attractive groups of materials for researchers in the last several years. Since HEAs are potential candidates for many (e.g., refractory, cryogenic, medical) applications, their properties are studied intensively. The most frequent method of HEA synthesis is arc or induction melting. Powder metallurgy is a perspective technique of alloy synthesis and therefore in this work the possibilities of synthesis of HfNbTaTiZr HEA from powders were studied. Blended elemental powders were sintered, hot isostatically pressed, and subsequently swaged using a special technique of swaging where the sample is enveloped by a titanium alloy. This method does not result in a full density alloy due to cracking during swaging. Spark plasma sintering (SPS) of mechanically alloyed powders resulted in a fully dense but brittle specimen. The most promising result was obtained by SPS treatment of gas atomized powder with low oxygen content. The microstructure of HfNbTaTiZr specimen prepared this way can be refined by high pressure torsion deformation resulting in a high hardness of 410 HV10 and very fine microstructure with grain size well below 500 nm.Web of Science1223art. no. 402