Possibilities of holographic techniques in laser scanning microscopy

Holographic scanning microscopy-novel technique both in laser scanning microscopy and digital holographic microscopy allow multimodal approach to cell and tissue investigation in biomedical applications promising new advantages (quantitative phase imaging, superresolution, computerized tomography), but regular reconstruction leads to incorrectness. Analysis of light propagation through the schematics allows to offer reconstruction procedures depending on recording conditions

Експертне оцінювання інформативності та розпізнавання обраного рельєфу місцевості

Development and research of cartographic software of visual correlation-extreme navigationsystems has been done. Selection of informative features has been developed by using Speed-Up RobustFeature descriptors and expert estimations of reference imageРозроблено та досліджено картографічне програмне забезпечення для кореляційно-екстремальної навігаційної системи. Розглянуто особливість виявлення методом SURF. Представлено оцінку інформативності та розпізнавання еталонного зображенн

Simple model of complex dynamics of activity patterns in developing networks of neuronal cultures

Living neuronal networks in dissociated neuronal cultures are widely known for their ability to generate highly robust spatiotemporal activity patterns in various experimental conditions. These include neuronal avalanches satisfying the power scaling law and thereby exemplifying self-organized criticality in living systems. A crucial question is how these patterns can be explained and modeled in a way that is biologically meaningful, mathematically tractable and yet broad enough to account for neuronal heterogeneity and complexity. Here we propose a simple model which may offer an answer to this question. Our derivations are based on just few phenomenological observations concerning input-output behavior of an isolated neuron. A distinctive feature of the model is that at the simplest level of description it comprises of only two variables, a network activity variable and an exogenous variable corresponding to energy needed to sustain the activity and modulate the efficacy of signal transmission. Strikingly, this simple model is already capable of explaining emergence of network spikes and bursts in developing neuronal cultures. The model behavior and predictions are supported by empirical observations and published experimental evidence on cultured neurons behavior exposed to oxygen and energy deprivation. At the larger, network scale, introduction of the energy-dependent regulatory mechanism enables the network to balance on the edge of the network percolation transition. Network activity in this state shows population bursts satisfying the scaling avalanche conditions. This network state is self-sustainable and represents a balance between global network-wide processes and spontaneous activity of individual elements

Контроллинг как стимул к эффективности бизнес-процессов

[For the English abstract and full text of the article please see the attached PDF-File (English version follows Russian version)].ABSTRACT The problems that arise at the present time should be solved in a comprehensive manner, applying a logistical approach, the use of which allows to treat all enterprises as separate systems. The application of the logistic approach presupposes a clearer description of the main business process, displaying the trajectory of material and information flows at the top level, as well as existing feedbacks. Optimization of processes occurs due to the elimination of unnecessary operations and simplification of the introduction of changes due to the standardization of the process. Description of business processes and their documentation, as well as control, analysis and adjustment of the process under the influence of feedbacks is nothing more than a subsystem of controlling of the overall logistics system of the enterprise. Controlling involves an integrated management system of the organization, aimed at coordinating the interaction of management systems and monitoring their effectiveness. At the heart of any controlling system is the documentation of the business process and its mandatory standardization. A step-by-step analysis of the model of business processes of the company «K» with elements of reengineering is carried out. Currently, the term «business process reengineering», according to the authors, means any change in the process, the rejection of established procedures, a fresh look at the work to create a product or a service and provide value to the client. Priority in the activity of any company is the satisfaction of the needs of customers and, accordingly, the profit. Customers evaluate the quality of service by comparing the expected quality characteristics and the quality characteristics of the actual service. The quality of service characteristic is a distinctive feature, a descriptive element of the customer service process. The gap between the expected quality of service and what has been received is called a «service expectation gap». The application of the logistic approach and Gap-analysis is demonstrated with the aim of improving the economic motivation and financial monitoring of client-oriented activities in the corporate and consumer markets. Based on the Gap-analysis, the authors proposed a model of differentiation and analysis of the inconsistencies in the actually provided quality of service to the customer’s service expectations, which makes it possible to identify and differentiate the reasons for the «gap» in the customer’s service expectations and the characteristics of actual services. Keywords: commodity circulation, controlling system, business processes, model, visualization, Gap-analysis, reengineering, logistics approach, intellectual warehouse.Текст аннотации на англ. языке и полный текст статьи на англ. языке находится в прилагаемом файле ПДФ (англ. версия следует после русской версии).В статье изложен авторский взгляд на функционирование системы контроллинга предприятия. Возникающие в настоящее время проблемы следует решать комплексно, применяя логистический подход, использование которого позволяет рассматривать все предприятия как отдельные системы. Проведён поэтапный анализ модели бизнес- процессов компании «К» с элементами реинжиниринга. Продемонстрировано применение логистического подхода и Gap-анализа с целью совершенствования экономической мотивации и финансового мониторинга клиентоориентированной деятельности в корпоративной сфере и на рынках потребления. На основе Gap-анализа авторами предложена модель дифференциации и анализа несоответствий фактически предоставляемого качества обслуживания сервисным ожиданиям клиентов, позволяющая выявить и дифференцировать причины «разрыва» сервисных ожиданий клиентов и характеристик фактического обслуживания

