Dental Practitioners’ Opinions and Methods in the Management of Oral Mucosal Lesions and TMJ Disorders in Dakshina Kannada District: A Questionnaire Based Survey

INTRODUCTION: Oral mucosal lesions and temperomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders are important areas of concern in the present dental practice due to their increasing prevalence. Timely management is important as it aids in maximal prognosis.AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to determine the awareness of dental practitioners in Dakshina Kannada district of Karnataka, regarding various aspects of oral mucosal lesions and TMJ disorders. And also to know their interest in managing such disorders.MATERIALS AND METHODS: A self- administered questionnaire was constructed and given to dental practitioners, selected through multistage cluster random sampling method; from Dakshina Kannada district. Chi-square test was performed and the level of significance was set at p < 0.05.RESULTS: The majority of dental practitioners had a dental practice of duration five to ten years. Many of the respondents (72%) indicated that oral ulcers are the most common mucosal lesions and prescribed topical anaesthetics for these. The investigations suggested were blood investigations (24%) for various oral mucosal lesions and radiographs (20%) for TMJ disorders. Different pharmacological treatments provided by the majority of the respondents were topical anaesthetics and multi vitamin supplements. About 34% dental practitioners routinely refer the patients to specialty practitioners.CONCLUSION: The present study shows that there should be emphasis on workshops and various other awareness programs for general dental practitioners for better understanding of the subject and about the latest protocols regarding referral of the patients to specialists

FIRST DETRITAL ZIRCON GEOCHRONOLOGY DATA FOR CLASTIC ROCKS OF THE EAST SAKHALIN ACCRETIONARY TERRANE

First detrital zircon geochronology data and results of geochemical studies for clastic rocks of the Rymnik and Nabil zones of the East Sakhalin accretionary terrane, located within the region of the East Sakhalin Mountains, are presented. The studies have been carried out at the Center for Collective Use of Far Eastern Geological Institute of the Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences in Vladivostok. The established geochemical features suggest that the source of the clastic material of the zones was felsic rocks of the deeply eroded continental island arc or arcs. Although the geochemical characteristics are similar, there are sharp differences between the detrital zircons’ age distribution patterns of rocks of these zones. In the sandstone of the Nabil zone, 75 % of the zircon grains are of the middle Cretaceous age (94–108 Ma) with a peak of 96 Ma, 15 % are the middle Permian-Early Jurassic, and 10 % are the Precambrian (mainly Paleoproterozoic). The sandstone of the Rymnik zone has a more complex (polymodal) pattern of the detrital zircon age distribution, with a significant contribution of the Precambrian grains (37 %). Most of the grains belong to the Early Jurassic (peak 196 Ma) and the Early Cretaceous (peak 137 Ma), with 47 % of the Mesozoic grains. The likely provenances of the clastic material were the Middle Cretaceous volcanic arcs of the Asian eastern margin older complexes of the continent

Spatial and seasonal ionospheric error growth in DGPS measurement: a case study in Malaysia

This paper tackles the Equatorial ionosphere and its effects on Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) error growth over Malaysia by using a network of GPS Continuously Operating Reference Stations (CORS). Seasonal variation of ionospheric delay has been examined and findings show that the effect of spatial variation of ionospheric errors in DGPS is very significant during the equinoctial seasons. Furthermore, a DGPS regression model was developed and tested during the solar maximum year in 2013 by using internet-based DGPS. The results show that the model is capable of estimating DGPS positional errors for distances of user to reference station less than 680 km

