28 research outputs found
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Determining the toughness of ceramics from Vickers indentations using the crack-opening displacements: An experimental study
Recently, a method for evaluating the fracture toughness of ceramics has been proposed based on the computed crack-opening displacements of cracks emanating from Vickers hardness indentations. In order to verify this method, experiments were carried out to determine the toughness of a commercial silicon carbide ceramic, Hexaloy SA, by measuring the crack-opening profiles of such Vickers indentation cracks. While the obtained toughness value of Ko = 2.3 MPavm was within 10% of that measured using conventional fracture toughness testing, the computed crack-opening profiles corresponding to this toughness displayed poor agreement with those measured experimentally, raising concerns about the suitability of this method for determining the toughness of ceramics. The effects of subsurface cracking and cracking during loading are considered as possible causes of such discrepancies, with the former based on evidence observed for secondary radial cracking which affected the crack opening profile and deduced toughness values
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Fracture and fatigue resistance of Mo-Si-B alloys for ultrahigh-temperature structural applications
Fracture and fatigue-crack growth properties are examined for a series of Mo-Mo3Si-Mo5SiB2 containing alloys, which utilize a continuous a-Mo matrix to achieve unprecedented room-temperature fracture resistance (>20 MPaAm). Mechanistically, these properties are explained in terms of toughening by crack trapping and crack bridging by the more ductile a-Mo phase
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Determining worst-case fatigue thresholds for grain-bridging ceramics
A method for determining worst-case cyclic fatigue thresholds in grain-bridging ceramics by quantifying the role of bridging is demonstrated for a model alumina. Crack-growth properties for both long and short (< 2 mm) cracks emanating from machined notches (root radii, (rho) ~; 15 - 150 (mu)m) were investigated. When compared as a function of the applied stress-intensity range (delta K), growth rates (da/dN) were far higher and fatigue thresholds (Delta)KTH were markedly lower with short cracks, with growth being observable at the lowest driving forces for short cracks emanating from razor micronotches ((rho)is approximately equal to 15 (mu)m). For growth rates < 10-8 m/cycle, da/dN vs. (delta)K data for short cracks merged with the steady-state data for long cracks after ~;2 mm of extension
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Time dependent debonding of aluminum/alumina interfaces under cyclic and static loading
The structural integrity of oxide/metal interfaces is important in many applications
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Effects of Inclusions in HSLA Carbon Steel on Pitting Corrosion in CaCl2
Susceptibility of high strength low alloy steel to localized corrosion was studied in 6.7 M CaCl{sub 2} for oil and natural gas drilling applications. Results of the immersion and electrochemical experiments showed that the steel is susceptible to pitting corrosion. Optical microscopy investigations of the polished samples revealed that 10% of the surface area was occupied by defects in the form of pits. The energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and wavelength dispersive X-ray (WDX) chemical analyses revealed higher concentrations of Mn and S compared to the metal matrix in defected areas. These areas served as the sites for development of corrosion pits during both immersion and electrochemical experiments. The fatigue results of the corroded samples indicate that if the pit was the most significant defect, the fatigue crack initiated and propagated at this site
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Ambient to high-temperature fracture toughness and cyclic fatigue behavior in Al-containing silicon carbide ceramics
A series of in situ toughened, A1, B and C containing, silicon carbide ceramics (ABC-SiC) has been examined with A1 contents varying from 3 to 7 wt%. With increasing A1 additions, the grain morphology in the as-processed microstructures varied from elongated to bimodal to equiaxed, with a change in the nature of the grain-boundary film from amorphous to partially crystalline to fully crystalline