Entre textos e imagens: ensino de história uma abordagem generificada dos livros didáticos dos anos noventa e dois mil, do acervo do LEH/UFPEL

O presente artigo analisa o Livro Didático de História como fonte e objeto de estudo. O texto que segue tem como propósito através de uma abordagem generificada discutir as relações de Gênero, no que compreende o manual nos capítulos que abordam o período medieval. Sendo assim, nossa proposta será de perceber como as intrincadas relações de gênero se fazem presentes nos livros didáticos. A partir disso, o propósito será de analisá-las através dos textos e das imagens contidas nos manuais. O trabalho empírico se debruçou em cinco livros didáticos entre a última década dos anos noventa e a primeira dos anos dois mil. Os exemplares foram escolhidos através dos critérios de: editoras de maior expressão no mercado do livro didático (bloco das dez primeiras) segundo o P Nacional do Livro Didático (PNLD) e ano de publicação

Quantitative genetics of extreme insular dwarfing: The case of red deer on Jersey

[Aim]: The Island Rule—that is, the tendency for body size to decrease in large mammals and increase in small mammals on islands has been commonly evaluated through mac-roecological or macroevolutionary, pattern-orientated approaches, which generally fail to model the microevolutionary processes driving either dwarfing or gigantism. Here, we seek to identify which microevolutionary process could have driven extreme insular dwarfism in the extinct dwarf red deer population on the island of Jersey.[Location]: Jersey, UK (Channel Islands).[Taxon]: Red deer (Cervus elaphus).[Methods]: We applied an individual-based quantitative genetics model parameterized with red deer life-history data to study the evolution of dwarfism in Jersey's deer, con-sidering variations in island area and isolation through time due to sea level changes.[Results]: The body size of red deer on Jersey decreased fast early on, due to pheno-typic plasticity, then kept decreasing almost linearly over time down to the actual body size of the Jersey deer (36kg on average). Only 1% of 10,000 replicates failed to reach that size in our simulations. The distribution of time to adaptation in these simulations was right skewed, with a median of 395 generations (equivalent to roughly 4kyr), with complete dwarfism effectively occurring in less than 6kyr 84.6% of times. About 72% of the variation in the time to adaptation between simulations was col-lectively explained by higher mutational variance, the number of immigrants from the continent after isolation, available genetic variance, heritability, and phenotypic plasticity.[Main Conclusions]: The extreme dwarfing of red deer on Jersey is an expected out-come of high mutational variance, high immigration rate, a wide adaptive landscape, low levels of inbreeding, and high phenotypic plasticity (in the early phase of dwarfing), all occurring within a time window of around 6kyr. Our model reveals how extreme dwarfism is a plausible outcome of common, well-known evolutionary processes.This study is a contribution of the INCT in Ecology, Evolution and Biodiversity Conservation founded by MCTIC/CNPq/FAPEG (grant 465610/2014-5), arising from the workshop “Fast Evolution on Islands”, organized by AMCS and JAFD-F. Authors EB, FN, WS, KSS, RSS, and ZASV are supported by CAPES MsC or Doctoral fellowships. JAFD-F, RT, TFR, and RD are supported by CNPq Productivity Fellowships and grants, and LJ and EB received CNPq/DTI-A Fellowships from INCT. JH was supported by the project ‘Predicting diversity variations across scales through process-based models linking community ecology and biogeography’ (CNPq PVE 314523/2014-6), and AMCS by a Spanish MICIU Juan de la Cierva-Incorporación (IJCI-2014-19502) fellowship.Peer reviewe

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Ave Maria, ave senhoras de todas as gra?as! : um estudo do feminino na perspectiva das rela??es de g?nero na Castela do s?culo XIII

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:47:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 386128.pdf: 1335092 bytes, checksum: 79ac67dd11d4525da1e13faf60495977 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-08-04Este estudo investiga a import?ncia da Virgem Maria no universo mental iberocastelhano do s?culo XIII, a partir de uma reflex?o hist?rico-antropol?gica. Assim, observa que a presen?a mu?ulmana em territ?rio crist?o marcou a hist?ria da sociedade peninsular, que numa luta de credo contra credo lan?ou m?o do culto ? Maria que, como um sistema de valor, orientado por diretrizes de g?nero, serviu de modelo para homens e mulheres da Castela medieval. Al?m disso, observa que essa sociedade participou, com grande entusiasmo, do movimento de exalta??o mariana que caracteriza os s?culos XII e XIII. A forma ib?rica de celebrar a M?e de Deus marcou sua hist?ria e seu quotidiano, pois estava, ao mesmo tempo, t?o habituado ao conv?vio com o diferente e t?o marcado pela diferen?a entre os sexos. Nesse contexto, a Virgem M?e serviu de exemplum que inspirou num mesmo movimento, tanto aquelas que optaram pela virgindade, num casamento m?stico quanto ?quelas que escolheram a maternidade, fun??o principal da mulher no matrim?nio

A luxúria como herança de Adão

In the course of whole middle age the religions speech express a battle between vice and virtue. This battle is represented in abundance even in iconography as in writting. This text treat about the sin of lust into Songs of Santa Maria, where we find some compositions about the sin of lust. Taking the Cantigas as an example, Y wuill do an analisys of Songs 336, according to the portuguese translation by Walter Mettmann