16 research outputs found
Directional detection as a strategy to discover Galactic Dark Matter
Directional detection of Galactic Dark Matter is a promising search strategy
for discriminating genuine WIMP events from background ones. Technical progress
on gaseous detectors and read-outs has permitted the design and construction of
competitive experiments. However, to take full advantage of this powerful
detection method, one need to be able to extract information from an observed
recoil map to identify a WIMP signal. We present a comprehensive formalism,
using a map-based likelihood method allowing to recover the main incoming
direction of the signal and its significance, thus proving its galactic origin.
This is a blind analysis intended to be used on any directional data.
Constraints are deduced in the () plane and systematic
studies are presented in order to show that, using this analysis tool,
unambiguous dark matter detection can be achieved on a large range of exposures
and background levels.Comment: 20 pages, 5 figures Final version to appear in Phys. Lett.
Kinetic models for optimal control of wealth inequalities
We introduce and discuss optimal control strategies for kinetic models for wealth distribution in a simple market economy, acting to minimize the variance of the wealth density among the population. Our analysis is based on a finite time horizon approximation, or model predictive control, of the corresponding control problem for the microscopic agents' dynamic and results in an alternative theoretical approach to the taxation and redistribution policy at a global level. It is shown that in general the control is able to modify the Pareto index of the stationary solution of the corresponding Boltzmann kinetic equation, and that this modification can be exactly quantified. Connections between previous Fokker-Planck based models and taxation-redistribution policies and the present approach are also discussed
Resolution of dark matter problem in f(T) gravity
In this paper, we attempt to resolve the dark matter problem in f(T) gravity.
Specifically, from our model we successfully obtain the flat rotation curves of
galaxies containing dark matter. Further, we obtain the density profile of dark
matter in galaxies. Comparison of our analytical results shows that our
torsion-based toy model for dark matter is in good agreement with empirical
data-based models. It shows that we can address the dark matter as an effect of
torsion of the space.Comment: 14 pages, 3 figure
Measurement of the scintillation time spectra and pulse-shape discrimination of low-energy beta and nuclear recoils in liquid argon with DEAP-1
The DEAP-1 low-background liquid argon detector was used to measure
scintillation pulse shapes of electron and nuclear recoil events and to
demonstrate the feasibility of pulse-shape discrimination (PSD) down to an
electron-equivalent energy of 20 keV.
In the surface dataset using a triple-coincidence tag we found the fraction
of beta events that are misidentified as nuclear recoils to be (90% C.L.) for energies between 43-86 keVee and for a nuclear recoil
acceptance of at least 90%, with 4% systematic uncertainty on the absolute
energy scale. The discrimination measurement on surface was limited by nuclear
recoils induced by cosmic-ray generated neutrons. This was improved by moving
the detector to the SNOLAB underground laboratory, where the reduced background
rate allowed the same measurement with only a double-coincidence tag.
The combined data set contains events. One of those, in the
underground data set, is in the nuclear-recoil region of interest. Taking into
account the expected background of 0.48 events coming from random pileup, the
resulting upper limit on the electronic recoil contamination is
(90% C.L.) between 44-89 keVee and for a nuclear recoil
acceptance of at least 90%, with 6% systematic uncertainty on the absolute
energy scale.
We developed a general mathematical framework to describe PSD parameter
distributions and used it to build an analytical model of the distributions
observed in DEAP-1. Using this model, we project a misidentification fraction
of approx. for an electron-equivalent energy threshold of 15 keV for
a detector with 8 PE/keVee light yield. This reduction enables a search for
spin-independent scattering of WIMPs from 1000 kg of liquid argon with a
WIMP-nucleon cross-section sensitivity of cm, assuming
negligible contribution from nuclear recoil backgrounds.Comment: Accepted for publication in Astroparticle Physic
Colliders and Cosmology
Dark matter in variations of constrained minimal supersymmetric standard
models will be discussed. Particular attention will be given to the comparison
between accelerator and direct detection constraints.Comment: Submitted for the SUSY07 proceedings, 15 pages, LaTex, 26 eps figure
Predictors of false lumen thrombosis in type B aortic dissection treated with TEVAR
BACKGROUND:
Thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) offers a less invasive treatment option in type B aortic dissection (TBAD) patients and its value has been demonstrated in acute and chronic dissection patients. Total false lumen thrombosis (FLT) is associated with better long-term outcome in these patients, however, this is not obtained in all patients. The purpose of this study was to investigate predictors of FLT.
METHODS:
We retrospectively investigated patients who underwent TEVAR for a type B dissection in a large referral center between 2005 and 2012. All patients with a CT angiogram (CTA) obtained preoperatively, postoperatively and after one year of follow-up were selected for analysis. Volume measurements and several morphologic characteristics were analyzed for all scans using Aquarius iNtuition software (TeraRecon, San Mateo, Calif, USA). Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to study the influence of these characteristics on FLT.
RESULTS:
Of 132 patients that received TEVAR for an aortic dissection, 43 patients (mean age, 60.3\ub114.2; 30 male) met our inclusion criteria, of whom 16 (37%) developed full FLT after 1 yr of follow-up. Multivariate logistic regression showed that side branch involvement [odds ratio (OR), 0.03; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.00-0.92; P=0.045] and a total patent false lumen (FL) at presentation (OR, 0.01; 95% CI, 0.00-0.58; P=0.027) were associated with decreased complete FLT. Volumetric data showed significantly more reduction of the thoracic false lumen in FLT patients compared with non-FLT (-52.3% vs. -32.4%; P=0.043) and also a tendency of less volume increase in the abdominal segment (-5.0\ub137.5 vs. 21.8\ub144.3; P=0.052).
CONCLUSIONS:
Patients admitted with type B dissection and branch vessel involvement or a patent entry tear after TEVAR are less likely to develop FLT and aortic remodeling during follow-up. These findings suggest that these patients may require a more extensive procedure and more intensive follow-up to prevent long-term complications