Quaternary palynomorph fromthe valley of the river San Eugenio (Risaralda, Colombia)

ABSTRACT: Quantitative analysis of the palynological observations in an archaeological settlement between Late Pleistocene to Early Holocene in Santa Rosa de Cabal, Risaralda Colombia. A total of 71 samples were analysed over volcanic soils La pochola01 (47 samples) and La pochola02 (25 samples). The radiocarbon result dated the oldest simple which is 13.540±60 years B.P in the 105 cm (Late Pleistocene) and the earliest simple which was 6743±45 years B.P in the 57 cm, (Early Holocene). Diversified, well preserved palynofloras were recognized. A total of 61 species were described, including species of the, Pteridophytos (11 species), Pinopsida (1species) and Angiosperm (50species). This paper aims to contribute an increase to the knowledge of the Quaternary palynoflora in the middle Cauca.RESUMEN: Un análisis cualitativo de las observaciones palinológicas realizadas sobre un yacimiento arqueológico entre el Pleistoceno tardío hasta el Holoceno temprano sobre Santa rosa de Cabal, Risaralda Colombia fue llevado a cabo como parte de una reconstrucción paleoecológica, dentro de la cual se analizaron un total de 71 muestras a partir de dos núcleos suelos volcánicos, La pochola 01 (47 muestras) y la pochola 02 (25 muestras).Con base en los datos de 14C obtenidos de la Pochola 01 se pudo establecer que la edad más antigua es de 13.540±60 años A.P, en los 105 cm (Pleistoceno tardío) y la edad más reciente 6743±45 años a.P en los 57 cm, (Holoceno medio). Los resultados muestran que la preservación de los granos de polen en suelos volcánicos es alta,la diversidad y buena preservación. Un total de 67 especies fueron descritas dentro de las cuales se encuentran representantes de clases, Pteridophytos (11 especies), Pinopsida (1especies) y Angiospermas (50 especies).Mediante este documento se pretende incrementar y contribu

The palynological flora of the middle San Eugenio river drainage, Risaralda (Central Cordillera), Colombia

ABSTRACT: A palynological atlas of the middle San Eugenio river drainage (Risaralda), Colombia is presented in order to established points of reference for future palynological studies of the Colombian Andes during the quaternary period. The study species were selected from two forest patches used RAP methods, one a forest fragment and the other section of riparian forest. In addition, we completed the list by including information contained in floristics surveys that were conducted near this study area. The pollen samples were processed and described using conventional methods of acetolysis and light microscopy. In total, 31 plant species distributed in 16 families that are characteristic of sub-Andean forests were described. The sites studied were characterized as disturbed forest fragments with successional vegetative elements. In addition, polen grains from domesticated species such as Manihot esculenta, Phaseolus sp., and Zea mays were included.RESUMEN: Se presenta un atlas palinológico de la cuenca media del río San Eugenio (Risaralda), Colombia, con el fin de establecer bases de referencia para posteriores estudios polínicos de los Andes colombianos durante el cuaternario. Las especies de este estudio se seleccionaron utilizando la metodología RAP en dos relictos de bosque, un bosque fragmentado y un bosque de galería, además, el listado se complementó con base en la información consignada en estudios florísticos realizados en la zona de trabajo. Las muestras de polen se procesaron y se describieron utilizando los métodos convencionales de acetólisis y microscopía de luz. En total, se describieron 31 especies vegetales clasificadas en 16 familias que son características de los bosques subandinos. Los sitios estudiados se caracterizan por ser fragmentos de bosque intervenidos, con elementos que hacen parte de la sucesión de la vegetación. Adicionalmente, se incluyeron granos de polen de especies domesticadas como Manihot esculenta, Phaseolus sp. y Zea mays.RESUMEN: Se presenta un atlas palinológico de la cuenca media del río San Eugenio (Risaralda), Colombia, con el fin de establecer bases de referencia para posteriores estudios polínicos de los Andes colombianos durante el cuaternario. Las especies de este estudio se seleccionaron utilizando la metodología RAP en dos relictos de bosque, un bosque fragmentado y un bosque de galería, además, el listado se complementó con base en la información consignada en estudios florísticos realizados en la zona de trabajo. Las muestras de polen se procesaron y se describieron utilizando los métodos convencionales de acetólisis y microscopía de luz. En total, se describieron 31 especies vegetales clasificadas en 16 familias que son características de los bosques subandinos. Los sitios estudiados se caracterizan por ser fragmentos de bosque intervenidos, con elementos que hacen parte de la sucesión de la vegetación. Adicionalmente, se incluyeron granos de polen de especies domesticadas como Manihot esculenta, Phaseolus sp. y Zea mays

How relevant is the place where first-year college students live in relation to the increase in body mass index?

