The role of the chief business officer in selected higher education institutions of the Northeast.

This thesis describes the profile characteristics and role of the chief business officer in colleges and universities in the northeastern United States. Part I describes the who dimension of the CBOs. It compares the age, sex, race, length of employment in present position, and the highest academic degree held by the CBOs. Part II of the study examines the what dimension of the CBOs. This part focusses on the level of responsibility CBOs actually have and the level of responsibility they think the position should have for them to function most effectively. The data collected compared the public and private institutions of higher education. The population studied consisted of chief business officers of public and private higher education institutions with enrollments of 1,000 or more. The data were gathered through a mail questionnaire. Major findings of the study are: (1) The overwhelming majority of CBOs are middle-aged, White males. (2) The majority of CBOs hold earned graduate degrees in business administration. Many CBOs hold more than one graduate degree and the previous experience in college business administration was believed to be the best background for the job. (3) Fiscal and financial management duties were judged the most important functions of the CBO. (4) Among the fiscal and financial management duties, adhering to the budgeting procedure was the single most important job function, followed by fiscal and management audits and internal control. The findings confirmed the general belief that, with increasing financial pressure, higher education has to be particularly sensitive to the fiscal and procedural accountability. (5) The majority of the CBOs would like to get more involved in institutional policy-making. This may be a major finding because it seems contrary to the common belief that CBOs do not like to get involved in institutional policy-making functions and academic administrative management. (6) There was very little difference between the role functions of CBOs in public and private institutions

Chlorido(dimethyl sulfoxide-κO)triphenyl­tin(IV)

In the title compound, [Sn(C6H5)3Cl(C2H6OS)], the SnIV atom is coordinated by three phenyl groups, a chloride ion and a dimethyl sulfoxide mol­ecule in a distorted trigonal-bipyramidal geometry. In the crystal, adjacent mol­ecules are linked through inter­molecular C—H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds, weak C—H⋯π inter­actions and π–π inter­actions [centroid–centroid distance = 3.934 (3) Å. An intra­molecular C—H⋯π inter­action is also observed

Spectral Graph-based Features for Recognition of Handwritten Characters: A Case Study on Handwritten Devanagari Numerals

Interpretation of different writing styles, unconstrained cursiveness and relationship between different primitive parts is an essential and challenging task for recognition of handwritten characters. As feature representation is inadequate, appropriate interpretation/description of handwritten characters seems to be a challenging task. Although existing research in handwritten characters is extensive, it still remains a challenge to get the effective representation of characters in feature space. In this paper, we make an attempt to circumvent these problems by proposing an approach that exploits the robust graph representation and spectral graph embedding concept to characterise and effectively represent handwritten characters, taking into account writing styles, cursiveness and relationships. For corroboration of the efficacy of the proposed method, extensive experiments were carried out on the standard handwritten numeral Computer Vision Pattern Recognition, Unit of Indian Statistical Institute Kolkata dataset. The experimental results demonstrate promising findings, which can be used in future studies.Comment: 16 pages, 8 figure

Assessing the association between unstimulated whole salivary flow rate (UWSFR) and oral health status among healthy adult subjects : a cross-sectional study

This study aimed to test the association between the unstimulated whole salivary flow rate (UWSFR) and the oral health status represented by dental and gingival status among healthy adult subjects. This work was a cross-sectional study of patients attending the undergraduate dental clinics at AlFarabi College for Dentistry and Nursing, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The study population consisted of 502 systemically healthy adults aged 18?35 years. UWSFR was collected for all study participants and expressed as ml/min. Oral health status was estimated using the Community Periodontal Index (CPI) and the Oral Hygiene Index-Simplified (OHI-S). The number of decayed teeth and the number of available teeth were also calculated to evaluate dental status. The mean UWSFR was 0.42 (±0.3) ml/min, and the male participants significantly had more UWSFR than the females. UWSFR was significantly affected by CPI, OHI-S, body mass index (BMI) and gender as indicated in the univariate analysis. However, multiple regression analysis revealed that only gender was a significant predictor of UWSFR. The male subjects were shown to have a higher average of 0.133 ml/min than the females. High BMI scores, moderate-to-severe gingivitis and low level of oral hygiene increased UWSFR. However, further longitudinal studies are recommended to test the role of salivary cytokine levels to validate the exact association between the UWSFR and the oral health status

