Low-voltage low-power CMOS analogue circuits for Gaussian and uniform noise generation

IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, MAY 25-28, 2003, Bangkok, Thailand. (ISI Web of Science)A CMOS analogue circuit for Gaussian noise generution as well as a novel circuitfor transforming Gaussian noise into uniform noise, hoth.designed/or operating with a supply voltoge o/ I . S K arepresented. Both circuits are optimizedfor U 0 . 3 5st~an - dord CMOS technology using an equation-based design methodology based on generic algorithms. Electrical simulations demonstrate that high noise amplinrdes together with reasonable hondwidths can be achieved with relatively low power dissipation. Potential applications include self-calihrution and on-chip self-testing of video-rate analogue-to-digital converter

Emphysematous Pyelonephritis

Os autores apresentam um caso de pielonefrite enfisematosa a E. coli, numa doente diabética de 63 anos. Os exames imagiológicos(Rx simples do abdómen, ultrassonografia e tomografia computorizada) permitiram estabelecer o diagnóstico. A nefrostomia percutânea, combinada com o tratamento médico, contribuiu para a favorável evolução clínica

Design of a Spiral-Mode Microstrip Antenna and Matching Circuitry for Ultra-Wide-Band Receivers

Abstract

CD36 Participates in PrP106–126-Induced Activation of Microglia

Microglial activation is a characteristic feature of the pathogenesis of prion diseases. The molecular mechanisms that underlie prion-induced microglial activation are not very well understood. In the present study, we investigated the role of the class B scavenger receptor CD36 in microglial activation induced by neurotoxic prion protein (PrP) fragment 106–126 (PrP106–126). We first examined the time course of CD36 mRNA expression upon exposure to PrP106–126 in BV2 microglia. We then analyzed different parameters of microglial activation in PrP106–126-treated cells in the presence or not of anti-CD36 monoclonal antibody (mAb). The cells were first incubated for 1 h with CD36 monoclonal antibody to block the CD36 receptor, and were then treated with neurotoxic prion peptides PrP106–126. The results showed that PrP106–126 treatment led to a rapid yet transitory increase in the mRNA expression of CD36, upregulated mRNA and protein levels of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α), increased iNOS expression and nitric oxide (NO) production, stimulated the activation of NF-κB and caspase-1, and elevated Fyn activity. The blockade of CD36 had no effect on PrP106–126-stimulated NF-κB activation and TNF-α protein release, abrogated the PrP106–126-induced iNOS stimulation, downregulated IL-1β and IL-6 expression at both mRNA and protein levels as well as TNF-α mRNA expression, decreased NO production and Fyn phosphorylation, reduced caspase-1 cleavage induced by moderate PrP106–126 –treatment, but had no effect on caspase-1 activation after treatment with a high concentration of PrP106–126. Together, these results suggest that CD36 is involved in PrP106–126-induced microglial activation and that the participation of CD36 in the interaction between PrP106–126 and microglia may be mediated by Src tyrosine kinases. Our findings provide new insights into the mechanisms underlying the activation of microglia by neurotoxic prion peptides and open perspectives for new therapeutic strategies for prion diseases by modulation of CD36 signaling

The Parkinson's Disease-Linked Protein DJ-1 Associates with Cytoplasmic mRNP Granules During Stress and Neurodegeneration.

Mutations in the gene encoding DJ-1 are associated with autosomal recessive forms of Parkinson's disease (PD). DJ-1 plays a role in protection from oxidative stress, but how it functions as an "upstream" oxidative stress sensor and whether this relates to PD is still unclear. Intriguingly, DJ-1 may act as an RNA binding protein associating with specific mRNA transcripts in the human brain. Moreover, we previously reported that the yeast DJ-1 homolog Hsp31 localizes to stress granules (SGs) after glucose starvation, suggesting a role for DJ-1 in RNA dynamics. Here, we report that DJ-1 interacts with several SG components in mammalian cells and localizes to SGs, as well as P-bodies, upon induction of either osmotic or oxidative stress. By purifying the mRNA associated with DJ-1 in mammalian cells, we detected several transcripts and found that subpopulations of these localize to SGs after stress, suggesting that DJ-1 may target specific mRNAs to mRNP granules. Notably, we find that DJ-1 associates with SGs arising from N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) excitotoxicity in primary neurons and parkinsonism-inducing toxins in dopaminergic cell cultures. Thus, our results indicate that DJ-1 is associated with cytoplasmic RNA granules arising during stress and neurodegeneration, providing a possible link between DJ-1 and RNA dynamics which may be relevant for PD pathogenesis

Analysis on 10 years of ISPE/CEconf community

The 10th Conference on Concurrent Engineering provides an excellent occasion for looking back into history of the ISPE/CEconf community. This community has manifested itself in the many papers that have been presented at the previous nine conferences. After ten years of concerted effort to develop and dis-seminate results in CE research and practice sufficient material is available to generate a consolidated vision of Concurrent Engineering. In this paper, results from an analysis of the past nine proceedings are presented. Based on this material, the ISPE/CEconf community is characterized. A medium-term and long-term vision on Concurrent Engineering are formulated to guide the community in the coming 10 years