ПЕРВЫЕ ДАННЫЕ ПО U/PB ДАТИРОВАНИЮ ДЕТРИТОВЫХ ЦИРКОНОВ ИЗ ТЕРРИГЕННЫХ ПОРОД ВОСТОЧНО-САХАЛИНСКОГО АККРЕЦИОННОГО ТЕРРЕЙНА

First detrital zircon geochronology data and results of geochemical studies for clastic rocks of the Rymnik and Nabil zones of the East Sakhalin accretionary terrane, located within the region of the East Sakhalin Mountains, are presented. The studies have been carried out at the Center for Collective Use of Far Eastern Geological Institute of the Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences in Vladivostok. The established geochemical features suggest that the source of the clastic material of the zones was felsic rocks of the deeply eroded continental island arc or arcs. Although the geochemical characteristics are similar, there are sharp differences between the detrital zircons’ age distribution patterns of rocks of these zones. In the sandstone of the Nabil zone, 75 % of the zircon grains are of the middle Cretaceous age (94–108 Ma) with a peak of 96 Ma, 15 % are the middle Permian-Early Jurassic, and 10 % are the Precambrian (mainly Paleoproterozoic). The sandstone of the Rymnik zone has a more complex (polymodal) pattern of the detrital zircon age distribution, with a significant contribution of the Precambrian grains (37 %). Most of the grains belong to the Early Jurassic (peak 196 Ma) and the Early Cretaceous (peak 137 Ma), with 47 % of the Mesozoic grains. The likely provenances of the clastic material were the Middle Cretaceous volcanic arcs of the Asian eastern margin older complexes of the continent.В работе представлены первые результаты U/Pb датирования детритовых цирконов и исследования геохимии терригенных пород Рымникской и Набильской зон Восточно-Сахалинского аккреционного террейна (район Восточно-Сахалинских гор), выполненных в Центре коллективного пользования ДВГИ ДВО РАН. Установленные геохимические особенности позволяют предположить, что источником терригенного материала пород обеих зон являлись кислые породы глубоко эродированной эпиконтинентальной островной дуги (дуг). При сходстве геохимических характеристик породы Набильской и Рымникской зон резко различаются по спектрам распределения возрастов детритовых цирконов. В песчанике Набильской зоны 75 % зерен циркона имеют среднемеловой возраст (94–108 млн лет) с пиком 96 млн лет, 15 % − среднепермско-раннеюрский возраст и 10 % − докембрийский (главным образом палеопротерозойский). Песчаник Рымникской зоны имеет более сложный (полимодальный) спектр распределения возрастов детритового циркона, со значительным вкладом докембрийских зерен (37 %). Большинство зерен имеют раннеюрский (пик 196 млн лет) и раннемеловой (пик 137 млн лет) возраст при 47 % мезозойских зерен. Вероятными источниками терригенного материала являлись среднемеловые магматические дуги восточной окраины Азии и более древние комплексы континента

ВОЗРАСТ ГРАНИТОИДОВ БЕКЧИУЛСКОГО ИНТРУЗИВНОГО МАССИВА (НИЖНЕЕ ПРИАМУРЬЕ)

The Bekchiul pluton is located in the Lower Amur region and is a large granitoid body of complex structure within the Zhuravlevka-Amur terrain of the Sikhote-Alin orogenic belt. On the northwestern flank of the Bekchiul pluton there is the Mnogovershinnoe gold-silver deposit. To determine the formation time of this pluton, U/Pb dating was performed on zircons from the second-phase granodiorite of the Bekchiul complex and the third-phase granite. Granodiorite yielded U-Pb age of 73.8±0.4 Ma, and granite – 66.2±0.3 Ma. Some zircon grains found in granite have a U-Pb age of 75.6±0.6 Ma which is close to that of granodiorites. Magmatic pulses of about 76–73 Ma and about 66 Ma are synchronous with the stages of ore formation of the Mnogovershinnoe deposit, corresponding to earlier-obtained K-Ar age of adularia from ore zones. The formation of granitoids and the associated mineralization probably occurred due to subduction of the Izanagi Plate beneath the continental margin.Бекчиулский интрузивный массив расположен в Нижнем Приамурье и представляет собой крупный гранитоидный плутон сложного строения в пределах Журавлевско-Амурского террейна Сихотэ-Алинского орогенного пояса. На северо-западном фланге Бекчиулского плутона находится крупное золотосеребряное месторождение Многовершинное. Для определения времени формирования данного плутона было проведено U-Pb датирование цирконов из гранодиорита второй фазы бекчиулского комплекса и гранита третьей фазы. Для гранодиорита был получен возраст 73.8±0.4 млн лет, а для гранита ‒ 66.2±0.3 млн лет. При этом в последнем обнаружены немногочисленные зерна циркона, близкие по возрасту гранодиоритам ‒ 75.6±0.6 млн лет. Магматическим импульсам около 76–73 млн лет и около 66 млн лет синхронны стадии рудообразования Многовершинного месторождения, соответствующие возрасту адуляра из рудных зон, полученного ранее K-Ar методом. Формирование гранитоидов и связанное с ними рудообразование, вероятно, происходили в результате субдукции плиты Изанаги под окраину континента

