Mechanics and Failure of Structured Interfaces

This dissertation concerns heterogeneous, structured interfaces' mechanics and failure, in particular the load response, critical fracture energy and crack kinetics. During the project eight manuscripts have been prepared and submitted to scientific journals. Five of these are included here forming the main body of the dissertation. The topics of these include development and test of a new nano-adhesive based on polymer brushes to bond rubber and metal, a novel peel test specimen comprising a heterogeneous geometry, consequences of zones of weak adhesion, bridging of a support carrier in the bondline, and, macro- and micromechanical behavior of pillar-structured interfaces. Analytical modeling and numerical simulations backed up by experimental testing were used to study these, among others

Underminerer naturaliseringsprogrammet demokratiet? De danske naturaliseringskrav i lyset af Habermas’ demokratiteori

The group of Danish non-citizens is large due to strict naturalization demands. Are these demands reason- able? Speci cally, do they undermine their own ends if we evaluate the demands in light of the fact that successful applicants gain full democratic rights? In light of Habermas’ description of autonomy as the central democratic virtue, the paper discusses whether the demands stimulate the central citizenship virtue here de ned as ‘democratic autonomy’; a theoretical ideal which ts in the Danish case. Based on a sceptical evaluation of the naturalization demands in general and of the Danish language test in speci c, the paper discusses the merits of a possible alternative naturalization program. is program is also sketched on the basis of Habermasian ideas.

De fagprofessionelle, behovsfortolkning og legitimitet i ældreplejepolitikken

Hvilken rolle burde borgere og plejepersonale tilskrives i udviklingen af politik på ældreplejeområdet? Det dominerende synspunkt tilskriver dem en begrænset rolle. Det er dog væsentligt, at der her er tale om en klassisk magtkamp i behovspolitikken: Hvem skal kunne bestemme de legitime behov i velfærdsstaten? Flere peger på relevansen af Jürgen Habermas’ komplekse teoriudvikling for afklaring af legitimitet i behovspolitikken. Tilgangen er først og fremmest relevant, fordi den peger på de funktioner, den demokratiske velfærdsstat bør påtage sig i forhold til at sikre behovskommunikationen på tværs af samfundet. Med afsæt i Habermas’ egen tænkning såvel som de nyeste udviklinger i ældreplejen tilføjer artiklen, at vi bør have skarpere blik for de udfordringer for en sådan tværgående kommunikation, der skyldes forskelle i erfarings- og forståelsespositioner, der bunder i graden af omsorgsafhængighed. Den udfordring åbner op for at tilskrive fagprofessionelle i ældreplejen er særlig rolle som brobyggere i den demokratiske diskussion om legitimitet i ældreplejepolitikken. Det kræver dog, at de også tilskrives en mere aktiv rolle som behovsfortolkere i samarbejde med plejekrævende borgere, end aktuel plejepolitik tilskriver dem

Comparative Study of CFD and LedaFlow Models for Riser-Induced Slug Flow

The goal of this study is to compare mainstream Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) with the widely used 1D transient model LedaFlow in their ability to predict riser induced slug flow and to determine if it is relevant for the offshore oil and gas industry to consider making the switch from LedaFlow to CFD. Presently, the industry use relatively simple 1D-models, such as LedaFlow, to predict flow patterns in pipelines. The reduction in cost of computational power in recent years have made it relevant to compare the performance of these codes with high fidelity CFD simulations. A laboratory test facility was used to obtain data for pressure and mass flow rates for the two-phase flow of air and water. A benchmark case of slug flow served for evaluation of the numerical models. A 3D unsteady CFD simulation was performed based on Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) formulation and the Volume of Fluid (VOF) model using the open-source CFD code OpenFOAM. Unsteady simulations using the commercial 1D LedaFlow solver were performed using the same boundary conditions and fluid properties as the CFD simulation. Both the CFD and LedaFlow model underpredicted the experimentally determined slug frequency by 22% and 16% respectively. Both models predicted a classical blowout, in which the riser is completely evacuated of water, while only a partial evacuation of the riser was observed experimentally. The CFD model had a runtime of 57 h while the LedaFlow model had a runtime of 13 min. It can be concluded that the prediction capabilities of the CFD and LedaFlow models are similar for riser-induced slug flow while the CFD model is much more computational intensive

The acidic domain of the endothelial membrane protein GPIHBP1 stabilizes lipoprotein lipase activity by preventing unfolding of its catalytic domain.

GPIHBP1 is a glycolipid-anchored membrane protein of capillary endothelial cells that binds lipoprotein lipase (LPL) within the interstitial space and shuttles it to the capillary lumen. The LPL•GPIHBP1 complex is responsible for margination of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins along capillaries and their lipolytic processing. The current work conceptualizes a model for the GPIHBP1•LPL interaction based on biophysical measurements with hydrogen-deuterium exchange/mass spectrometry, surface plasmon resonance, and zero-length cross-linking. According to this model, GPIHBP1 comprises two functionally distinct domains: (1) an intrinsically disordered acidic N-terminal domain; and (2) a folded C-terminal domain that tethers GPIHBP1 to the cell membrane by glycosylphosphatidylinositol. We demonstrate that these domains serve different roles in regulating the kinetics of LPL binding. Importantly, the acidic domain stabilizes LPL catalytic activity by mitigating the global unfolding of LPL's catalytic domain. This study provides a conceptual framework for understanding intravascular lipolysis and GPIHBP1 and LPL mutations causing familial chylomicronemia

A multicenter prospective study of patients undergoing open ventral hernia repair with intraperitoneal positioning using the monofilament polyester composite ventral patch : interim results of the PANACEA study

This study assessed the recurrence rate and other safety and efficacy parameters following ventral hernia repair with a polyester composite prosthesis (Parietex™ Composite Ventral Patch [PCO-VP])