«Зелёная» логистика

[For the English abstract and full text of the article please see the attached PDF-File (English version follows Russian version)].ABSTRACT Logistical support for trade flows in the market, which is global at its core, leads to realization of new needs. One of them is intensification of environmental protection, provision of environmentally safe transportation of goods to the customers. The article discusses the need for application, principles and targets of «green» logistics technology, contributing to the environmental safety of transport, enhancement of social responsibility, competitiveness of economic actors in freight and passenger transportation. Keywords: «green» logistics, delivery of goods, transport, piggyback transportation, ecology, safety, environmental protection. REFERENCES 1.Smirnova, A. V.Analysis of wholesale buyers queuing system [Analiz sistemy obsluzhivanija optovyh pokupatelej].Aktual’nye problemy social’no-ekonomicheskogo razvitija Rossii, 2012, Iss.1, pp.101-102. 2.Gadzhinsky, A. M.Design of distribution systems based on logistics [Proektirovanie tovaroprovodjashhih sistem na osnove logistiki].Moscow, Dashkov i K, 2012, 323 p. 3.Pavlova, E.I., Mamedova, I. A.Logistics reverse goods flows: causal relationship.World of Transport and Transportation, Vol.13, 2015, Iss.5, pp.124-131. 4.Mukhina, I.I., Rezer, A.V., Akimova, I. P.State and municipal finances [Gosudarstvennye i municipal’nye finansy].Moscow, MIIT publ., 2012, 81 p. 5.Gadzhinsky, A. M.Logistics [Logistika].Moscow, Dashkov i K, 2014, 420 p. 6.Rezer, A.V., Mukhina, I.I., Smirnova, A. V.Client-focus of logistics in railway transport [Klientoorientirovannost’ logistiki na zheleznodorozhnom transporte].Transportnoe delo Rossii, 2014, Iss.4, pp.7-10. 7.Rezer, S. M.Increase of efficiency of container and piggyback transportation in multimodal traffic [Povyshenie effektivnosti organizacii kontejnernyh i kontrejlernyh perevozok v mul’timodal’nyh soobshhenijah].Ekspedirovanie i logistika, 2015, Iss.1, p.11. 8.State report «On the state and protection of environment in the Russian Federation» [Gosudarstvennyj doklad «O sostojanii i ob ohrane okruzhajushhej sredy Rossijskoj Federacii»] [Electronic source]: http://www.mnr.gov.ru/regulatory/list.php?part=1101.Last accessed 05.10.2015. 9.Basics of the state policy in the field of environmental development in Russia until 2030 [Osnovy gosudarstvennoj politiki v oblasti jekologicheskogo razvitija Rossii na period do 2030 goda].[Electronic source]: http://www.kremlin.ru/ acts/15177.Last accessed 05.10.2015.Текст аннотации на англ. языке и полный текст статьи на англ. языке находится в прилагаемом файле ПДФ (англ. версия следует после русской версии).Логистическое сопровождение товаропотоков в условиях глобального по своей сути рынка приводит к осознанию новых потребностей. Одна из них - активизация природоохранных ресурсов, обеспечение экологически безопасной транспортировки грузов потребителю. В статье рассмотрены необходимость применения, принципы и целевые установки технологий «зелёной» логистики, способствующих экологической безопасности транспорта, повышению социальной ответственности, конкурентоспособности экономических субъектов сферы грузовых и пассажирских перевозок

Sapphire shaped crystals for laser-assisted cryodestruction of biological tissues

We have developed cryo-applicators based on the sapphire shaped crystals fabricated using the edge-defined film-fed growth (EFG) and noncapillary shaping (NCS) techniques. Due to the unique physical properties of sapphire: i.e. high thermal, mechanical, and chemical strength, impressive thermal conductivity and optical transparency, these cryo-applicators yield combination of the tissue cryo-destruction with its exposure to laser radiation for controlling the thermal regimes of cryosurgery, and with the optical diagnosis of tissue freezing. We have applied the proposed sapphire cryo-applicators for the destruction of tissues in vitro. The observed results highlight the prospectives of the sapphire cryo-applicators in cryosurgery

Ecological features of cyanobacteria and algae communities of the littoral of the meromictic Lake Shira (Khakassia Republic, Russia)

During the study of cyanobacteria and algae from littoral of the meromictic Lake Shira (Republic of Khakas- sia, Russia) forty-eight taxa were identified: Cyanobacteria – 7, Chlorophyta – 5, and Bacillariophyta – 36 species. Cyanobacteria were represented by cosmopolitan taxa Leptolyngbya voronichiniana, cf. Trichocoleus hospitus and widely distributed in the freshwater ecosystems species Phormidium cf. paulsenianum, Pseudophormidium cf. golenkinianum, P. pauciramosum, Leptolyngbya perforans, and L. subtilissima. Among green algae typical freshwater taxa Chloroidium saccharophilum, Desmodesmus abundans, Oocystis lacustris, Chlorella sp., Stigeoclonium sp. were detected. Among Bacillariophyta the most frequent species were Amphora ovalis, Cymbella affinis, Encyonema silesiacum, Eunotia fallax, Gomphonella olivacea, G. parvulum, Kobayasiella subtilissima, Navicula minima, N. radiosa, N. veneta, Nitzchia fonti- cola, N. palea, Grunowia tabellaria, Surirella undulata. Several rare species cf. Fragilaria tenera, Grunowia tabellaria and cf. Ulnaria capitata were found. In relation to mineralization indifferents was the largest group (73%). In relation to pH, a unique feature of the investigated lake was the predominance of alkaliphilic species of diatoms (56%), such as Amphora ovalis, Cymbella affinis, Gomphonema truncatum, Hantzschia amphioxys, Navicula minima, N. veneta, Nitzschia cf. linearis, N. palea, Planothidium lanceolatum and other. In the geographic structure cosmopolitan group included 25 species (69%), boreal group – 4 species (11%), arcto-apline group – 2 species (6%). To obtain more accurate informa- tion on the biodiversity of cyanobacteria and algae of Lake Shira further studies using molecular-genetic and electron microscopic methods are needed

Влияние мексидола на состав и перекисное окисление липидов миокарда в постреанимационном периоде

An experimental model of clinical death followed by reperfusion was used to study the postresuscitative effects of the anti-hypoxant mexidole on lipid composition and peroxidation rates in the rat myocardium. The use of mexidole in early reperfusion was shown to lead to the altered phospholipid composition of cardiomyocytes, the normalization of the activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase, the lower levels of malonic dialdehyde on postresuscitative day 30. Modifications of the myocardium lipid spectrum appeared as the elevated levels of phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylethanolamine that maintained intracellular ionic homeostasis and myocardial performance, as well as decreases in lysophosphatidylcholine having proarrhythmic activity and in sphingomyelin and phosphatidic acids.На экспериментальной модели клинической смерти с последующей реперфузией исследовано влияние антигипок-санта метаболического типа — мексидола на липидный состав и активность перекисного окисления липидов ткани сердца крыс в отдаленном постреанимационном периоде. Показано, что применение мексидола в раннем реперфу-зионном периоде приводило к изменению фосфолипидного состава кардиомиоцитов, нормализации активности су-пероксиддисмутазы и каталазы, снижению содержания малонового диальдегида на 30-е сутки постреанимационного периода. Модификации спектра липидов ткани сердца проявлялись увеличением содержания фосфатидилсерина, фосфатидилэтаноламина, обеспечивающих поддержание внутриклеточного ионного гомеостаза и деятельности сердечной мышцы, уменьшением лизофосфатидилхолина, обладающего аритмогенным действием, сфингомиелина и фосфатидных кислот

ОСОБЕННОСТИ ТЕРАПИИ ОСТРЫХ И ХРОНИЧЕСКИХ ЛАРИНГИТОВ У ПАЦИЕНТОВ В ЗАВИСИМОСТИ ОТ РЕЗУЛЬТАТОВ БАКТЕРИОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ МИКРОФЛОРЫ ГОРТАНИ

