Die paradoxe Simultaneität inmitten des Widerfahrnisses

In respect to the issue of ethics, Waldenfels’ position can be located between Levinas’ and Merleau Ponty’s. This “in-between” position allows an enormous enrichment of the phenomenological analysis. This essay aims at a stronger emphasis regarding the analysis of Merleau-Ponty’s “intercorporéité (Zwischenleiblichkeit)”. To this purpose, I am discussing important insights from Husserl’s lecture “Einleitung in die Ethik, 1920 – 24”, and the turn from an egologic interpretation of affection towards an intermonadic interpretation of pre-affection. This approach works towards the establishment of the field of research of ethics in the genetic phenomenology, in which the more wide ranging scope of Waldenfels’ contribution can be shown clearly

Investigación del conflicto cultural en la fenomenología genética de Husserl

La solución a los conflictos culturales sólo es posible a través de la investigación y explicación filosóficas sobre las ideas de Husserl acerca de la intersubjetividad. Husserl proporciona el fundamento de la intersubjetividad y muestra la comunicación primordial intermonádica de la intencionalidad pulsional transcendental que condiciona de modo transcendental la temporalización absoluta del presente viviente. Ésta percepción se lleva a cabo debido al desarrollo de su fenomenología genética. El método de la fenomenología genética, a saber, el método de la deconstrucción, ha descubierto la síntesis asociada del campo del sentido y de la intencionalidad pulsional como asociación principal. El aspecto de la génesis de la capacidad de la percepción puede darnos la competencia para reflejar la raíz preconstituida de nuestra propia percepción en nuestra propia tradición cultural, para que así puedan resolverse malentendidos culturales que surgen inconscientemente de esa clase especial de percepción

In-Out Intermittency in Gap Junction-Coupled Class I^* Neurons

In a series of papers, we have proposed a dynamical model for gap junction-coupled networks of class I^* neurons, and investigated its dynamic characters. We found various dynamic states in a model neural network with diffusively coupled class I¤ neuron models, called μ-models. Among others, hierarchies of intermittent transitions attracted attention in relation with real brain dynamics. This paper is devoted to report a mechanism of the first transition appeared in the intermittenly transitory dynamics among an all-synchronized state, various metachronal waves and a weakly chaotic state. We clarify that this intermittent transition is described as an in-out intermittency

40Ar-39Ar analyses of Juvinas fragments

Three fragments of the Juvinas (eucrite) taken from the main mass with a size of about 30cm were analyzed by the ^Ar-^Ar method in order to examine differences of secondary thermal effects. The brecciated matrix shows a scattered pattern in the ^Ar-^Ar age spectrum, indicating excess ^Ar in the higher temperature fractions. Two other fragments show no definite plateau ages but indicate similar age patterns. A probable disturbance event (s) around 4-4.1 Ga is indicated in the 975-1050℃ fractions. Thus, Juvinas shows evidence of secondary thermal events, probably due to impacts

A Discovery of a Peculiar Pulsar in the Small Magellanic Cloud

We report on a peculiar X-ray binary pulsar IKT1 = RXJ0047.3-7312 observed with XMM-Newton in Oct. 2000. The X-ray spectrum is described by a two-component spectrum. The hard component has a broken power-law with respective photon indices of 0.2 and 1.8, below and above the break energy at 5.8 keV. The soft component can be modeled by a blackbody of kT = 0.6 keV. The X-ray flux shows a gradual decrease and periodic variations of about 4000 s. The averaged flux in 0.7-10.0 keV is 2.9x10^-12 ergs/cm^2/s, which is ~10 times brighter than that in a ROSAT observation in Nov. 1999. In addition to the 4000-s variation, we found coherent pulsations of 263 +/- 1 s. These discoveries strengthen the Be/X-ray binary scenario proposed by the ROSAT and ASCA observations on this source, and confirm that most of the hard sources in the Small Magellanic Cloud are X-ray binary pulsars. A peculiar property of this XBP is that the coherent pulsations are found only in the soft component, and the folded light curve shows a flat top shape with a sharp dip. We discuss the nature of this XBP focusing on the peculiar soft component.Comment: 5 pages, 5figures, Accepted for publication in PAS

Frequency ratios of Sr, Yb and Hg based optical lattice clocks and their applications

This article describes the recent progress of optical lattice clocks with neutral strontium ($^{87}$Sr), ytterbium ($^{171}$Yb) and mercury ($^{199}$Hg) atoms. In particular, we present frequency comparison between the clocks locally via an optical frequency comb and between two Sr clocks at remote sites using a phase-stabilized fibre link. We first review cryogenic Sr optical lattice clocks that reduce the room-temperature blackbody radiation shift by two orders of magnitude and serve as a reference in the following clock comparisons. Similar physical properties of Sr and Yb atoms, such as transition wavelengths and vapour pressure, have allowed our development of a compatible clock for both species. A cryogenic Yb clock is evaluated by referencing a Sr clock. We also report on a Hg clock, which shows one order of magnitude less sensitivity to blackbody radiation, while its large nuclear charge makes the clock sensitive to the variation of fine-structure constant. Connecting all three types of clocks by an optical frequency comb, the ratios of the clock frequencies are determined with uncertainties smaller than possible through absolute frequency measurements. Finally, we describe a synchronous frequency comparison between two Sr-based remote clocks over a distance of 15 km between RIKEN and the University of Tokyo, as a step towards relativistic geodesy.Comment: 11 pages, 5 figures, invited review article in Comptes Rendus de Physique 201

The Impact of Japan's 2004 Postgraduate Training Program on Intra-Prefectural Distribution of Pediatricians in Japan

Objective: Inequity in physician distribution poses a challenge to many health systems. In Japan, a new postgraduate training program for all new medical graduates was introduced in 2004, and researchers have argued that this program has increased inequalities in physician distribution. We examined the trends in the geographic distribution of pediatricians as well as all physicians from 1996 to 2010 to identify the impact of the launch of the new training program. Methods: The Gini coefficient was calculated using municipalities as the study unit within each prefecture to assess whether there were significant changes in the intra-prefectural distribution of all physicians and pediatricians before and after the launch of the new training program. The effect of the new program was quantified by estimating the difference in the slope in the time trend of the Gini coefficients before and after 2004 using a linear change-point regression design. We categorized 47 prefectures in Japan into two groups: 1) predominantly urban and 2) others by the definition from OECD to conduct stratified analyses by urban-rural status. Results: The trends in physician distribution worsened after 2004 for all physicians (p value<.0001) and pediatricians (p value = 0.0057). For all physicians, the trends worsened after 2004 both in predominantly urban prefectures (p value = 0.0012) and others (p value<0.0001), whereas, for pediatricians, the distribution worsened in others (p value = 0.0343), but not in predominantly urban prefectures (p value = 0.0584). Conclusion: The intra-prefectural distribution of physicians worsened after the launch of the new training program, which may reflect the impact of the new postgraduate program. In pediatrics, changes in the Gini trend differed significantly before and after the launch of the new training program in others, but not in predominantly urban prefectures. Further observation is needed to explore how this difference in trends affects the health status of the child population