Mobility as a Service: An Exploratory Study of Consumer Mobility Behaviour

Key challenges in transportation need to be addressed to tackle the problems of fossil fuel emissions and worsened air quality in urban area. The development of a more efficient and clean transport system could benefit from mobility as a service (MaaS). The present paper aims to understand the determinants of the intention to adopt such a service. We test the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) on mobility behavior and intention to adopt mobility as a service, and we analyze the role of perceived cost saving as a determinant for the perceived ease of use. Data were collected through a survey on a sample of 201 potential adopters. The findings show that for such a technology, perceived usefulness fully mediate the influence of perceived ese of use on the intention to adopt. Moreover, the effect of perceived cost saving on perceived ease of use is moderated by the life cycle of the technology. Implications for marketing managers and policy makers are discussed

Capacitação de funcionárias de clínicas de saúde bucal: um caminho para a humanização do atendimento odontológico

Considerando que as condutas de acolhimento na Odontologia interferem na qualidade e no sucesso do atendimento, o objetivo do presente artigo é relatar a capacitação de funcionárias de clínicas de saúde bucal, com foco na humanização do atendimento odontológico. Métodos: Foram desenvolvidas atividades extensionistas de capacitação em serviço junto à totalidade de funcionárias das clínicas odontológicas de uma universidade do sul do Brasil, por meio de diálogo individual e disseminação de instrumentos educativos. Resultados: De forma direta as participantes relataram auto compreensão e valorização do processo de acolhimento em saúde bucal, e sentimento de pertencimento ao curso. Indiretamente apontaram a percepção de motivação e realização individual dos pacientes. Conclusão: A capacitação de funcionárias públicas se mostra como prática de saúde promissora para a humanização do atendimento odontológico

A Tree-Loop Duality Relation at Two Loops and Beyond

The duality relation between one-loop integrals and phase-space integrals, developed in a previous work, is extended to higher-order loops. The duality relation is realized by a modification of the customary +i0 prescription of the Feynman propagators, which compensates for the absence of the multiple-cut contributions that appear in the Feynman tree theorem. We rederive the duality theorem at one-loop order in a form that is more suitable for its iterative extension to higher-loop orders. We explicitly show its application to two- and three-loop scalar master integrals, and we discuss the structure of the occurring cuts and the ensuing results in detail.Comment: 20 pages. Few typos corrected, some additional comments included, Appendix B and one reference added. Final version as published in JHE

Living in a box: Understanding acoustic parameters in the NICU environment

BackgroundIn the last years, a significant body of scientific literature was dedicated to the noisy environment preterm-born infants experience during their admission to Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICUs). Nonetheless, specific data on sound characteristics within and outside the incubator are missing. Therefore, this study aimed to shed light on noise level and sound characteristics within the incubator, considering the following domain: environmental noise, incubator handling, and respiratory support.MethodsThe study was performed at the Pediatric Simulation Center at the Medical University of Vienna. Evaluation of noise levels inside and outside the incubator was performed using current signal analysis libraries and toolboxes, and differences between dBA and dBSPL values for the same acoustic noises were investigated. Noise level results were furthermore classed within previously reported sound levels derived from a literature survey. In addition, sound characteristics were evaluated by means of more than 70 temporal, spectral, and modulatory timbre features.ResultsOur results show high noise levels related to various real-life situations within the NICU environment. Differences have been observed between A weighted (dBA) and unweighted (dBSPL) values for the same acoustic stimulus. Sonically, the incubator showed a dampening effect on sounds (less high frequency components, less brightness/sharpness, less roughness, and noisiness). However, a strong tonal booming component was noticeable, caused by the resonance inside the incubator cavity. Measurements and a numerical model identified a resonance of the incubator at 97 Hz and a reinforcement of the sound components in this range of up to 28 dB.ConclusionSound characteristics, the strong low-frequency incubator resonance, and levels in dBSPL should be at the forefront of both the development and promotion of incubators when helping to preserve the hearing of premature infants

VizieR Online Data Catalog: Lockman Hole Polarised Sources at 1.4GHz (Berger+, 2021)

This study is based on the WSRT observations of the Lockman Hole field at 1.4GHz (Prandoni et al., 2018MNRAS.481.4548P). The data consist of 16 individual pointings, each observed for a full synthesis of 12-hrs between December 2006 and January 2007. The centre of the mosaic was chosen to be at RA=10:53:16.6; DE=+58:01:15 (J2000). We present a new deep-field analysis of polarised sources in the Lockman Hole at 1.4GHz, using a bespoke polarised mosaic with a central RMS of 7uJy/beam. We find 150 polarised sources in an area of 6.5deg2 out of 1708 total-intensity sources in this field (8.8%). This equates to a polarised source density of 23deg-2. (3 data files)

Is there an optimal minimally invasive technique for left anterior descending coronary artery bypass?

