Role of special stains in identification of fungi in eumycetoma among Sudanese patients in Soba University Hospital

Background: Mycetoma is a unique neglected tropical disease caused by a substantial number of microorganisms of fungal or bacterial origins. Identification of the causative organism and the disease extension are the first steps in the management of the affected patients and predicting disease treatment outcome and prognosis. Objectives: To determine the role of special stain in identification of fungi in eumycetoma among Sudanese patients at Soba University Hospital. Method: This descriptive cross- sectional study was conducted of Fifty-nine archival formalin fixed paraffin- embedded tissue blocks, four identical sections from each archival paraffin-embedded tissue block were obtained and stained with routine H&E and special stains {Periodic-Acid-Schiff (PAS) and Grocott-Gomori silver (GMS) and Gridley stain}, then the collected data was analyzed using SPSS version 23.0. Results: The use of special stains especially periodic acid Schiff’s and Grocott methenamine-silver (GMS) stain are of value (specific and sensitive) in identifying the fungal hyphae and yeast of eumycetoma. Mycetoma is more commonly reported in males than females; also mycetoma is most common in young adults (16–40 years old) and is uncommon in children. No significant relationship was demonstrated between diagnosis and variables (gender, age). Type I and II was the commonest type of the host tissue reaction encountered in this study. Conclusion: Results showed that GMS and PAS had the ability to stain both fungal hyphae and yeast in compare to Gridley’s stain which had some limitations to stain fungal structures

Correlation Between Gunung Padang and Sundanese Traditional Roof

Gunung Padang is the oldest prehistoric megaliths in Indonesia which has a function as a place of worship for the people who settled there about 2000BC according to its orientation and philosophy. Meanwhile after dark ages, people knowledge on building shelter arises therefore many traditional houses are build and had their philosophy implemented such as the vertical and horizontal beliefs in relation of human, nature, and divinity. This study concerns architecture identity correlation of place in the two eras because of cultural transition which can be observed until now. Gunung Padang has a similar vertical concept identity compare to Sundanese traditional roof according to both philosophy if the highest place is the most sacred place and describes the relationship between human, nature and divinity. The purpose of this study is to examine the correlation between Gunung Padang and the Sundanese traditional roof concept in religion and cultural aspect. Qualitative methods that leverages vernacular theory is used of the analysis methods

Analisis Semiotika Representasi Kecantikan Iklan Fair and Lovely Versi Jessica Mila di Media YouTube

Semiotics Analysis of Beauty Representation in Jessica Mila's Fair and Lovely Advertisement on YouTube Media which aims to analyze, describe and find out the meaning of beauty advertisements brought by Jessica Mila based on icons, symbols, and also the index on Fair and Lovely YouTube ads using research on semiotics. The research method used in this research is descriptive qualitative research, while the focus in this study is to analyze the signs used in advertising. Data collection techniques in this study used documentation techniques and data analysis techniques using Peirce's theory (1955) which revealed that semiotics is a science that discusses signs and the meaning of their application. Based on the results of research and discussion, the representation of beauty in Jessica Mila's version of Fair and Lovely advertisement there are 20 signs and icons, 5 index signs, and 12 symbol signs

Prevalence of coccidia in domestic pigeons (Columba livia domestica Gmelin, 1789) in Benghazi city, Libya

Pigeon coccidiosis is caused by Eimeria spp; a protozoan parasite which limits birds’ productivity by causing severe illness. The current study was carried out to investigate the prevalence of coccidiosis on domestic pigeon in Libya. Intestinal contents of 100 pigeons (Columba livia domestica Gmelin, 1789) were collected within a period of five months; January to May 2020. The intestinal content was examined to detect of coccidian oocysts infection on the randomly selected birds. A total of 100 faecal samples were investigated with two methods;Willis-Schaafs (qualitative) and McMaster’s (quantitative). The results obtained showed that the number of infected Pigeons was 72 pigeons (72%) of the total number of Pigeons. The prevalence was higher in female than that of males, where the total of infected females was 50 (69.4 %) and infected males was 22 (30.6%). The results showed that the highest incidence of Eimeria labbeana was observed in the young pigeons than that of adults, where the total number of young pigeons was 66 (91.7 %), and adult pigeon was 6 (8.3 %)

Peningkatan Prestasi Belajar Siswa Materi Perbandingan Dengan Model Pembelajaran Example Non Example (PTK pada Siswa Kelas VII A SMP N 02 Gondangrejo Karanganyar Tahun Pelajaran 2018/2019)

This study aims to determine the increase in student learning achievement in Comparative material with Example non example learning models. This type of research is Classroom Action Research. The subjects of the study were the sixth grade students of Gondangrejo Karanganyar 2 nd Middle School, totaling 32 students and a mathematics teacher in the VIIA class. Data collection techniques are carried out through interviews, tests, field notes and documentation. Data analysis technique begins with data reduction then data presentation and final conclusion. The results of this study indicate an increase in student learning achievement material comparison with the Example non Example learning model. This can be seen from the achievement indicators, namely students get scores above KKM (> 70) before the action as many as 9 students (28.125%), in the first cycle as many as 13 students (40.625%), in the second cycle as many as 26 students (86.25%)

Pengaruh kompetensi sosial guru terhadap prestasi belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran akuntansi kelas XI akuntansi SMK Negeri 1 Makassar

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kompetensi sosial guru terhadap prestasi belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran akuntansi kelas XI Akuntansi SMK Negeri 1 Makassar. Variabel dalam penelitian ini adalah kompetensi sosial guru (X), dan prestasi belajar siswa (Y) yang diukur menggunakan Skala Guttman. Populasinya adalah seluruh siswa kelas XI akuntansi di SMK Negeri 1 Makassar yang berjumlah 135 siswa dan sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 35 siswa dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah regresi linear sederhana dan korelasi product moment. Berdasarkan hasil analisis regresi linear sederhana diperoleh persamaan Ŷ=60,784+1,145X, artinya setiap penambahan satu satuan nilai kompetensi sosial guru, maka akan meningkatkan prestasi belajar siswa sebesar 1,145 satuan. Hasil korelasi product moment ( r ) diperoleh sebesar 0,547 atau sebesar 54,7 %. Menunjukkan hubungan antara kompetensi sosial guru dengan prestasi belajar dalam kategori sedang. Hasil uji t diperoleh nilai signifikan 0,000<0,05, dengan demikian hipotesis penelitian diterima. Kata kunci: Kompetensi Sosial Guru, Prestasi Belaja

Growth promoting effects of endophytic fungus Phlebia GanoEF3 on oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) seedlings

Isolation from trunk and root tissues of oil palms by Malaysian Palm Oil Board (MPOB) has found several promising fungi, mainly Hendersonia GanoEF, Amphinema GanoEF2, and Phlebia GanoEF3. The objective of this study was to investigate the potential of Phlebia GanoEF3 to serve as a biological fertilizer and eventually promote the oil palm seedlings growth. Two types of organic fertilizers; Empty Fruit Bunches (EFB) powder and Real Strong Bioorganic Fertilizer (RSBF) were incorporated into the formulation to develop biofertilizers containing endophytic fungus Phlebia GanoEF3. Five ratios of fertilizer to fungus (10: 50, 20: 40, 30: 30, 40: 20 and 50: 10) for each formulation were prepared and in vitro study and the shelf life of viable cell of Phlebia GanoEF3 in the formulations during storage were determined. After eight months, the ratio of 30 g of EFB powder to 30 g of Phlebia GanoEF3 (30: 30 g) and 10 g of RSBF to 50 g of Phlebia GanoEF3 (10: 50 g) were found to be the suitable ratios for the in vitro study and application in the field. Investigation of endophytic fungus Phlebia GanoEF3 on the growth of oil palm seedlings in nursery trial showed that seedlings treated with EFB and RSBF organic containing Phlebia GanoEF3 increased the growth of the seedlings. All growth parameters measured showed significant difference in the mean values between treated and untreated seedlings. These findings showed that Phlebia GanoEF3 is suitable to be used as biofertilizer for oil palm seedlings

Effect of energy to protein ratio in starter diet with dehydrated food waste, superworms and unfertilized eggs on growth performance of village chickens

A study was conducted using 144 day-old chicks of Arabian strain village chicken to determine the effect of dietary protein and energy ratios in starter diets with dehydrated food waste, superworms and unfertilized eggs on growth performance in closed confinement system. Dehydrated food waste was the main energy source, superworms and unfertilized eggs were the main protein sources. Six experimental diets were formulated to have 3 energy to protein ratios (134, 150 and 164) with 150 energy to protein ratio as the control.. Every ratio had two different protein sources with the same inclusion level. Each treatment had 2 replicates with 12 birds each in a complete randomized design. Feed and water were provided ad libitum from 0 -42 d. Proximate analysis of the main ingredients in the diet showed dehydrated food waste had 4,500.54 kcal/kg of gross energy and 25.18% of crude protein while superworms and unfertilized eggs had crude protein of 46.54 and 46.33%, respectively. The study showed that a single diet of energy: protein ratio of 134 kcal ME/kg protein supported optimum growth rate of Arabian strain village chicken from 1 to 42 d of rearing. Feed conversion ratio improved with increasing dietary energy level. These findings have implications on ration formulation for village chickens in Malaysia

Correction: Pathogenicity of Nosema sp.(Microsporidia) in the Diamondback Moth, Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera:Plutellidae)

Biological control using pathogenic microsporidia could be an alternative to chemical control of the diamondback moth (DBM) Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae). The microsporidium Nosema bombycis (NB) is one of the numerous pathogens that can be used in the Integrated Pest Management (IPM) of DBM. However, its pathogenicity or effectiveness can be influenced by various factors, particularly temperature. This study was therefore conducted to investigate the effect of temperature on NB infection of DBM larvae. Second-instar larvae at different doses (spore concentration: 0, 1×102,1×103,1×104, and 1×105) at 15°, 20°, 25°, 30° and 35°C and a relative humidity(RH) of 65% and light dark cycle (L:D) of 12∶12. Larval mortality was recorded at 24 h intervals until the larvae had either died or pupated. The results showed that the spore concentration had a significant negative effect on larval survival at all temperatures, although this effect was more pronounced (92%) at 35°C compared with that at 20 and 30°C (≃50%) and 25°C (26%). Histological observations showed that Nosema preferentially infected the adipose tissue and epithelial cells of the midgut, resulting in marked vacuolization of the cytoplasm. These findings suggest that Nosema damaged the midgut epithelial cells. Our results suggest that Nosema had a direct adverse effect on DBM, and could be utilized as an important biopesticide alternative to chemical insecticides in IPM

A mini-review on the determinants and risk factors of adolescent pregnancy in developing countries

Pregnant adolescents have been shown to have a higher incidence of health and non-health-related complications that affect both mothers and infants. These include increased risk of pregnancy-related diseases such as anemia and pre-eclampsia, preterm and low-birth-weight babies, as well as other social consequences such as educational and financial difficulties. This mini review evaluates selected articles which explain the attitudes, knowledge, behavior and other risk factors associated with pregnancy among adolescents in developing countries. It also revealed that inadequate knowledge among adolescents about reproductive and sexual health, other social, cultural and peer influences, parenting values, and poor financial and educational status were factors that contribute to adolescent pregnancy. Likewise, a lack of support from parents, educators and healthcare workers had negative impacts on healthy sexual behavior among adolescents, which may ultimately lead to adolescent pregnancy. We conclude that the factors discussed in this review need to be evaluated and taken into consideration by policymakers and healthcare workers when formulating strategies to prevent pregnancies among adolescents