Filmverbote in Vorarlberg zwischen 1955 und 1989

Diese Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit den Filmverboten in Vorarlberg zwischen 1955 und 1989. Basierend auf einem Lichtspielgesetz, das 1928 in Kraft trat, wurden ab ebendiesem Zeitpunkt Filme für die gesamte Bevölkerung verboten. Ab 1955 wurden diese Verbote im Amtsblatt für Vorarlberg und/oder im Landesgesetzblatt veröffentlicht. Das letzte Filmverbot findet sich 1989, was den Endpunkt des Untersuchungszeitraumes markiert. Nach Bestimmung der Verbotsbegriffe und der Zensur folgt ein historischer Überblick über die Filmzensur in Österreich bis 1955 mit besonderer Berücksichtigung von Vorarlberg. Im Hauptteil dieser Arbeit wird kurz die allgemeine Verbotssituation in Vorarlberg thematisiert. Nach der Frage des Einflusses des Filmes, insbesondere der Darstellung von Gewalt und Sexualität, beschäftigt sich diese Arbeit mit den Filmverboten von 1955 bis 1989, ihrer Veröffentlichung, den Verbotszahlen und bringt sie in Zusammenhang mit Filmtrends. Es werden die Auswirkungen der Verbote auf die Situation der Kinos und der Einfluss neuer Medien wie Fernsehen, Kabel und Video auf die Verbote untersucht. Die Landtagsdebatten über die Abschaffung des Verbotsparagraphen von 1970 und 1983 werden betrachtet und verglichen. Schließlich wird noch kurz auf die Abschaffung dieses Paragraphen eingegangen

Xenotransplantation Policies: Italy and The Holy See

from the Table of Contents: Introduction; Italy; The Holy See; Annexes

Estrategia de promoción de ventas de acuarios plantados, a través del control de algas y otros desequilibrios ecológicos

El siguiente trabajo de investigación conlleva al estudio del control de la aparición de algas y otros desequilibrios ecológicos en acuarios plantados, además de poder encontrar una estrategia para mejorar la apariencia de los acuarios plantados Las variables fueron utilizadas y demostradas que la relación que existe entre las algas en un acuario no son bien vistas por los acuaristas. En el primer capítulo empezamos comentando sobre las algas en los acuarios plantados, haciendo hincapié que se necesita tener un control de las mismas para no dar mal aspecto al acuario es por eso que proponemos la problemática, seguido de los objetivo general como los específicos de este trabajo de investigación además de la justificación como los alcances y los limites. El Segundo capitulo explicamos sobre el marco teórico y la importancia que tiene el estudio de la eliminación de las algas en los acuarios plantados. Se enuncia el objetivo principal que tiene un acuario plantado y se presenten los métodos para la eliminación de algas. En el tercer capítulo se habla sobre el marco metodológico y sobre cuáles serán los métodos de estudio. En el cuarto capítulo se obtienen los resultados de los instrumentos aplicados. El último y quinto capítulo muestra las conclusiones que se obtuvo con el desarrollo del trabajo. Con esto se da respuesta al objetivo general como específicos del trabajo de investigación; y se comentan las recomendaciones para el control de las algas y otros desequilibrios ecológicos en los acuarios plantados.Trabajo de investigaciónCampus Lima Centr

Cholesterol depletion activates rapid internalization of submicron-sized acetylcholine receptor domains at the cell membrane

Novel effects of cholesterol (Chol) on nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (AChR) cell-surface stability, internalization and function are reported. AChRs are shown to occur in the form of submicron-sized (240–280 nm) domains that remain stable at the cell-surface membrane of CHO-K1/A5 cells over a period of hours. Acute (30 min, 37°C) exposure to methyl-β-cyclodextrin (CDx), commonly used as a diagnostic tool of endocytic mechanisms, is shown here to enhance AChR internalization kinetics in the receptor-expressing clonal cell line. This treatment drastically reduced (∼50%) the number of receptor domains by accelerating the rate of endocytosis (t1/2 decreased from 1.5–0.5 h). In addition, Chol depletion produced ion channel gain-of-function of the remaining cell-surface AChR, whereas Chol enrichment had the opposite effect. Fluorescence measurements under conditions of direct excitation of the probe Laurdan and of Förster-type resonance energy transfer (FRET) using the intrinsic protein fluorescence as donor both indicated an increase in membrane fluidity in the bulk membrane and in the immediate environment of the AChR protein upon Chol depletion. Homeostatic control of Chol content at the plasmalemma may thus modulate cell-surface organization and stability of receptor domains, and fine tune receptor channel function to temporarily compensate for acute AChR loss from the cell surface.Fil: Borroni, Maria Virginia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca; Argentina. Unesco; ArgentinaFil: Baier, Carlos Javier. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca; ArgentinaFil: Lang, T. Max-Planck-Institut für biophysikalische Chemie; Alemania. Institut Max Planck fuer Bioanorganische Chemie; AlemaniaFil: Bonini, Ida Clara. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca; ArgentinaFil: White, M. M. Drexel University; Estados UnidosFil: Garbus, Ingrid. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca; ArgentinaFil: Barrantes, Francisco Jose. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca; Argentina. Unesco; Argentin