Steroid hormone and growth factor action in normal and cancer cells

The endometrium is an epithelio-mesenchymal structure. The growth and differentiation of normal endometrial cells is regulated by the interactions of both polypeptide and steroid hormones. An understanding of how hormones affect proliferation and metabolic activities, necessarily involves knowledge of the regulatory processes of these cellular functions. The regulation of the frequency of replication in animal cells is a complex phenomenon for which much of the molecular basis is currently unknown. Cell cultures, which are exempt from tissue and systemic influences are ideal for investigating whether individual growth factors are acting directly on the endometrial cell. Primary cultures of both normal and malignant epithelial cells were investigated. These cells have been grown both as pure epithelial cultures and as mixed populations of epithelial and stromal cells. The purpose of this study was first, to evaluate some of the critical data now available on various aspects of steroid regulated growth, and second to develop in vitro new models of steroid promoted growth that can accommodate current information. Different cell types, from both rat uterus and human endometrium, were separated by enzymatic and mechanical techniques. Epithelial cells were tentatively identified by comparison of their morphologic features in culture with the well documented features of endometrial cells in vivo. Moreover, epithelial nature was also confirmed using immunocytochemical criteria. Growth dynamics of these cells in culture were analysed by the classical techniques of 3H-thymidine incorporation, cell proliferation index and morphological criteria. Serum performs many functions in cell culture. In addition to providing classical hormones and growth factors, it compensates for the deficiences of defined media, supplying additional nutrients and trace elements. To determine the minimum requirements for foetal calf serum in cultures of normal and malignant cells derived from endometrium, this study reports a detailed examination of growth requirements of endometrial cells during the early culture. The results presented in Chapter 4 strongly suggest that it is possible to eliminate serum from culture medium and that the main function of serum in cell culture is to furnish hormones and other growth factors. The most important factors are EGF, transferrin, insulin and glucocorticoids. The role of serum in attachment and spreading of these cells was also assessed. Charcoal stripping of serum at 4C enhanced the attachment, whereas, the same treatment of serum at 5

SYNTHESIS, ANTIMICROBIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF 1,3,5-THIADIAZINE DERIVATIVES

A series of N-(4-(benzyloxy)benzylidene)-2-(arylimino)-6-(phenylimino)-3,6-dihydro-2H-1,3,5-thiadiazin-4- amine derivatives (4a-d) have been synthesized by condensation of 1-(N-4-(benzyloxy) benzylidenecarbamimidoyl)-3-arylthiourea (3a-d) with phenyl isocyanodichloride. Interaction of 1- carbamimidoyl-3-arylthiourea (2a-d) and p-benzyloxy benzaldehyde yielded (3a-d). Monoacetyl (5b) and mononitroso (6b) derivatives were also synthesised by substitution of hydrogen atom of cyclic –NH- of 4b on treatment with acetic anhydride and sodium nitrite respectively. Further, 4b upon boiling with 5% aqueous ethanolic (1:1) sodium hydroxide solution underwent isomerisation into corresponding 4-(4- (benzyloxy)benzylideneamino)-6-(4-chlorophenylimino)-1-phenyl-5,6-dihydro-1,3,5-triazine-2(1H)-thione (7b). The structures of the newly synthesized 1,3,5-thiadiazine derivatives have been established on the basis of chemical transformations, elemental analysis and IR, 1H NMR, and Mass spectral studies. The zone of inhibition for some of the title compounds synthesized were determined against E. coli, S. aureus, B. thurengienesis and E. aerogenes and compared with Chloramphenicol as a reference drug. Some of the newly synthesized compounds showed moderate to high antimicrobial activity. Antioxidant activities of all the compounds were also determined. 4a, 4c and 4d were found to possess significant antioxidant activity. Keywords: Carbamimidoyl-3-arylthiourea, 1,3,5-thiadiazine, 1,3,5-triazine, antibacterial activity, antioxidant activity