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the clinical outcome of three different minimally invasive surgical techniques for left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG): Port-Access surgery (PA-CABG), minimally invasive direct CABG (MIDCAB) and off-pump totally endoscopic CABG (TECAB).</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Over a decade, 160 eligible patients for elective LAD bypass were referred to one of the three techniques: 48 PA-CABG, 53 MIDCAB and 59 TECAB. In MIDCAB group, Euroscore was higher and target vessel quality was worse. In TECAB group, early patency was systematically evaluated using coronary CT scan. During follow-up (mean 2.7 ± 0.1 years, cumulated 438 years) symptom-based angiography was performed.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>There was no conversion from off-pump to on-pump procedure or to sternotomy approach. In TECAB group, there was one hospital cardiac death (1.7%), reoperation for bleeding was higher (8.5% vs 3.7% in MIDCAB and 2% in PA-CABG) and 3-month LAD reintervention was significantly higher (10% vs 1.8% in MIDCAB and 0% in PA-CABG). There was no difference between MIDCAB and PA-CABG groups. During follow-up, symptom-based angiography (n = 12) demonstrated a good patency of LAD bypass in all groups and 4 patients underwent a no LAD reintervention. At 3 years, there was no difference in survival; 3-year angina-free survival and reintervention-free survival were significantly lower in TECAB group (TECAB, 85 ± 12%, 88 ± 8%; MIDCAB, 100%, 98 ± 5%; PA-CABG, 94 ± 8%, 100%; respectively).</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Our study confirmed that minimally invasive LAD grafting was safe and effective. TECAB is associated with a higher rate of early bypass failure and reintervention. MIDCAB is still the most reliable surgical technique for isolated LAD grafting and the least cost effective.</p

Tuberculosis in childhood: retrospective study

Introdução: a tuberculose (TB) infantil permanece como uma das doenças mais prevalentes e preocupantes no mundo, sobretudo em nações em desenvolvimento, onde as taxas são ainda mais elevadas e os casos descritos subestimados pela dificuldade em se estabelecer um diagnóstico definitivo. Objetivo: descrever o perfil clínico e epidemiológico dos pacientes com TB infantil pulmonar e ex trapulmonar. Métodos: foram avaliados retrospectivamente, através de questionário, pacientes com idade de até 15 anos, internados no Serviço de Pediatria do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), no período de janeiro de 2002 a setembro de 2007. Resultados: dos 52 pacientes incluídos, 63% apresentavam TB pulmonar. Das formas extrapulmonares, a meningoencefalite foi a mais prevalente (22%). Comorbidades foram detectadas em 31 (60%) pacientes, dos quais 15 (29%) apresentavam desnutrição grave, 9 (18%) HIV positivo e 7 (13%) pneumopatia crônica. Das manifestações clínicas, febre e tosse estavam presentes na maioria dos pacientes. O padrão radiológico predominante foi o de consolidação pulmonar (51%). A maioria dos pacientes referia história de contato com paciente bacilífero (64%). Conclusão: a TB pulmonar representa a principal forma de apresentação clínica da TB, sendo o diagnóstico feito de forma presuntiva na maioria dos casos. Os resultados do nosso estudo reforçam a importância da anamnese (história epidemiológica e vacinal) e achados clínicos e radiológicos para o diagnóstico de TB infantil. Tendo em vista que a TB em crianças é considerada um “evento sentinela”, indicando recente transmissão a partir de um adulto infectado, além da maior gravidade da doença nesta população, torna-se imperativo uma maior ênfase na prevenção e diagnóstico precoces.Background: tuberculosis (TB) in childhood remains one of the most prevalent and disturbing diseases worldwide. This is especially true in developing countries, where TB rates are even higher and the number of cases is underestimated because of the difficulty to establish definitive diagnosis. Aim: the present study was to describe the clinical and epidemiological profile of children with pulmonary and extrapulmonary TB. Methods: we used a questionnaire to retrospectively evaluate patients aged up to 15 years admitted to the Pediatric Unit of HCPA from January 2002 to September 2007. Results: of the 52 patients included in the study, 63% had pulmonary TB. Among the extrapulmonary forms, meningoencephalitis was the most prevalent (22%). Comorbidities were detected in 31 (60%) patients, and 15 (29%) of them had severe malnutrition, 9 (18%) were positive for HIV, and 7 (13%) had chronic lung disease. Among the clinical manifestations, fever and cough were present in most patients. The predominant radiological pattern was pulmonar y consolidation (51%). Most patients repor ted a history of contact with contagious TB patients (64%). Conclusion: pulmonary TB is the main clinical presentation of TB, and most patients receive a presumptive diagnosis. Our results reinforce the impor tance of anamnesis (epidemiological and vaccination history) and clinical and radiological findings to establish the diagnosis of TB in childhood. Considering that TB in children is a “sentinel event”, indicating recent transmission from an infected adult, and because of the greater severity of the disease in this population, it is crucial to emphasize prevention and early diagnosis

