Phylogenomic Insight into Salinispora (Bacteria, Actinobacteria) Species Designations

Indexación: Web of Science; Scopus.Bacteria represent the most genetically diverse kingdom of life. While great progress has been made in describing this diversity, it remains difficult to identify the phylogenetic and ecological characteristics that delineate groups of bacteria that possess species-like properties. One major challenge associated with species delineations is that not all shared genes have the same evolutionary history, and thus the choice of loci can have a major impact on phylogenetic reconstruction. Sequencing the genomes of large numbers of closely related strains provides new opportunities to distinguish ancestral from acquired alleles and assess the effects of recombination on phylogenetic inference. Here we analyzed the genomes of 119 strains of the marine actinomycete genus Salinispora, which is currently comprised of three named species that share 99% 16S rRNA gene sequence identity. While 63% of the core genome showed evidence of recombination, this had no effect on species-level phylogenomic resolution. Recombination did however blur intra-species relationships and biogeographic resolution. The genome-wide average nucleotide identity provided a new perspective on Salinispora diversity, revealing as many as seven new species. Patterns of orthologous group distributions reveal a genetic basis to delineation the candidate taxa and insight into the levels of genetic cohesion associated with bacterial species.https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-017-02845-

Risk profiles and one-year outcomes of patients with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation in India: Insights from the GARFIELD-AF Registry.

BACKGROUND: The Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD-Atrial Fibrillation (GARFIELD-AF) is an ongoing prospective noninterventional registry, which is providing important information on the baseline characteristics, treatment patterns, and 1-year outcomes in patients with newly diagnosed non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). This report describes data from Indian patients recruited in this registry. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 52,014 patients with newly diagnosed AF were enrolled globally; of these, 1388 patients were recruited from 26 sites within India (2012-2016). In India, the mean age was 65.8 years at diagnosis of NVAF. Hypertension was the most prevalent risk factor for AF, present in 68.5% of patients from India and in 76.3% of patients globally (P < 0.001). Diabetes and coronary artery disease (CAD) were prevalent in 36.2% and 28.1% of patients as compared with global prevalence of 22.2% and 21.6%, respectively (P < 0.001 for both). Antiplatelet therapy was the most common antithrombotic treatment in India. With increasing stroke risk, however, patients were more likely to receive oral anticoagulant therapy [mainly vitamin K antagonist (VKA)], but average international normalized ratio (INR) was lower among Indian patients [median INR value 1.6 (interquartile range {IQR}: 1.3-2.3) versus 2.3 (IQR 1.8-2.8) (P < 0.001)]. Compared with other countries, patients from India had markedly higher rates of all-cause mortality [7.68 per 100 person-years (95% confidence interval 6.32-9.35) vs 4.34 (4.16-4.53), P < 0.0001], while rates of stroke/systemic embolism and major bleeding were lower after 1 year of follow-up. CONCLUSION: Compared to previously published registries from India, the GARFIELD-AF registry describes clinical profiles and outcomes in Indian patients with AF of a different etiology. The registry data show that compared to the rest of the world, Indian AF patients are younger in age and have more diabetes and CAD. Patients with a higher stroke risk are more likely to receive anticoagulation therapy with VKA but are underdosed compared with the global average in the GARFIELD-AF. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION-URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01090362

Papel del cirujano plástico en una Unidad de Mama: 20 años de experiencia

Cada vez más, con el fin de alcanzar un resultado final integral óptimo, las Unidades de tratamiento del cáncer de mama requieren las habilidades de un cirujano plástico reconstructor. En nuestra Unidad, desde hace más de 20 años, se entiende como calidad asistencial la suma de competencia oncológica y habilidad reconstructiva. Por ello se incorpora como miembro integral del equipo clínico la figura del cirujano plástico, aportando criterios estéticos a la cirugía oncológica aplicando las técnicas de cirugía oncoplástica. En este artículo analizamos la evolución de la cirugía oncoplástica en los últimos 20 años, demostrando la importancia del cirujano plástico como miembro integral de Unidad de Patología Mamaria

EVALUATION OF HYBRIDS FROM SIMPLE CROSSES USING MAIZE ELITE LANDRACES WITH FORAGE OUTSTANDING CHARACTERISTICS FOR A MEXICAN ARID LAND

The Comarca Lagunera region is the most important area of maize forage in México. In this region; which is shared by the Mexican States of Coahuila and Durango, are used a great amount of hybrids and varieties of maize imported from other countries. Generally, these genotypes are not completely adapted to the soil and/or climatic conditions of the region. These antecedents lead scientists to pursuit for genotypes with the best adaptation to such conditions. The present investigation was carried out with the aim to find the best hybrids from the crosses of ten self-pollinating landraces following a diallel mating design. The landraces were obtained from different institutions: a) the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), b) the “Antonio Narro†Agrarian Autonomist University (UAAAN), and c) the National Institute of Agriculture, Forestry and Livestock Research (INIFAP). The following variables were evaluated from the hybrids: whole plant fresh matter yield (FMY), whole plant dry matter (DMY), fresh fruit yield (FFY) fresh stem yield (FSY), and fresh foliar yield (FLY). All variables reported as t ha-1. The Griffing statistical analysis was used to determine the general combining ability (GCA), and the specific combining ability (SCA). The highest values of GCA were obtained for the landraces M7, M8, and M9. The hybrids with highest SCA were: M5xM7, M2xM7, M6x10, M4xM8, M5xM8, M8xM10, M2xM5, M1xM10 and M6xM9. Two of these hybrids (M5xM7 and M2xM7) also showed the highest values for FMY and DMY. In conclusion, there is enough variability on FMY and DMY to believe on the possibility to find the most appropriate hybrid for the targeted region, and also to extend the breeding program to other arid lands in Méxic

Relações hídricas, rendimento e compostos fenólicos de uvas Cabernet Sauvignon em três tipos de solo.

No presente trabalho, foi avaliada a influência de três tipos de solo (Argissolo Bruno-acizentado, Planossolo Háplico e Neossolo Regolítico) sobre aspectos quantitativos e qualitativos da produção de uvas destinadas à vinificação. O experimento foi executado no ciclo 2008/2009, em vinhedo da cultivar Cabernet Sauvignon (Vitis vinifera L.), no município de Bento Gonçalves, (RS). Avaliou-se a disponibilidade hídrica em base gravimétrica ao longo do período de maturação das uvas, o potencial da água na folha, parâmetros de crescimento vegetativo, componentes do rendimento e os compostos fenólicos no momento da colheita. Argissolos Bruno-acizentados propiciaram maior crescimento vegetativo, sobretudo em massa de ramos, comprimento de entrenós e área foliar, assim como, cachos com maior número de bagas. Planossolos Háplicos com maior disponibilidade hídrica proporcionaram maior produtividade das videiras. Neossolos Regolíticos levaram à menor disponibilidade hídrica, o que reflete em redução do potencial da água na folha. Nestas condições de restrição hídrica, as videiras tiveram menor crescimento e rendimento, como também, maiores teores de taninos e índice de polifenóis totais. Em geral, o Neossolo Regolítico pode ser considerado mais promissor para a obtenção de vinhos finos de qualidade