Producción Científica1) Objective: This study analyzes the evolution of the body mass index (BMI) throughout the academic year associated with changes in the lifestyle associated with the place where students live during the course, lifestyle design, and health strategies for the university community. (2) Methods: A total of 93 first-year nursing students participated in this study. Data were collected throughout the course by administering self-reported questionnaires about eating habits and lifestyles, weight, and height to calculate their BMI and place of residence throughout the course. Data were analyzed using statistical analysis (Mann–Whitney, chi-square, Student’s t-test, repeated-measures analysis of variance, and least significant difference tests). (3) Results: We found that the mean BMI increases significantly throughout the course among all students regardless of sex, age, eating habits, or where they live during the course. At the beginning of the course, the mean BMI was 22.10 ± 3.64. The mean difference between the beginning of the course and the middle has a value of p-value < 0.015 and between the middle of the course and the end a p-value < 0.009. The group that increased the most is found among students who continue to live in the family nucleus rather than those who live alone or in residence. Students significantly changed their eating and health habits, especially those who live alone or in residence. (4) Conclusions: There is an increase in BMI among students. It is necessary to carry out seminars or talks that can help students understand the importance of good eating practices and healthy habits to maintain their weight and, therefore, their health, in the short, medium, and long term and acquire a good quality of life.Este trabajo fue apoyado por subvenciones (Grants 2019-GRIN-26896, 2020-GRIN-29192

Polarimetric imaging for the detection of synthetic models of SARS-CoV-2: A proof of concept

Objective: To conduct a proof-of-concept study of the detection of two synthetic models of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) using polarimetric imaging. Approach: Two SARS-CoV-2 models were prepared as engineered lentiviruses pseudotyped with the G protein of the vesicular stomatitis virus, and with the characteristic Spike protein of SARS-CoV-2. Samples were prepared in two biofluids (saline solution and artificial saliva), in four concentrations, and deposited as 5-µL droplets on a supporting plate. The angles of maximal degree of linear polarization (DLP) of light diffusely scattered from dry residues were determined using Mueller polarimetry from87 samples at 405 nm and 514 nm. A polarimetric camera was used for imaging several samples under 380–420 nm illumination at angles similar to those of maximal DLP. Per-pixel image analysis included quantification and combination of polarization feature descriptors in 475 samples. Main results: The angles (from sample surface) of maximal DLP were 3° for 405 nm and 6° for 514 nm. Similar viral particles that differed only in the characteristic spike protein of the SARS-CoV-2, their corresponding negative controls, fluids, and the sample holder were discerned at 10-degree and 15-degree configurations. Significance: Polarimetric imaging in the visible spectrum may help improve fast, non-contact detection and identification of viral particles, and/or other microbes such as tuberculosis, in multiple dry fluid samples simultaneously, particularly when combined with other imaging modalities. Further analysis including realistic concentrations of real SARS-CoV-2 viral particles in relevant human fluids is required. Polarimetric imaging under visible light may contribute to a fast, cost-effective screening of SARS-CoV-2 and other pathogens when combined with other imaging modalities.12 página

Hyperspectral image processing for the identification and quantification of lentiviral particles in fluid samples