This paper describes study of larynx microflora in patients with acute laryngtis and exacerbations of chronic laryngitis. Therapeutic algorithm based on bacteriologic examination data was developed reduce. New algorithm helps reduce sickness terms and to decrease prevalence of desease.123 patients of age from 18 to 60 were under observation: 43 patients with acute laryngitis and 80 patients with exacerbation of chronic laryngitis. 22 patients with acute laryngitis and 58 patients with exacerbation of chronic laryngitis underwent etiotropic treatment with antibiotics. The group of comparison with acute laryngitis (21 patients) and chronic laryngitis (22 patients) received treatment according to the conventional scheme.Bacteriologic examination of larynx mucous, clinical study and functional voice test (time of maximum vowels phonation) before and after treatment were carried out.As a result of the research it was established that the most common causative agent of acute and chronic inflammatory larynx diseases is S. aureus as a mono culture or combined with other bacterial associations (S. аnhemolyticus, Str. viridans etc.).After the end of antibacterial therapy we found symptoms as hoarseness, irritation, dry laryngopharynx, hyperemia and swelling of larynx mucous reduced eather in new treatment group than controlled group. Time of maximum vowels phonation (in seconds) also increased significantly.Sickness terms after prescription of new treatment was shorter than in comparison groups: (10.9 ± 7.9) days for acute laryngitis and (12.6 ± 7.3) days for chronic laryngitis respectively. Health index was 20.8 and 19.5% respectively.Проведено исследование микрофлоры гортани у больных острыми и хроническими ларингитами в стадии обострения для разработки терапевтических комплексов с учетом данных бактериологического исследования с целью сокращения сроков нетрудоспособности и повышения уровня здоровья.Под наблюдением находились 123 пациента, из них 43 с острым ларингитом и 80 с обострением хронического ларингита, в возрасте от 18 до 60 лет; 22 больным с острым ларингитом и 58 больным с обострением хронического ларингита проводилось этиотропное лечение с учетом выделенной бактериальной культуры (антибиотик и специфический бактериофаг); группам сравнения с острым ларингитом (21 человек) и хроническим ларингитом (22 человека) назначали терапию по традиционной схеме.Больным проводилось бактериологическое исследование слизистой оболочки гортани, клиническое исследование и функциональные пробы голоса (время максимальной фонации гласных) до и после окончания терапии.Установлено, что наиболее частым возбудителем острых и хронических воспалительных заболеваний гортани является S. aureus как монокультура, так и в сочетании с другими бактериальными возбудителями (S. аnhemolyticus, Str. viridans и др.).После окончания антибактериальной терапии оказалось, что такие симптомы, как осиплость, першение и сухость в гортаноглотке, гиперемия и отечность слизистой оболочки гортани и истинных голосовых складок исчезали на фоне комплексного лечения быстрее, чем у больных на фоне традиционной терапии. Время максимальной фонации гласных в секундах также быстрее увеличивалось на фоне комплексной терапии.Продолжительность нетрудоспособности при назначении комплексной терапии оказалась более короткой, чем в группах сравнения: на (10,9 ± 7,9) дня при остром ларингите и на (12,6 ± 7,3) дней – при хроническом; индекс здоровья увеличился на 20,8 и 19,5% соответственно

RESISTANCE TO THE BLAST AGENT AND THE MORPHOBIOLOGICALFEATURES OF GENOTYPES IN THE Oryza sativa L. COLLECTION FROM VARIOUS ECOLOGICAL AND GEOGRAPHICAL GROUPS IN CONDITIONS OF КUBAN ZONE OF RICE GROWING

The most common and harmful disease of the agricultural crop rice is a “burn” caused by the fungus Magnoporthe grisea (Hebert) Barr, the causative agent of rice blast. The important direction of modern domestic rice breeding is the development of high-yielding varieties resistant to blast. To solve the problem, it is important to search for sources and donors of resistance to the Krasnodar population of the pathogen among ecotypes of different ecological and geographical origin. Evaluation of the rice collection diversity for resistance to blast was carried out both on a natural background and on an infectious-provocative one. Immunological evaluation and phenotyping were carried out in 2015–2017 on 154 varieties of the Oryza sativa L. species from 7 ecological and geographical cultivation zones. Over the years of research, the range of variation in the intensity of the disease development in varieties was in the range from 1.1 to 77.8 %. The differences in the resistance of rice varieties to the pathogen between ecological groups and countries have been found. Most of the studied samples have shown medium resistance, there were isolated 51 resistant forms. Most often stable forms were found among the germplasm from China, Italy, the Philippines and Korea, and the unstable ones were from African countries, Japan, Primorye and Vietnam. Introduced samples resistant to the disease were identified and adapted to soil and climatic conditions and rice cultivation technologies of the Kuban, they were included in the breeding scheme for developing pathogen-resistant rice varieties with the extension of their genetic basis. The article presents data on the variation of morphological traits and the rate of development of plants of international varieties from 24 countries in the conditions of the south of Russia. The results of the comparison of germplasm of domestic and foreign varieties according to the degree of resistance to the pathogen in conditions of natural infection in the field experiment for five years are presented. As a result of the evaluation of plant resistance to the Krasnodar population of the pathogen, the effective genes for resistance to the pathogen for breeding programs of the south of Russia and the molecular genetic analysis of the rice collection variety were determined: Pi-1, Pi-z, Pi-ta, Pi-z5, Pi-9, Pi-5(t), Pi-t, Pi-19