19 research outputs found

    El aprendizaje basado en problemas (ABP) aplicado a la enseñanza de las competencias farmacológicas: valoración por el alumnado del Grado en Medicina.

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    Memoria ID-353. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2013-2014.[ES] El Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior (EEES), en concordancia con el Proceso de Bolonia, persigue sistemas de aprendizaje comparables, compatibles y coherentes, con el fin de preparar a los futuros profesionales con los conocimientos, habilidades y competencias necesarios para afrontar las responsabilidades del mercado de trabajo. En la enseñanza de Farmacología en las facultades de Medicina, el aprendizaje basado en problemas (ABP) en una técnica pedagógica cuyo enfoque está centrado en el estudiante. En este caso, el ABP intenta promover el desarrollo de una serie de destrezas y habilidades importantes que les permitirán interactuar con los pacientes. El principal Objetivo de este Proyecto de Innovación Docente pretendía conocer, de forma directa y sistemática, la valoración por parte de los estudiantes del Grado en Medicina de las clases prácticas realizadas en las asignaturas de la materia Farmacología, con la finalidad de optimizar y/o afianzar los modelos pedagógicos a implementar en los cursos académicos venideros Por lo tanto, mediante este estudio nos propusimos investigar, a través de encuestas sistematizadas, el impacto del aprendizaje basado en problemas (ABP) en la formación farmacológica de los estudiantes de Medicina de Grado, mediante la comparación de esta metodología educativa innovadora con otras técnicas de enseñanza que utilizamos en las clases prácticas

    Relation among Aromatase P450 and Tumoral Growth in Human Prolactinomas

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    [EN]The pituitary gland is part of hypothalamic-pituitary–gonadal axis, which controls development, reproduction, and aging in humans and animals. In addition, the pituitary gland is regulated mainly by hormones and neurotransmitters released from the hypothalamus and by systemic hormones secreted by target glands. Aromatase P450, the enzyme responsible for the catabolization of aromatizable androgens to estrogens, is expressed in different parts of body, including the pituitary gland. Moreover, aromatase P450 is involved in sexual dimorphism where alteration in the level of aromatase can initiate a number of diseases in both genders. On the other hand, the direct actions of estrogens, mainly estradiol, are well known for stimulating prolactin release. Numerous studies have shown that changes in the levels of estrogens, among other factors, have been implicated in the genesis and development of prolactinoma. The pituitary gland can produce estradiol locally in several types of endocrine cells, and it is possible that aromatase could be responsible for the maintenance of the population of lactotroph cells and the modulation of the action of central or peripheral regulators. Aromatase overexpression due to inappropriate gene regulation has clinical effects such as the pathogenesis of prolactinomas. The present study reports on the synthesis of pituitary aromatase, its regulation by gonadal steroids, and the physiological roles of aromatase on pituitary endocrine cells. The involvement of aromatase in the pathogenesis of pituitary tumors, mainly prolactinomas, through the auto-paracrine production of estradiol is reviewed

    Modelo de enseñanza-aprendizaje de la farmacología basado en la resolución de problemas (PBL) y evaluación de su eficacia

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    Memoria ID-0090. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2009-2010.Implantar un sistema de enseñanza/aprendizaje en Farmacología, según el modelo basado en la resolución de problemas (del inglés Problem-Based Learning, PBL), dentro del nuevo plan de enseñanza del grado de Medicina. Este modelo se aplicaría a dos asignaturas troncales: Farmacología General y Farmacología Clínica. Considerando los descriptores de cada una de las asignaturas, los objetivos específicos y el enfoque metodológico debe ser diferenciado, según se explica seguidamente

    Endothelial immunocytochemical expression of pituitary IL-1β and its relation to ACTH-positive cells is regulated by corticosterone in the male rat

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    [EN] Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) is a cytokine linking the neuroendocrine system and metabolic homeostasis. We have previously demonstrated the relevance of IL-1β for maintaining the pituitary ACTH-producing cells by immuno-blocking its effects in pituitary cultures. However, the morphological characteristics and the intimate relationship of the pituitary cells expressing IL-1β and ACTH remain unknown. For determining pituitary variations of immunoreactivity for IL-1β and its relation with ACTH-positive cells under stress situations, we performed an immunohistochemical analysis of the expression of IL-1β and ACTH in the pituitary gland of adult rats, in the absence or presence of corticosterone, by establishing different groups: untreated, sham-operated, and bilaterally adrenalectomized animals. In the rats subjected to surgery, the glucocorticoid was administered on the same day of the intervention and on the third day post-surgery. Interestingly, it was observed that IL-1β was located in the pituitary endothelial cells at the hypophyseal portal vessels, regardless of the treatment schedule
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