Optical spectroscopic techniques have been commonly used to detect the presence of biofilm-forming pathogens (bacteria and fungi) in the agro-food industry. Recently, near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy revealed that it is also possible to detect the presence of viruses in animal and vegetal tissues. Here we report a platform based on visible and NIR (VNIR) hyperspectral imaging for non-contact, reagent free detection and quantification of laboratory-engineered viral particles in fluid samples (liquid droplets and dry residue) using both partial least square-discriminant analysis and artificial feed-forward neural networks. The detection was successfully achieved in preparations of phosphate buffered solution and artificial saliva, with an equivalent pixel volume of 4 nL and lowest concentration of 800 TU.mu L-1. This method constitutes an innovative approach that could be potentially used at point of care for rapid mass screening of viral infectious diseases and monitoring of the SARS-CoV- 2 pandemic.This research was funded by grants number COV20-00080 and COV20-00173 of the 2020 Emergency Call for Research Projects about the SARS-CoV-2 virus and the COVID-19 disease of the Institute of Health 'Carlos III', Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, and by grant number EQC2019-006240-P of the 2019 Call for Acquisition of Scientific Equipment, FEDER Program, Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation. This work has been supported by the European Commission through the JRC HUMAINT project. ABR was supported by grant number RTI2018-094465-J funded by the Spanish National Agency of Research. The authors would like to gratefully acknowledge the assistance of the members of the EOD-CBRN Group of the Spanish National Police, whose identities cannot be disclosed, and who are represented here by JMNG. Authors thank continuous support from their institutions

Role of IP-10 to Predict Clinical Progression and Response to IL-6 Blockade With Sarilumab in Early COVID-19 Pneumonia. A Subanalysis of the SARICOR Clinical Trial

© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial reproduction and distribution of the work, in any medium, provided the original work is not altered or transformed in any way, and that the work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact [email protected][Background] The Clinical Trial of Sarilumab in Adults With COVID-19 (SARICOR) showed that patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia and increased levels of interleukin (IL)-6 might benefit from blockade of the IL-6 pathway. However, the benefit from this intervention might not be uniform. In this subanalysis, we sought to determine if other immunoactivation markers, besides IL-6, could identify which subgroup of patients benefit most from this intervention.[Methods] The SARICOR trial was a phase II, open-label, multicenter, controlled trial (July 2020–March 2021) in which patients were randomized to receive usual care (UC; control group), UC plus a single dose of sarilumab 200 mg (sarilumab-200 group), or UC plus a single dose of sarilumab 400 mg (sarilumab-400 group). Patients who had baseline serum samples for cytokine determination (IL-8, IL-10, monocyte chemoattractant protein–1, interferon-inducible protein [IP]-10) were included in this secondary analysis. Progression to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) according to cytokine levels and treatment received was evaluated.[Results] One hundred one (88%) of 115 patients enrolled in the SARICOR trial had serum samples (control group: n = 33; sarilumab-200: n = 33; sarilumab-400: n = 35). Among all evaluated biomarkers, IP-10 showed the strongest association with treatment outcome. Patients with IP-10 ≥2500 pg/mL treated with sarilumab-400 had a lower probability of progression (13%) compared with the control group (58%; hazard ratio, 0.19; 95% CI, 0.04–0.90; P = .04). Conversely, patients with IP-10 40 pg/mL. Importantly, IP-10 value <2500 pg/mL might discriminate those individuals who might not benefit from sarilumab therapy among those with high IL-6 levels.This work was supported by the Consejeria de Salud y Familias, Junta de Andalucia, Spain (COVID-19 Research Program, project code COVID-0013-2020). B.G.G. and J.T.C. are supported by General Sub-Directorate of Networks and Cooperative Research Centers, Ministry of Science and Innovation, Spanish Network for Research in Infectious Diseases (REIPI RD16/0016/0001, RD16/0016/0008)—co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund, “A Way to Achieve Europe, Operational Program Smart Growth 2014–2020.” J.C.G. is supported by SCReN (Spanish Clinical Research Network) funded by the ISCIII-Sub-Directorate General for Research Assessment and Promotion through projects PT17/0017/0032 and PT20/0039. R.L.L., C.D.L.F., J.T.-C., and B.G.-G. are supported by the Center of Biomedical Investigation Network for Infectious Diseases (CIBERINFEC) funded by ISCIII through projects CB21/13/00049 and CB21/13/00012.Peer reviewe

