10 research outputs found
Liver Transplantation because of Acute Liver Failure due to Heme Arginate Overdose in a Patient with Acute Intermittent Porphyria
In acute attacks of acute intermittent porphyria, the mainstay of treatment is glucose and heme arginate administration. We present the case of a 58-year-old patient with acute liver failure requiring urgent liver transplantation after erroneous 6-fold overdose of heme arginate during an acute attack. As recommended in the product information, albumin and charcoal were administered and hemodiafiltration was started, which could not prevent acute liver failure, requiring super-urgent liver transplantation after 6 days. The explanted liver showed no preexisting liver cirrhosis, but signs of subacute liver injury and starting regeneration. The patient recovered within a short time. A literature review revealed four poorly documented cases of potential hepatic and/or renal toxicity of hematin or heme arginate. This is the first published case report of acute liver failure requiring super-urgent liver transplantation after accidental heme arginate overdose. The literature and recommendations in case of heme arginate overdose are summarized. Knowledge of a potentially fatal course is important for the management of future cases. If acute liver failure in case of heme arginate overdose is progressive, super-urgent liver transplantation has to be evaluated
X-Ray Fault Injection on Power OFF devices
International audienceFor several years, electronic components have taken an increasinglyimportant place. Their security has become an important matter as theycan contain sensitive data. To assess their security new means of attackwere set up. X-ray effects on electronic devices have been studied for spaceapplications but only a few recent papers deal with the security point ofview. The state of the art shows that X-ray can easier have an effect onpower off device in contrast to other means of fault injection like laserinjection or electromagnectic waves injection.This presentation gives practical results on X-ray fault injection campaign on power off devices. We mainly focus on microcontroller embeddednon-volatile memory. This study shows that it is possible to corrupt thecontent of unpowered memories with an X-ray source. A fault model isproposed according to the results of experimental campaign. A thermalrecuperation is also highlighte
Validation and Reproducibility of the Updated French Causality Assessment Method: an Evaluation by Pharmacovigilance Centres & Pharmaceutical Companies
Objective. Assess the validity and reproducibility of the updated version of
the French causality assessment method in conditions approaching real-life use.
Methods. A random sample of 31 drug-event pairs from the French
pharmacovigilance database was assessed by the consensual judgement of three experts (gold
standard). Separately, a team from a pharmacovigilance centre (PhVC) and another from a
pharmaceutical company assessed these pairs using the current method, then with the
updated method. To test the inter- and intra-rater reproducibility, two seniors and two
juniors from a PhVC and a pharmaceutical company assessed the pairs twice with the updated
method. A weighted kappa coefficient was used to measure the agreement of the two
causality assessment methods with the consensual expert judgement (validity) as well as
the agreement of the updated causality assessment over time (intra-rater reproducibility)
and between evaluators (inter-rater reproducibility). Results. Agreement
between the current method and consensual expert judgement was fair for the PhVC team
(weighted kappa [Kw] 0.33) and moderate for the pharmaceutical company team
(Kw 0.41). For the updated method, agreement was better for both the PhVC
(Kw 0.58) and the pharmaceutical company (Kw 0.52) teams. The
inter- and intra-rater reproducibility of the updated method based on the intrinsic
imputability was satisfactory overall (Kw 0.30-0.91). Discrepancies between
evaluations from PhVC and pharmaceutical companies were observed with the updated method.
Conclusion. The updated method performed better than the current one for
drug causality assessment, suggesting that it should be used in routine
pharmacovigilance
rec. a Giuseppe Scarpat, Il pensiero religioso di Seneca e lâambiente ebraico e cristiano, Brescia, Paideia, 1977
Venomous
marine cone snails produce a unique and remarkably diverse
range of venom peptides (conotoxins and conopeptides) that have proven
to be invaluable as pharmacological probes and leads to new therapies. Conus catus is a hook-and-line fish hunter from clade
I, with âŒ20 conotoxins identified, including the analgesic
Ï-conotoxin CVID (AM336). The current study unravels the venom
composition of C. catus with tandem
mass spectrometry and 454 sequencing data. From the venom gland transcriptome,
104 precursors were recovered from 11 superfamilies, with superfamily
A (especially ÎșA-) conotoxins dominating (77%) their venom.
Proteomic analysis confirmed that ÎșA-conotoxins dominated the
predation-evoked milked venom of each of six C. catus analyzed and revealed remarkable intraspecific variation in both
the intensity and type of conotoxins. High-throughput FLIPR assays
revealed that the predation-evoked venom contained a range of conotoxins
targeting the nAChR, Ca<sub>v</sub>, and Na<sub>v</sub> ion channels,
consistent with α- and Ï-conotoxins being used for predation
by C. catus. However, the ÎșA-conotoxins
did not act at these targets but induced potent and rapid immobilization
followed by bursts of activity and finally paralysis when injected
intramuscularly in zebrafish. Our venomics approach revealed the complexity
of the envenomation strategy used by C. catus, which contains a mix of both excitatory and inhibitory venom peptides