From the eye to the hand: Pictolinguistic processes and writing in the works of Francisco Umbral

Ante el ingente legado que nos ha dejado Francisco Umbral, el investigador se pregunta cómo pudo escribir una prosa poética tan magnífica y mucho más profunda de lo que se suele pensar. Aunando las dos pasiones del autor, la escritura y la pintura, este artículo intenta remontarse a la génesis de la obra umbraliana y adentrarse en los laberintos de su cerebro en el que mano, ojo y mente interactúan para generar un trenzado de imágenes, mediante una construcción pictolingüística que le configura un estilo único, nunca superado hasta la fechaFrancisco Umbral left us an incredibly rich legacy in front of which academics keep wondering how he could write prose with such amazing poetic quality, and much more profound than one would have expected. By bringing together Umbral’s two main passions, writing and painting, this paper endeavours to trace the genesis of his works, and to wander through the labyrinth of his brain in which the eye, the hand and the mind interact, and images intertwine thanks to a pictolinguistic process that makes his style so unique, and unmatched until no

Quality control in podiatry radiology: proposed criteria for image quality and reference dose

La transposición a la legislación española de la normativa comunitaria relativa a la calidad en actos radiológicos obliga a los titulares de instalaciones de radiodiagnóstico a seguir un programa de garantía de calidad. El programa debe abarcar tanto aspectos de protección radiológica del paciente como de calidad de la imagen obtenida. Este trabajo pretende facilitar el cumplimiento de estos objetivos en las consultas podológicas, proponiendo a tal fin criterios de calidad basados en hallazgos anatómicos en las principales proyecciones podológicas, y estableciendo un valor provisional de dosis de referencia en proyección dorso– plantar de 2,2 mGy.Spanish legislation transposing the Community legislation on the quality of radiological acts obliges holders of diagnostic radiology facilities to follow a quality assurance program. The program should cover both aspects of radiation protection of patients and quality of the image obtained. This work aims to facilitate the achievement of these goals in podiatric consultation. To this goal, quality criteria based on anatomical findings are proposed for the most usual podiatric X–ray projections, and a provisional reference dose value for the dorso–plantar projection of 2,2 mGy is also proposed

Glyoxylic Acid versus Ethyl Glyoxylate for the Aqueous Enantio­selective Synthesis of α-Hydroxy-γ-Keto Acids and Esters by the N-Tosyl-(S a)-binam-l-prolinamide-Organocatalyzed Aldol Reaction

N-Tosyl-(S a)-binam-l-prolinamide is an efficient catalyst for the aqueous aldol reaction between ketones and glyoxylic acid, as the monohydrate or as an aqueous solution, or a 50% toluene solution of ethyl glyoxylate. These reactions led to the formation of chiral α-hydroxy-γ-keto carboxylic acids and esters in high levels of diastereo- and enantioselectivities (up to 97% ee), providing mainly anti aldol products. Only cyclopentanone and cyclohexane-1,4-dione afforded an almost 1:1 mixture of the syn/anti-diastereoisomers; however, the reaction between 4-phenylcyclohexanone and ethyl glyoxylate gave the corresponding syn,syn-product as the major diastereoisomer.This work was financially supported by the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (MINECO: Projects: CTQ2010-20387 and Consolider INGENIO CSD2007-0006), FEDER, the Generalitat Valenciana (Prometeo/2009/039), the University of Alicante, and the EU (ORCA action CM0905)

A Dynamic Kinetic Asymmetric Heck Reaction for the Simultaneous Generation of Central and Axial Chirality