ERα-LBD, an isoform of estrogen receptor alpha, promotes breast cancer proliferation and endocrine resistance

Estrogen receptor alpha (ER alpha) drives mammary gland development and breast cancer (BC) growth through an evolutionarily conserved linkage of DNA binding and hormone activation functions. Therapeutic targeting of the hormone binding pocket is a widely utilized and successful strategy for breast cancer prevention and treatment. However, resistance to this endocrine therapy is frequently encountered and may occur through bypass or reactivation of ER-regulated transcriptional programs. We now identify the induction of an ER alpha isoform, ER alpha-LBD, that is encoded by an alternative ESR1 transcript and lacks the activation function and DNA binding domains. Despite lacking the transcriptional activity, ER alpha-LBD is found to promote breast cancer growth and resistance to the ER alpha antagonist fulvestrant. ER alpha-LBD is predominantly localized to the cytoplasm and mitochondria of BC cells and leads to enhanced glycolysis, respiration and stem-like features. Intriguingly, ER alpha-LBD expression and function does not appear to be restricted to cancers that express full length ER alpha but also promotes growth of triple-negative breast cancers and ER alpha-LBD transcript (ESR1-LBD) is also present in BC samples from both ER alpha(+) and ER alpha(-) human tumors. These findings point to ER alpha-LBD as a potential mediator of breast cancer progression and therapy resistance

Sleep study, respiratory mechanics, chemosensitive response and quality of life in morbidly obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery: a prospective, randomized, controlled trial

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Obesity is a major public health problem in both developed and developing countries alike and leads to a series of changes in respiratory physiology. There is a strong correlation between obesity and cardiopulmonary sleep disorders. Weight loss among such patients leads to a reduction in these alterations in respiratory physiology, but clinical treatment is not effective for a long period of time. Thus, bariatric surgery is a viable option.</p> <p>Methods/Design</p> <p>The present study involves patients with morbid obesity (BMI of 40 kg/m²or 35 kg/m²to 39.9 kg/m²with comorbidities), candidates for bariatric surgery, screened at the Santa Casa de Misericórdia Hospital in the city of Sao Paulo (Brazil). The inclusion criteria are grade III morbid obesity, an indication for bariatric surgery, agreement to participate in the study and a signed term of informed consent. The exclusion criteria are BMI above 55 kg/m², clinically significant or unstable mental health concerns, an unrealistic postoperative target weight and/or unrealistic expectations of surgical treatment. Bariatric surgery candidates who meet the inclusion criteria will be referred to Santa Casa de Misericórdia Hospital and will be reviewed again 30, 90 and 360 days following surgery. Data collection will involve patient records, personal data collection, objective assessment of HR, BP, neck circumference, chest and abdomen, collection and analysis of clinical preoperative findings, polysomnography, pulmonary function test and a questionnaire on sleepiness.</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>This paper describes a randomised controlled trial of morbidly obese patients. Polysomnography, respiratory mechanics, chemosensitive response and quality of life will be assessed in patients undergoing or not undergoing bariatric surgery.</p> <p>Trial Registration</p> <p>The protocol for this study is registered with the Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials - ReBEC (RBR-9k9hhv).</p