Residual Coolant Quantity in High Pressure Vessel Of PWR–440

تناول البحث بصورة مفصلة دراسة ديناميكية سلوك كمية الناقل الحراري المتبقي في لحظات زمنية محتلفة في بقدرة 440 ميكاواط عند حدوث التسرب المفاجىء في  VVER – 440 MW في اسطوانة الضغط العالي دورة التبريد الاولى. وتضمنت الدراسة تأثير قطر فتحة التسرب وموقعه ودرجة حرارة الناقل الحراري داخل دورة التبريد الاولى قبيل بدء عملية التسرب. وتم وضع معادلة تجريبية في ابعاد كمية الناقل الحراري المتبقي  داخل اسطوانة الضغط العالي كدالة زمنية تعتمد على القطر النسبي والارتفاع النسبي للتدفق  ودرجة الحرارة   PWRالنسبية للناقل الحراري. واختتم باستنتاجات هامة يمكن ان تسهم في بناء منظومات السلامة النووية لمفاعل من نوع  بقدرة 440 ميكاواط.        The dynamic behavior of the remaining thermal carrier at different interval times in the high-pressure cylinder of a VVER – 440 MW reactor has been studied, when the sudden leakage occurred in the first cooling loop. The study included the effect of the diameter and the location of the leakage hole, in addition to the temperature of the thermal coolant within the first cooling loop prior to the start of the leakage process.          An experimental equation was developed for the distance of the remaining thermal carrier within the high-pressure cylinder as a function of time-based on the relative diameter, the relative height of the coolant flow and the relative temperature of the thermal coolant. Important conclusions are made that could contribute to building nuclear safety systems for reactors of the type (Pressurized Water Reactor), PWR– 440 with the power of 440 Mw

Study of Neutronic and Temperature Distribution During Enrichment Reduction for BN-350 Reactor

   يمثل هذا البحث الحسابات النيوترونية والهيدروليكية لتحويل المفاعل BN – 350   من تخصيب عالي 27% الى تخصيب واطىء  7%. تمت دراسة قلبين ممزوجين بتخصيبين مختلفين حيث تم استبدال اقلام الوقود الخالصة من تخصيب اليورانيوم الواطىء LEW بتخصيب وقود يورانيوم عالي HEU من اقلام الوقود المنضب في حالة توازن القلب. طبقت الحسابات الحرارية  الهيدروليكية لحساب تغيرات خصائص المفاعل المتحول خلال الحالة المستقرة والاستجابة العابرة لفقدان جريان المبرد.       This paper represents the neutronic and thermal-hydraulic calculations for the conversion of BN-350 from 27% to 7% enriched Uranium fuel elements. Mixed enrichment cores have been studied where low enrichment uranium (LEU) cores fresh fuel elements substitute gradually the high enrichment uranium (HEU) depleted fuel elements in the equilibrium core.     Thermal-hydraulic calculations have been carried out to determine changes in the characteristics of the converted reactor during steady-state conditions and transient response to a coolant flow loss.  &nbsp

Optimal Level of Participatory Approach in an NGO Development Project

Many authors, Bradley (2006), Banerjee (2007), Mohan (2008) and Sen (1999) among others, argue that the participatory approach in the development projects of a non-governmental organization, NGO, is more effective and sustainable than the externally imposed expert-driven approach. According to this research stream, the participatory approach promotes self-respect, dignity, inclusiveness, and empowerment of people involved in the project and, simultaneously, it improves the external local environment for the NGO. The key point of this paper is that adopting only the participatory approach may not be optimal, as this approach involves costs to learn about local culture, values and attitudes, and to design and implement feasible participatory development practices. Accordingly, an economically sensible and sustainable strategy for the NGO will be to use a mixture of both approaches. In this paper, the optimal level of participatory approach is theoretically derived and numerically illustrated

Enabling Secure Trustworthiness Assessment and Privacy Protection in Integrating Data for Trading Person-Specific Information

IEEE With increasing adoption of cloud services in the e-market, collaboration between stakeholders is easier than ever. Consumer stakeholders demand data from various sources to analyze trends and improve customer services. Data-as-a-service enables data integration to serve the demands of data consumers. However, the data must be of good quality and trustful for accurate analysis and effective decision making. In addition, a data custodian or provider must conform to privacy policies to avoid potential penalties for privacy breaches. To address these challenges, we propose a twofold solution: 1) we present the first information entropy-based trust computation algorithm, IEB_Trust, that allows a semitrusted arbitrator to detect the covert behavior of a dishonest data provider and chooses the qualified providers for a data mashup and 2) we incorporate the Vickrey–Clarke–Groves (VCG) auction mechanism for the valuation of data providers’ attributes into the data mashup process. Experiments on real-life data demonstrate the robustness of our approach in restricting dishonest providers from participation in the data mashup and improving the efficiency in comparison to provenance-based approaches. Furthermore, we derive the monetary shares for the chosen providers from their information utility and trust scores over the differentially private release of the integrated dataset under their joint privacy requirements

Some Differential Identities in Prime Γ-rings

abstract: Let M be a prime Γ-ring and U be a nonzero ideal of M . An additive . In this paper, we investigate the commutativity of prime Γ-ring satisfying certain differential identities