A highly diastereo- and enantioselective, scalable Pd-catalyzed dynamic kinetic asymmetric Heck reaction of heterobiaryl sulfonates with electron-rich olefins is described. The coupling of 2,3-dihydrofuran or N-boc protected 2,3-dihydropyrrole with a variety of quinoline, quinazoline, phthalazine, and picoline derivatives takes place with simultaneous installation of central and axial chirality, reaching excellent diastereo- and enantiomeric excesses when in situ formed [Pd0/DM-BINAP] was used as the catalyst, with loadings reduced down to 2 mol % in large scale reactions. The coupling of acyclic, electron-rich alkenes can also be performed using a [Pd0/Josiphos ligand] to obtain axially chiral heterobiaryl α-substituted alkenes in high yields and enantioselectivities. Products from Boc-protected 2,3-dihydropyrrole can be easily transformed into N,N ligands or appealing axially chiral, bifunctional proline-type organocatalysts. Computational studies suggest that a β-hydride elimination is the stereocontrolling step, in agreement with the observed stereochemical outcome of the reaction.Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (Grants CTQ2016-76908-C2-1-P; CTQ2016-76908-C2-2-P; CTQ2016-78083-P; RYC-2013-12585)European Commission (FEDER Programme)Junta de Andalucía (Grant 2012/FQM 10787)Universidad de Sevilla (Grant No. 1800511201)European Union - Marie Skłodowska-Curie (COFUND—Grant Agreement nº 291780

El ojo y la mano: Construcción pictolingüística de la escritura umbraliana

Ante el ingente legado que nos ha dejado Francisco Umbral, el investigador se pregunta cómo pudo escribir una prosa poética tan magnífica y mucho más profunda de lo que se suele pensar. Aunando las dos pasiones del autor, la escritura y la pintura, este artículo intenta remontarse a la génesis de la obra umbraliana y adentrarse en los laberintos de su cerebro en el que mano, ojo y mente interactúan para generar un trenzado de imágenes, mediante una construcción pictolingüística que le configura un estilo único, nunca superado hasta la fecha.Palabras clave: Francisco Umbral, Poética, Técnica pictórica, Imagen, Ojo. AbstractFrancisco Umbral left us an incredibly rich legacy in front of which academics keep wondering how he could write prose with such amazing poetic quality, and much more profound than one would have expected. By bringing together Umbral’s two main passions, writing and painting, this paper endeavours to trace the genesis of his works, and to wander through the labyrinth of his brain in which the eye, the hand and the mind interact, and images intertwine thanks to a pictolinguistic process that makes his style so unique, and unmatched until now. Key words: Francisco Umbral, Poetics, Images, Painting, Eye. </p

Aplicación de adulticidas para el control de Aedes albopictus

Debido a la importancia sanitaria y a las molestias causadas por el mosquito invasor Aedes albopictus, se ha de promover su control, siendo el Control Integrado de Vectores (CIV) el enfoque más racional para conseguirlo. Los tratamientos adulticidas, como solución última del CIV, han sido pobremente estudiados en Europa, probablemente por los escasos brotes autóctonos de arbovirosis donde Ae. albopictus ha ejercido como vector. En esta memoria de tesis se han estudiado los dos principales métodos de aplicación de adulticidas: tratamientos volumétricos y de impregnación (sobre vegetación), evaluando diferentes aspectos de su eficacia frente a Ae. albopictus. Los tratamientos en ultra bajo volumen (ULV) con Deltametrina, aunque pueden alcanzar eficacias del 100% a los 25 metros en campo abierto y con condiciones meteorológicas favorables, tienen una persistencia reducida, pueden entrañar riesgos a causa de la deriva del producto y se adaptan mal a la biología de Ae. albopictus. Por otro lado, los tratamientos de impregnación de la vegetación alcanzan mejor las zonas de descanso de Ae. albopictus y confieren además una mayor persistencia, causando una mortalidad del 70% a los 19 días con Deltametrina, aunque este efecto residual puede favorecer la selección de poblaciones resistentes. El estado de susceptibilidad de 4 poblaciones españolas de Ae. albopictus también fue evaluado, comparándolo con las concentraciones discriminantes (Deltametrina 0.05%, Permetrina 1% y Cipermetrina 0.1%) obtenidas con una cepa susceptible de laboratorio. Se detectó por primera vez en Europa una población de Ae albopictus resistente a un piretroide (Cipermetrina), lo que sugiere que el uso de adulticidas debería de estar mejor regulado, para que Ae. albopictus no llegue a desarrollar las resistencias que ya presenta Ae. aegypti en otras partes del mundo. <br /

Effectiveness of calcaneal osteotomy in surgical treatment of foot conditions: A Prisma statement guidelines compliant systematic review

[Abstract] Calcaneal osteotomy is a commonly established method used to correct various foot malalignment surgery problems that produce varus and valgus hindfoot abnormality as well as Haglund's deformity, cavovarus foot reconstruction, flatfoot deformity, plantar fasciitis, posterior tibial tendon insufficiency and planovalgus foot. After decades, several procedures in orthopaedic foot surgery have been suggested for reducing the risk of wound and neurovascular complications. The goal of this Prisma statement guidelines compliant systematic review was to establish the effectiveness and safety of calcaneal osteotomy in foot surgery. We have performed a novel systematic review of the current published literature in order to evaluate the scientific evidence now available on this association, assigning predefined exclusion and inclusion criteria. Eight investigations were selected which had 191 cases. The adult flatfoot, tibialis posterior reconstruction and cavovarus foot deformity were treated with different procedures of calcaneal osteotomy techniques. The adequate level of effectiveness of calcaneal osteotomy is associated with the kind and location of the incision, with or without screw application, in each specific foot condition. There is a limited number of scientific investigations of the effectiveness and safety of the different kinds of calcaneal osteotomy in foot surgery, and there is the need to enhance outcome knowledge on this foot surgery technique

Effectiveness of the Lapidus plate system in foot surgery: APRISMA compliant systematic review

[Abstract] Lapidus arthrodesis is an established standard procedure to correct various footsurgery problems and hallux limitus, hypermobility of the first ray, halluxabductus valgus, and symptomatic lesser metatarsal. After decades, many fixa-tion methods in the orthopaedic surgery industry have been developed fordecreasing complications and improving this technique. The aim of this PRI-SMA compliant systematic review is to analyse the effectiveness of several lapi-dus plate systems in foot surgery. We have carried out the first systematicreview of the relevant published literature so as to systematically evaluate thescientific knowledge available now on this association, assigning predefined eli-gibility criteria. Fourteen studies were selected which had an overall of 738cases. The first tarsal metatarsal joint and hallux valgus were treated by theapplication of different types of Lapidus plate system. The optimal level of thefixation in these procedures is related with the type and system insertion placeof the plate with or without screw in each specific foot disease. There is an insuf-ficient number of studies about the effectiveness of the different types of Lapidusplate system in foot surgery, and there is a need to increase outcomes knowledgeon the level of the fixation, sort of the system, and insert place in foot surgery

Numerical Assessment of the Structural Effects of Relative Sliding between Tissues in a Finite Element Model of the Foot

Penetration and shared nodes between muscles, tendons and the plantar aponeurosis mesh elements in finite element models of the foot may cause inappropriate structural behavior of the tissues. Penetration between tissues caused using separate mesh without motion constraints or contacts can change the loading direction because of an inadequate mesh displacement. Shared nodes between mesh elements create bonded areas in the model, causing progressive or complete loss of load transmitted by tissue. This paper compares by the finite element method the structural behavior of the foot model in cases where a shared mesh has been used versus a separated mesh with sliding contacts between some important tissues. A very detailed finite element model of the foot and ankle that simulates the muscles, tendons and plantar aponeurosis with real geometry has been used for the research. The analysis showed that the use of a separate mesh with sliding contacts and a better characterization of the mechanical behavior of the soft tissues increased the mean of the absolute values of stress by 83.3% and displacement by 17.4% compared with a shared mesh. These increases mean an improvement of muscle and tendon behavior in the foot model. Additionally, a better quantitative and qualitative distribution of plantar pressure was also observed.Fac. de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y PodologíaTRUEMinistry of Economy Government of SpainCONACYT, Mexicopu