Abordaje del síndrome subacromial mediante terapia láser de alta potencia

El dolor de hombro ocupa el tercer lugar entre las causas de dolor músculo-esquelético (Whittle & Buchbinder, 2015). Siendo el síndrome subacromial el responsable de un tercio de la patología que sufre esta región(Juel & Natvig, 2014). El síndrome subacromial viene producido por la compresión de los tendones del manguito rotador y la bursa subacromial entre la cabeza humeral y el acromion, y, presenta una elevada tendencia a la crofinificación (J.S. Lewis 2009b). El uso del láser de baja potencia (LLLT) es un habitual en el tratamiento de la patología de hombro, existiendo controversia en cuanto a su efectividad, mientras que para algunos autores no aporta mejoría significativa (Haik, Alburquerque-Sendín, Moreira, Pires, & Camargo, 2016); (Dong et al., 2015); (Dogan, Saime, & Evcik, 2010), para otros autores, el uso de laserterapia proporciona mejora en el cuadro clínico (Hawk et al., 2017); (Haslerud, Magnussen, Joensen, Lopes-Martins, & Bjordal, 2015). La Terapia Láser de Alta Potencia (HILT) se presenta como una herramienta novedosa y actual en el campo de la fisioterapia y la rehabilitación y viene caracterizada por una mayor capacidad de penetración y una menor dispersión en los tejidos, focalizando de manera más clara la estructura diana. Si bien es una técnica ávida de estudios que aclaren su uso en distintas patologías y optimicen la dosificación más adecuada. En base a estas pautas se desarrolló un ensayo clínico paralelo con aleatorización consecutiva en dos grupos, grupo intervención 15 sesiones (HILT+ protocolo de cinesiterapia) y grupo control 15 sesiones (Sham láser + protocolo de cinesiterapia). Se tomaron datos en situación basal, al finalizar las 15 sesiones de tratamiento, al mes y a los 3 meses de la finalización de la intervención, por medio de la Escala Visual Analógica, el Umbral Doloroso a la Presión, el SPADI Index, Constant Murley Score y Quick DASH abreviado. Como variables secundarias se utilizaron el número de sesiones al alta y la ingesta pautada de medicamentos. Para el análisis de datos se utilizó el SPSS v15.0 y Epidat 4.1. Concluyeron el estudio 43 de los 46 pacientes (28 mujeres y 18 hombres) inicialmente aleatorizados. Obteniendo en nuestro estudio que la intervención de fisioterapia protocolizada tanto sola como en combinación con HILT produce una mejora que se mantiene al menos tres meses después de la intervención. No se objetivan diferencias significativas entre HILT y sham-láser en las escalas de valoración utilizadas. El grupo HILT necesitó menos sesiones para el alta que el grupo control, siendo más acusado el descenso en el consumo de medicamentos en el grupo que recibió la Terapia Láser de Alta Potencia

Aproximación antropológica al síndrome de dolor miofascial: Una propuesta de intervención