Prevalence of Rare and Common Bleeding Disorders in Kurdistan Province of Iran

Background: Congenital bleeding disorders (CBD) are a group of coagulopathies with different clinical and laboratory features. The prevalence of these disorders in different parts of the world is variable. Iran as a country with a high rate of parental consanguinity has a high rate of CBDs. This study was to report the prevalence of these disorders in Kurdistan province, west of Iran.Methods and materials: This descriptive study was conducted on patients suspected of a congenital bleeding disorder referred to hemophilia center of this province for evaluation of underlying bleeding diathesis. Diagnosis and classification of disorders were made by routine and specific laboratory tests.Results: Out of 107 patients, 65.4% affected by common bleeding disorders (hemophilia A and B), 23.4% affected by rare bleeding disorders (RBDs) and 11.2% had inherited platelet disorders. Factor VII deficiency (64%) was the most common RBDs and 9 patients had von Willebrand disease. Out of three patients with inherited platelet disorders, two had Glanzmann thrombasthenia.Conclusion: CBD pattern though has similar patterns with total pattern of the country, some of the inherited platelet disorders are more common in Kurdish province. Determination of prevalence and distribution of these disorders can improve health system planning and resource allocation.Keywords: Congenital bleeding disorders, Rare bleeding disorders, Common bleeding disorders, inherited platelet disorder

Assessment Of Iba (Indole Butyric Acid) Levels And Planting Time For Rooting And Growth Of Alstonia Cuttings

An experiment to assess different levels of IBA (Indole Butyric Acid) and planting time on rooting and growth of Alstonia cuttings was conducted at Ornamental Horticulture Nursery, Department of Horticulture, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Pakistan. The experiment was carried out using RCBD design with split plot arrangement. There were five levels of IBA 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20% that were prepared by mixing IBA with talc powder. Cuttings were obtained from healthy, vigorous growing trees which were 15-20 cm long and 2-3 nodes. Leaves were removed from the cuttings and were treated with IBA than planted in plastic bags filled with mixture of sand, clay and FYM with the ratio of 1:1:1 on three different planting times 15th March, 30th March and 14th April. IBA level of 10% showed best results regarding leaf area plant-1(26.032 cm2), sprout length(18.096 cm), stem diameter (14.44 mm), number of roots plant-1 (15.613), root diameter (3.412 mm) while number of  leaves plant-1 (17.27), root length (14.24 cm) and survival percentage (70%) was best recorded when treated with IBA at level of 5%. However, sprouting percentage and days to bud sprouting were not significantly affected by different levels of IBA. It is observed from the study that there was no significant effect of planting time over any parameter however good results were observed in cuttings planted at 14th April regarding leaf area plant-1, sprout length, stem diameter, number of roots plant-1, number of leaves plant-1, root length, root diameter and survival percentage while sprouting percentage and days to bud sprouting were best when planted at 15th March. IBA at 10% level and 14th April as planting time resulted in overall best performance and hence recommended for treating and planting cuttings of Alstonia. Keywords: Alstonia, Growth attribute, Planting times, IBA

Privacy-preserving data mashup model for trading person-specific information

© 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Business enterprises adopt cloud integration services to improve collaboration with their trading partners and to deliver quality data mining services. Data-as-a-Service (DaaS) mashup allows multiple enterprises to integrate their data upon the demand of consumers. Business enterprises face challenges not only to protect private data over the cloud but also to legally adhere to privacy compliance rules when trading person-specific data. They need an effective privacy-preserving business model to deal with the challenges in emerging markets. We propose a model that allows the collaboration of multiple enterprises for integrating their data and derives the contribution of each data provider by valuating the incorporated cost factors. This model serves as a guide for business decision-making, such as estimating the potential risk and finding the optimal value for publishing mashup data. Experiments on real-life data demonstrate that our approach can identify the optimal value in data mashup for different privacy models, including K-anonymity, LKC-privacy, and ∈-differential privacy, with various anonymization algorithms and privacy parameters

E. coli in tropical urban rivers : a case study of the Sungai Gombak basin

The primary study area is Sg. Gombak, a river that flows through the mostly urbanized state of Selangor and transcends the capital of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur. The study aims to characterize E. coli, organics and nutrients on the main stem of the river and its tributaries of Sg. Batu and Sg. Kerayong. There were 28 identified spatial sampling stations throughout the basin. The results on the upper reaches of Sg. Gombak showed E. coli levels ranged between 100 – 400 cfu/100mL. The levels increased and remained between 11,000 cfu/100mL to 18,000 cfu/100 mL downstream upon receiving sewage effluent and other pollution sources. This was comparable to Sg. Batu. Conditions were even worse in Sg. Kerayong as E. coli levels were in excess of 140,000 cfu/100 mL. Ambient temperature increase in excess of 30°C with a ∆T rise of 3 to 4°C appeared to result in some decrement of E. coli; at 0.08/°C for Sg. Gombak and 0.20/°C for Sg. Batu, albeit this only occurred at single spatial points in both rivers. Variation in BOD5, NH3-N and NO3-N did not appear to significantly influence bacterial count in the basin. The study results also showed for the water to be deemed suitable for skin contact, a removal efficiency of at least 92% has to be achieved, which in turn, translated to a die-off period of at least two hours

Human Behaviour and Responses Challenge towards Emergence of Infectious Diseases: E.coli clinical isolate

Consumption of undercooked ground beef is the most common route of transmission of verotoxin-producing E.coli. It is estimated that non-O157 verotoxigenic E.coli (VTEC) can cause diarrhea.The sample was isolated from Universiti Malaya Medical Centre. All the isolates were identified using agarose gel electrophoresis method. This study aims to detect the verotoxin genes and detect the link or involvement of plasmids with these verotoxin genes.  Therefore, this study will contribute to shed new light on resolving the significant and global problem of diarrheal disease caused by this particular pathogenic organism and help in improvising novel therapeutic approaches to improve human healthcare.© 2016. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies, Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.Keywords: E.coli; non-0157; plasmid profil