PEBSI - A Monte Carlo simulator for bremsstrahlung arising from electrons colliding with thin solid-state targets

We present a Monte Carlo code dedicated to the simulation of bremsstrahlung arising in collisions of polarized electrons with thin target foils. The program consists of an electron transport algorithm taking into account elastic electron-nucleus scattering and inelastic collisions with target electrons as well as a treatment of polarized-electron bremsstrahlung emission. Good agreement is found between the predictions of the electron transport code and data stemming from other simulation programs and experiments. In addition, we present first results from the bremsstrahlung simulation which indicate a significant decrease in the degree of linear polarization of bremsstrahlung even for the thinnest gold targets considered

Catalytic living ring-opening metathesis polymerization

In living ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP), a transition-metal–carbene complex polymerizes ring-strained olefins with very good control of the molecular weight of the resulting polymers. Because one molecule of the initiator is required for each polymer chain, however, this type of polymerization is expensive for widespread use. We have now designed a chain-transfer agent (CTA) capable of reducing the required amount of metal complex while still maintaining full control over the living polymerization process. This new method introduces a degenerative transfer process to ROMP. We demonstrate that substituted cyclohexene rings are good CTAs, and thereby preserve the ‘living’ character of the polymerization using catalytic quantities of the metal complex. The resulting polymers show characteristics of a living polymerization, namely narrow molecular-weight distribution, controlled molecular weights and block copolymer formation. This new technique provides access to well- defined polymers for industrial, biomedical and academic use at a fraction of the current costs and significantly reduced levels of residual ruthenium catalyst

Factors associated with spontaneous stone passage in a contemporary cohort of patients presenting with acute ureteric colic. Results from the MIMIC Study (A Multi-centre cohort study evaluating the role of Inflammatory Markers in patients presenting with acute ureteric Colic)

Objectives There is conflicting data on the role of white blood cell count (WBC) and other inflammatory markers in spontaneous stone passage in patients with acute ureteric colic. The aim of the study was to assess the relationship of WBC and other routinely collected inflammatory and clinical markers including stone size, stone position and Medically Expulsive Therapy use (MET) with spontaneous stone passage (SSP) in a large contemporary cohort of patients with acute ureteric colic. Subjects and Methods Multi‐centre retrospective cohort study coordinated by the British Urology Researchers in Surgical Training (BURST) Research Collaborative at 71 secondary care hospitals across 4 countries (United Kingdom, Republic of Ireland, Australia and New Zealand). 4170 patients presented with acute ureteric colic and a computer tomography confirmed single ureteric stone. Our primary outcome measure was SSP as defined by the absence of need for intervention to assist stone passage. Multivariable mixed effects logistic regression was used to explore the relationship between key patient factors and SSP. Results 2518 patients were discharged with conservative management and had further follow up with a SSP rate of 74% (n = 1874/2518). Sepsis after discharge with conservative management was reported in 0.6% (n = 16/2518). On multivariable analysis neither WBC, Neutrophils or CRP were seen to predict SSP, with an adjusted OR of 0.97 [95% CI 0.91 to 1.04, p = 0.38], 1.06 [95% CI 0.99 to 1.13, p = 0.1] and 1.00 [95% CI 0.99 to 1.00, p = 0.17], respectively. Medical expulsive therapy (MET) also did not predict SSP [adjusted OR 1.11 [95% CI 0.76 to 1.61]). However, stone size and stone position were significant predictors. SSP for stones 7mm. For stones in the upper ureter the SSP rate was 52% [95% CI 48 to 56], middle ureter was 70% [95% CI 64 to 76], and lower ureter was 83% [95% CI 81 to 85]. Conclusion In contrast to the previously published literature, we found that in patients with acute ureteric colic who are discharged with initial conservative management, neither WBC, Neutrophil count or CRP help determine the likelihood of spontaneous stone passage. We also found no overall benefit from the use of MET. Stone size and position are important predictors and our findings represent the most comprehensive stone passage rates for each mm increase in stone size from a large contemporary cohort adjusting for key potential confounders. We anticipate that these data will aid clinicians managing patients with acute ureteric colic and help guide management decisions and the need for intervention