Objectives: - Study the myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) from a different perspective to the clinical one. - Approach chronic MPS by means of an interdisciplinary point of view. - Develop a proposal for intervention in patients with chronic MPS considering anthropological aspects of pain. Methods: Work has been divided into two parts: the first one in which you conduct a search of scientific literature related to the object of study and a second one in which, from the results obtained, conclusions are drawn up to propose intervention. Results: Anthropological aspects of MPS have not been a regular subject of study. Therefore it has been necessary to use studies on pain in general: - Pain goes beyond the personal and subjective experience of those who suffer, the expression, and validation by social environment respond to socio-cultural factors - Acute and chronic pain have a different socio-cultural connotations, scientific literature indicates the importance of finding causality for a more positive experience of pain. - The attitude of the therapist and patient information are key elements in the process of recovery. Conclusions: - Understand the pain not only as a natural and subjective fact but also as a socially learned and culturally transmitted behaviour, influenced by many external factors. - Need to integrate empathy and "estrangement" in addressing the patient with MPS. - Inform the patient clearly and concisely about his recovery process to become an active part of treatment. - Need to develop lines of research so that the study of MPS interacts with social sciences in order to obtain a greater interdisciplinarity which results in a holistic conception of the patient.Objetivos: - Estudiar el síndrome de dolor miofascial (SDM) desde una perspectiva distinta a la clínica. - Abordar mediante un enfoque interdisciplinar el SDM crónico. - Elaborar una propuesta de intervención sobre el paciente con SDM crónico considerando aspectos antropológicos del dolor. Métodos: Se ha dividido el trabajo en dos partes; una primera en la que se ha realizado una búsqueda de literatura científica relacionada con el objeto de estudio y una segunda en la que, a partir de los resultados obtenidos, se han elaborado las conclusiones a modo de propuesta de intervención. Resultados: Los aspectos antropológicos del SDM no han sido un objeto de estudio habitual por lo que ha sido necesario recurrir a los trabajos sobre el dolor en general: - El dolor va más allá de la experiencia personal y subjetiva del que lo padece, la expresión del mismo y la validación por parte del entorno social responde a factores socio-culturales. - El dolor agudo y el dolor crónico tienen unas connotaciones socio-culturales distintas, la literatura científica señala la importancia de encontrar la causalidad para una vivencia más positiva del dolor. - La actitud del terapeuta y la información al paciente son elementos claves en el proceso recuperador. Conclusiones: - Entender el dolor no solo como un hecho natural y subjetivo sino también como una conducta socialmente aprehendida y culturalmente transmitida, influenciada por muchos factores externos. - Necesidad de integrar empatía y "extrañamiento" en el abordaje del paciente con SDM. - Informar al paciente de manera clara y concisa acerca de su proceso de recuperación para convertirle en parte activa del tratamiento. - Necesidad de diseñar líneas de investigación que imbriquen al estudio del SDM con las ciencias sociales en aras a una mayor interdisciplinariedad que redunde en una concepción holística del paciente

Railway multibody simulation with the knife-edge-equivalent wheel-rail constraint equations

This paper describes a new numerical procedure for the modelling and simulation of the wheel–rail contact in railway dynamic simulations. The method is called knife-edge-equivalent contact constraint method, or simply KEC-method. Using this method, the wheel–rail contact is modelled as rigid or constraint-based using a set of kinematic constraints that eliminates one-degree of freedom of relative wheel–rail motion. The KEC-method uses a transformed but equivalent wheel profile in contact with a single-point rail. This equivalent profile has the property of producing the same wheelset-rail relative kinematics as the real wheel–rail profiles. The method can be used efficiently online while achieving better computational times than using contact lookup tables. Compared with existing constraint methods, the KEC-method has the following advantages: (1) simplification of the wheel–rail contact constraints, (2) simplified wheel–rail profiles, (3) online solution of the contact constraints, (4) reduction of the number of surface parameters, and (5) increased computational efficiency. A comparative study with respect to the use of efficient contact lookup tables in the simulation of Metro de Sevilla (metropolitan train in the city of Sevilla) shows that this contact method is appropriate to simulate the dynamics of a railway vehicle efficiently

High-Intensity Laser Therapy for Musculoskeletal Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials

High-intensity laser therapy (HILT) is one of the therapeutic approaches used in the treatment of musculoskeletal disorders (MSD). The main objective of this study was to examine the effectiveness of HILT for reducing pain and improving functionality in people with MSD. Ten databases were systematically searched for randomized trials published up to 28 February 2022. Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) assessing the effectiveness of HILT on MSD were included. The main outcome measures were pain and functionality. In total, 48 RCTs were included in the qualitative synthesis and 44 RCTs in the quantitative analysis. HILT showed a decrease on the pain VAS (mean difference (MD) = −1.3 cm; confidence interval (CI) 95%: −1.6 to −1.0) and an improvement in functionality (standardized mean difference (SMD) = −1.0; CI95%: −1.4 to −0.7), with low and moderate quality of evidence, respectively. A greater effect was observed when compared with control than with other conservative treatments, both on pain (χ2 = 20.6; p p = 0.02). Differences in the effectiveness of HILT were found depending on the location (χ2 = 40.1 p < 0.001), with further improved functionality in MSD of the knee and shoulder. HILT is an effective treatment for improving pain, functionality, range of motion, and quality of life in people with MSD, although these findings must be treated with caution due to the high risk of bias in the studies. Further clinical trials should be well designed to lower the risk of bias