Buried, forgotten and rediscovered - prospecting the Roman villae rusticae in the area of Flachgau in Salzburg, Austria

At six different villae rusticae sites in the Salzburger Flachgau high resolution motorized and non motorized magnetic and radar data was gained. The sites are well preserved due to sustainable agricultural use

Economical Feasibility of Strawberry Production in a Semi-Hydroponic System and Agroindustry of Jelly on a Small Property

Growing strawberries is a great alternative for family farms, it is possible to obtain a good financial return on a small property. Consumption growth Strawberry "in natura" in recent years, along with a high price increase, further assists in the marketing of the fruit. This study aimed to establish a greenhouse to grow plants behave 18,000 Camarosa, with approximate production of 200 kg of strawberries daily in peak harvest in semi-hydroponic system in a family owned, located in the municipality of Canguçu-RS. The strawberry produced should be packaged for sale "in natura" and received in the form of jelly. Strawberries are classified by their diameter (25mm and 15mm) and defects in three classes: Class A, includes all healthy and greater than 25 mm diameter strawberries; class B, includes all the healthy strawberries and with a diameter between 25 mm and 15 mm and the class C, includes all strawberries with less than 15mm diameter. The strawberries in Classes A and B will be sold as "in natura" and Class C will be used for the production of jam. To perform the economic analysis, initially used the SWOT matrix, which is a tool used to perform environmental analysis, as the basis of management and strategic planning. The financial analysis of the project was carried out through the following indications: NPV (Net Present Value), IRR (Internal Rate of Return) and payback. Through the completion of the procedures for determining the cash flow and economic indicators, it was found through studies of scenarios, keeping the price constant and equal to jam £ 5.50, the minimum price of the strawberry "in natura" is worth $ 6.83. The production of jelly is an alternative to adding value to the product and also provides more time for marketing

Guidelines to Analyze Preclinical Studies Using Perinatal Derivatives.

The last 18 years have brought an increasing interest in the therapeutic use of perinatal derivatives (PnD). Preclinical studies used to assess the potential of PnD therapy include a broad range of study designs. The COST SPRINT Action (CA17116) aims to provide systematic and comprehensive reviews of preclinical studies for the understanding of the therapeutic potential and mechanisms of PnD in diseases and injuries that benefit from PnD therapy. Here we describe the publication search and data mining, extraction, and synthesis strategies employed to collect and prepare the published data selected for meta-analyses and reviews of the efficacy of PnD therapies for different diseases and injuries. A coordinated effort was made to prepare the data suitable to make statements for the treatment efficacy of the different types of PnD, routes, time points, and frequencies of administration, and the dosage based on clinically relevant effects resulting in clear increase, recovery or amelioration of the specific tissue or organ function. According to recently proposed guidelines, the harmonization of the nomenclature of PnD types will allow for the assessment of the most efficient treatments in various disease models. Experts within the COST SPRINT Action (CA17116), together with external collaborators, are doing the meta-analyses and reviews using the data prepared with the strategies presented here in the relevant disease or research fields. Our final aim is to provide standards to assess the safety and clinical benefit of PnD and to minimize redundancy in the use of animal models following the 3R principles for animal experimentation

Perinatal derivatives: How to best characterize their multimodal functions in vitro. Part C: Inflammation, angiogenesis, and wound healing

Perinatal derivatives (PnD) are birth-associated tissues, such as placenta, umbilical cord, amniotic and chorionic membrane, and thereof-derived cells as well as secretomes. PnD play an increasing therapeutic role with beneficial effects on the treatment of various diseases. The aim of this review is to elucidate the modes of action of non-hematopoietic PnD on inflammation, angiogenesis and wound healing. We describe the source and type of PnD with a special focus on their effects on inflammation and immune response, on vascular function as well as on cutaneous and oral wound healing, which is a complex process that comprises hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation (including epithelialization, angiogenesis), and remodeling. We further evaluate the different in vitro assays currently used for assessing selected functional and therapeutic PnD properties. This review is a joint effort from the COST SPRINT Action (CA17116) with the intention to promote PnD into the clinics. It is part of a quadrinomial series on functional assays for validation of PnD, spanning biological functions, such as immunomodulation, anti-microbial/anti-cancer activities, anti-inflammation, wound healing, angiogenesis, and regeneration