Multimodal role of amino acids in microbial control and drug development

Amino acids are ubiquitous vital biomolecules found in all kinds of living organisms including those in the microbial world. They are utilised as nutrients and control many biological functions in microorganisms such as cell division, cell wall formation, cell growth and metabolism, intermicrobial communication (quorum sensing), and microbial‐host interactions. Amino acids in the form of enzymes also play a key role in enabling microbes to resist antimicrobial drugs. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and microbial biofilms are posing a great threat to the world’s human and animal population and are of prime concern to scientists and medical professionals. Although amino acids play an important role in the development of microbial resistance, they also offer a solution to the very same problem i.e., amino acids have been used to develop antimicrobial peptides as they are highly effective and less prone to microbial resistance. Other important applications of amino acids include their role as anti‐biofilm agents, drug excipients, drug solubility enhancers, and drug adjuvants. This review aims to explore the emerging paradigm of amino acids as potential therapeutic moieties

COVID 19 استراتيجية التعلم الذاتي في تعليم مهارات الكالم لمواجهة (Self-Learning Strategy in Teaching Speech Skills to Face COVID 19)

Education has new requirements for teaching the individual how to teach himself by himself to continuous education and lifelong learning. Self-regulated learning is one of the central axes to accommodate these rapid and successive developments, mainly when global crises occurred. Self-regulated learning can help students become independent learners to achieve their goals. It can also reach distinctive performance, especially for developing the linguistic skills represented in speech skills, whose impact appears daily through effective human communication, whether oral or written communication. The research technique used is a literature study. This study aims to shed light on the self-regulated learning strategy to developing speaking skills, and its implications, in terms of the effects of the Corona pandemic (COVID 19) on various educational activities. Also, clarifying what is meant by speech and developing his skills, and knowing the learning strategy and how to use it in developing speech skills. The problem-solving strategy is considered one of the essential self-learning strategies. The learner independently develops his skills and knowledge by searching for practical solutions to real problems by relying on oneself. Self-regulated learning is considered a successful method for developing speech skills. The student's performance as the independent learner can be measured through his various daily social activities in order to help him evaluate his strategies followed and choose the most difficult ones to achieve the goals of the self-education process, and to reach the required level of language skill

Assessment of ICT Facilities in the Public Libraries of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: A Descriptive Study

Purpose: This study aimed to review the ICT facilities in the public libraries of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The specific objectives were to see the status of ICT resources, check the ICT tools used in delivering services, and point out problems faced by the public libraries in developing ICT infrastructure. Research Design and Methodology: The study\u27s population consisted of public libraries in the province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The census-based approach was employed, and data was gathered from library heads via questionnaire. The collected data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 22. Findings: It was found that most of the libraries did not have electronic information resources like e-books, theses and dissertations and access to the HEC database. Most libraries lacked ICT equipment, including microfilming machines, barcode readers, external hard drives, digital cameras, television and multimedia projectors. The majority of libraries did not use ICT applications like Twitter, YouTube, LinkedIn, Flickr and RSS for library services. The key problems identified by libraries while developing ICT infrastructure were inadequate e-resources, limited staff, lack of financial resources, insufficient IT staff and non-availability of standard library software. Implications: The study\u27s findings are beneficial to the government and higher library authorities. The critical point to be considered includes 1) LIS professionals and IT staff be recruited and trained in modern learning, education and communication skills, 2) sufficient funds should be provided to libraries to develop ICT infrastructure 3) digital resources should be acquired, and 4) the librarians should have the power and freedom to spend the budget based on the users\u27 needs. Originality: The study is unique because this is the first study in the country to assess the ICT facilities of public libraries. It will fill the literature gap and guide the researchers to do similar studies across the country. Keywords: ICT Infrastructure, ICT tools and applications, ICT Facilities, Public Libraries, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakista