Ansiedade dos estudantes diante da expectativa do exame vestibular

Este estudio investigó la ansiedad de los estudiantes en las escuelas privadas en un estado de Brasil en el examen de ingreso. La muestra fuese compuesta de 124 estudiantes de la escuela secundaria participantes del PISM (Proceso de Admisión Común), siendo 66 mujeres e 58 hombres, 69 alumnos del 1er año de escuela secundaria y 55 del 3er año. Los estudiantes respondieron a un cuestionario socio-demográfico y al Inventario de Ansiedad Rasgo-Estado (IDATE), en sus propias aulas. Hubo una diferencia significativa en relación con el género (p=0,036) que se encontró un mayor nivel de ansiedad estado en el 1er año de las mujeres en comparación con los hombres del 1er año (p = 0,004). El mismo resultado se encontró con respecto a la ansiedad-rasgo: las mujeres de 1er año son más ansiosas que los hombres del 1er año (p=0,000).O presente estudo investigou a ansiedade dos jovens estudantes de escolas particulares de um estado do Brasil em relação ao exame vestibular. A amostra foi composta por 124 estudantes do ensino médio participantes do vestibular seriado PISM (Processo de Ingresso Seletivo Misto), sendo 66 do gênero feminino e 58 do gênero masculino, 69 alunos do 1º ano do ensino médio e 55 do 3º ano. Os estudantes responderam a um questionário sócio-demográfico e ao Inventário de Ansiedade Traço-Estado (IDATE) na suas próprias salas de aula. Foi observada uma diferença significativa quanto ao gênero (p=0,036) sendo que foi encontrado um maior nível de ansiedade-estado nas mulheres do 1º ano comparativamente aos rapazes do 1ºano (p=0,004). O mesmo resultado foi encontrado com relação à ansiedade-traço: moças do 1º ano são mais ansiosas do que rapazes do 1º ano (p=0,000).This study investigated the anxiety of private schools students at the expectation of attending colleges' entrance examination in one Brazilian state. The sample consisted of 124 high school students participating in the PISM series of examination (Joint Selective Admission Process). They were 66 females and 58 males, 69 students from the 1st year and 55 from the 3rd year. Students answered a sociodemographic questionnaire and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory in their respective classrooms. A significant difference regarding gender (p=0.036) was found, women from the 1st year presented higher levels of state-anxiety compared to men from the 1st year (p=0.004). The same result was found with respect to the trait-anxiety, women from the 1st year were more anxious than men from the 1st year (p=0.000)

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

ATLANTIC EPIPHYTES: a data set of vascular and non-vascular epiphyte plants and lichens from the Atlantic Forest

Epiphytes are hyper-diverse and one of the frequently undervalued life forms in plant surveys and biodiversity inventories. Epiphytes of the Atlantic Forest, one of the most endangered ecosystems in the world, have high endemism and radiated recently in the Pliocene. We aimed to (1) compile an extensive Atlantic Forest data set on vascular, non-vascular plants (including hemiepiphytes), and lichen epiphyte species occurrence and abundance; (2) describe the epiphyte distribution in the Atlantic Forest, in order to indicate future sampling efforts. Our work presents the first epiphyte data set with information on abundance and occurrence of epiphyte phorophyte species. All data compiled here come from three main sources provided by the authors: published sources (comprising peer-reviewed articles, books, and theses), unpublished data, and herbarium data. We compiled a data set composed of 2,095 species, from 89,270 holo/hemiepiphyte records, in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay, recorded from 1824 to early 2018. Most of the records were from qualitative data (occurrence only, 88%), well distributed throughout the Atlantic Forest. For quantitative records, the most common sampling method was individual trees (71%), followed by plot sampling (19%), and transect sampling (10%). Angiosperms (81%) were the most frequently registered group, and Bromeliaceae and Orchidaceae were the families with the greatest number of records (27,272 and 21,945, respectively). Ferns and Lycophytes presented fewer records than Angiosperms, and Polypodiaceae were the most recorded family, and more concentrated in the Southern and Southeastern regions. Data on non-vascular plants and lichens were scarce, with a few disjunct records concentrated in the Northeastern region of the Atlantic Forest. For all non-vascular plant records, Lejeuneaceae, a family of liverworts, was the most recorded family. We hope that our effort to organize scattered epiphyte data help advance the knowledge of epiphyte ecology, as well as our understanding of macroecological and biogeographical patterns in the Atlantic Forest. No copyright restrictions are associated with the data set. Please cite this Ecology Data Paper if the data are used in publication and teaching events. © 2019 The Authors. Ecology © 2019 The Ecological Society of Americ

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Associação entre religiosidade e felicidade em pacientes renais crônicos em hemodiálise: estudo longitudinal

With the increase of survival of patients with chronic kidney disease, it has been recognized the importance of improving the quality of this survival. Religiosity / spirituality has been associated with a better state of physical and mental health, but there is still a lack of studies between religiosity / spirituality and chronic kidney disease, as well as on the mediators the association between religiosity / spirituality and indicators of health and well-being. The objective of this study is to investigate an association between levels of religiosity / spirituality and happiness in patients with chronic kidney disease on hemodialysis and the role of the sense of coherence as a possible mediator. This is a longitudinal observational study (cohort) with one year follow-up in two renal replacement therapy centers in the city of Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil, with 161 adult hemodialysis patients. Linear metabolism with linear regression at time 1 (at the beginning of the study - T1), regarding time 2, for the association between religiosity / spirituality and happiness, without the mediation of the sense of coherence. Test for paired samples to investigate changes in religiosity / spirituality and happiness between T1 and T2. Adjustments for sociodemographic, clinical and laboratory data were performed. 91.2% of the sample was considered religious. Any clinical or sociodemographic changes correlated with happiness. Not T1, intrinsic religiosity was associated with higher values of happiness (β = 0.47, 95% CI 0.17 - 0.77). When we controlled the sense of coherence, which proved to be a partial mediator, the difference between religiosity and happiness decreased, but remained significant (β = 0.32, 95% CI 0.06 - 0.6). Sense of light, resistance, impact, statistical happiness on T1 and T2. Between T1 and T2, there were statistically significant increases in intrinsic religiosity (12.8 versus 13.7) and happiness (19.4 versus 20.3). Transverse analysis in T1, although the clinical and social variables no longer present with the happiness of patients on hemodialysis, a religiosity / spirituality associated to a higher level of happiness with the sense of coherence as mediator. Throughout a year of follow-up, the elderly mated independently, in an intrinsic way and happiness, the religiosity / spirituality in T1 did not predict happiness in T2. Factors such as religiosity / spirituality and sense of coherence were relevant to the patient's well being on hemodialysis, and were implicated in the best evaluation and treatment of patients.Com o aumento da sobrevida do paciente com doença renal crônica, tem-se reconhecido a importância de aprimorar a qualidade desta sobrevida. Religiosidade/espiritualidade tem se mostrado associada a melhores níveis de saúde física e mental, mas ainda há uma carência de estudos entre religiosidade/espiritualidade e doença renal crônica, bem como sobre os mediadores desta associação entre religiosidade/espiritualidade e indicadores de saúde e bem-estar. O objetivo deste trabalho é investigar a associação entre níveis de religiosidade/espiritualidade e Felicidade em pacientes com doença renal crônica em hemodiálise e o papel do senso de coerência como possível mediador. Trata-se de um estudo observacional longitudinal (coorte) com um ano de seguimento realizado em dois centros de terapia renal substitutiva na cidade de Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brasil, com 161 pacientes adultos em hemodiálise. Foram utilizadas análises de regressão linear tanto no Tempo 1 (início do estudo - T1) quanto no Tempo 2 (após um ano de seguimento - T2), para associação entre religiosidade/espiritualidade e Felicidade, com e sem mediação do senso de coerência. Teste t para as amostras pareadas para investigar mudanças na religiosidade/espiritualidade e na Felicidade entre T1 e T2. Ajustes para dados sociodemográficos, clínicos e laboratoriais foram realizados. Considerou-se religiosa 91,2% da amostra. Nenhuma variável clínica ou sociodemográfica se correlacionou com Felicidade. No T1, religiosidade intrínseca se associou com maiores níveis de Felicidade (β = 0,47; 95% CI 0,17 – 0,77). Quando controlamos para senso de coerência, que se mostrou ser um mediador parcial, a associação entre a religiosidade intrínseca e Felicidade diminuiu, mas permaneceu significativa (β = 0,32; 95% CI 0,06 – 0,6). Senso de coerência teve impacto significativamente estatístico na Felicidade no T1 e T2. Entre T1 e T2 houve aumento estatisticamente significativo da religiosidade intrínseca (12,8 versus 13,7) e Felicidade (19,4 versus 20,3). Na análise transversal em T1, embora as variáveis clínicas e sociodemográficas não apresentarem correlação com Felicidade dos pacientes em hemodiálise, a religiosidade/espiritualidade se associou a maiores níveis de Felicidade tendo o senso de coerência como mediador parcial dessa relação. Ao longo de um ano de seguimento, embora os pacientes tenham aumentado seus níveis de religiosidade intrínseca e de Felicidade, religiosidade/espiritualidade em T1 não predisse Felicidade em T2. Fatores como religiosidade/espiritualidade e senso de coerência mostraram-se relevantes para o bem-estar de pacientes em hemodiálise, tendo implicações para a melhor avaliação e tratamento desses pacientes

Núcleos de Ensino da Unesp: artigos 2008

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq