Sprouty2 mediated tuning of signalling is essential for somite myogenesis

Background: Negative regulators of signal transduction cascades play critical roles in controlling different aspects of normal embryonic development. Sprouty2 (Spry2) negatively regulates receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK) and FGF signalling and is important in differentiation, cell migration and proliferation. In vertebrate embryos, Spry2 is expressed in paraxial mesoderm and in forming somites. Expression is maintained in the myotome until late stages of somite differentiation. However, its role and mode of action during somite myogenesis is still unclear. Results: Here, we analysed chick Spry2 expression and showed that it overlaps with that of myogenic regulatory factors MyoD and Mgn. Targeted mis-expression of Spry2 led to inhibition of myogenesis, whilst its C-terminal domain led to an increased number of myogenic cells by stimulating cell proliferation. Conclusions: Spry2 is expressed in somite myotomes and its expression overlaps with myogenic regulatory factors. Overexpression and dominant-negative interference showed that Spry2 plays a crucial role in regulating chick myogenesis by fine tuning of FGF signaling through a negative feedback loop. We also propose that mir-23, mir-27 and mir-128 could be part of the negative feedback loop mechanism. Our analysis is the first to shed some light on in vivo Spry2 function during chick somite myogenesis

The Theoretical Description for Chlorantraniliprole Electrochemical Determination, Assisted by Squaraine Dye – Nano-CuS Composite

The theoretical description for the chlorantraniliprole electrochemical determination, assisted by the hybrid composite of squaraine dye with CuS nanoparticles has been described. The correspondent reaction mechanism has been proposed, and the correspondent mathematical model has been developed and analyzed by means of linear stability theory and bifurcation analysis. It has been shown that the chlorantraniprole electrochemical anodical determination on high potential may be efficiently provided by cupper sulfide nanoparticles, stabilized by the squaraine dye. On the other hand, the oscillatory and monotonic instability is also possible, being caused by DEL influences of the electrochemical stage. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17807/orbital.v13i3.151

Theoretical Description for Omeprazole Cathodical Electrochemical Determination, Assisted by Omeprazole Electrochemical Determination, Assisted by the Composite Poly(1,2,4-triazole) – VO(OH)

Abstract: In this work, we describe theoretically the possibility of omeprazole electrochemical determination, assisted by the composite containing vanadium oxyhydroxide as an active substance and the polymer of 1,2,4-triazolic derivative as a mediator. The omeprazole molecule undergoes a sulfoxide to sulfide reduction process over a trivalent vanadium compound. The vanadium oxyhydroxide, at its turn, may be oxidized to a tetravalent state, represented in two forms. The electroanalytical process behavior will be illustrated by a trivariate equation-set, analysis of which confirms the efficiency of the composite of poly (1,2,4-triazole) with VO(OH). Vanadium (III) oxyhydroxide may be efficiently used for omeprazole detection both in pharmaceutical formulations, food, and biological liquids

NUTRITIONAL AND BIOLOGICAL VALUE OF THE WATER FORTIFIER “MARJON”

At present, the factor of healthy nutrition is recognized as one of the key components of the general strategy of the WHO, according to which 60% of the causes of death of people are directly related to nutritional problems. The food formula of the 21st century is constantly consuming the products with desired properties (functional food products) and biologically active food additives along with traditional natural food products. The purpose of this work is to study the nutritional and biological values of the water fortifier Marjon , in order to find the most rational ways to utilize it in human nutrition. Materials and research methods Materials for research were water fortifier “Marjon”, drinking water, 54 white outbred sexually mature rats of both sexes and 2 rabbits. In provided researches, the following methods were used: organoleptic, physicochemical, microbiological and toxicological methods. Research results Based on the results of our own research, examination of the materials of the scientific dossier and literature data, it was established that water fortifier “Marjon”, produced by “ORION SKORPION” Ltd (Uzbekistan), designed to increase the alkalinity of the medium enriched with calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) ions, adsorption of heavy metals and chlorine ions of drinking water made by fractionation of crushed dolomite (microcalcite) according to Ts 25280147-14: 2017 is intended for direct use. Based on the results of toxicological studies of food products, it was found that according to the parameters of acute toxicity with the intragastric route of intake of food additives, it belongs to low-toxic substances class (class IV). Results hematological, biochemical and histomorphological studies of internal organs, confirms that the water fortifier with prolonged intragastric intake does not provide a toxic effect on the organism of experimental animals. Conclusion. Results of nutritional and biological values allow making a conclusion about the biomedical safety of the water fortifier “Marjon” (Uzbekistan) for human health and can be approved for use in accordance with the prescriptions and in the established order

Geoinformation systems and technologies in agriculture logistics and transport

The article contains theoretical considerations on the application of information technology in the field of logistics and transport. In the process of performing mechanized work during construction or in land reclamation measures, technical and technical means are used to provide fuel and lubricants. Based on the analysis of modern information technologies are recommended that ensure a reduction in material and technical resources and an increase in the utilization rate of machines over time

Development temperature has persistent effects on muscle growth responses in gilthead sea bream

Initially we characterised growth responses to altered nutritional input at the transcriptional and tissue levels in the fast skeletal muscle of juvenile gilthead sea bream. Fish reared at 21–22°C (range) were fed a commercial diet at 3% body mass d−1 (non-satiation feeding, NSF) for 4 weeks, fasted for 4d (F) and then fed to satiation (SF) for 21d. 13 out of 34 genes investigated showed consistent patterns of regulation between nutritional states. Fasting was associated with a 20-fold increase in MAFbx, and a 5-fold increase in Six1 and WASp expression, which returned to NSF levels within 16h of SF. Refeeding to satiation was associated with a rapid (<24 h) 12 to 17-fold increase in UNC45, Hsp70 and Hsp90α transcripts coding for molecular chaperones associated with unfolded protein response pathways. The growth factors FGF6 and IGF1 increased 6.0 and 4.5-fold within 16 h and 24 h of refeeding respectively. The average growth in diameter of fast muscle fibres was checked with fasting and significant fibre hypertrophy was only observed after 13d and 21d SF. To investigate developmental plasticity in growth responses we used the same experimental protocol with fish reared at either 17.5–18.5°C (range) (LT) or 21–22°C (range) (HT) to metamorphosis and then transferred to 21–22°C. There were persistent effects of development temperature on muscle growth patterns with 20% more fibres of lower average diameter in LT than HT group of similar body size. Altering the nutritional input to the muscle to stimulate growth revealed cryptic changes in the expression of UNC45 and Hsp90α with higher transcript abundance in the LT than HT groups, whereas there were no differences in the expression of MAFbx and Six1. It was concluded that myogenesis and gene expression patterns during growth are not fixed, but can be modified by temperature during the early stages of the life cycle.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe

The Theoretical Description for Fluoxetine Electrochemical Determination, Assisted by CoO(OH)-Nanoparticles, Deposited Over the Squaraine Dye

The theoretical description of the fluoxetine electrochemical determination over a CoO(OH) – Squaraine Dye composite has been carried out in this work. The correspondent mathematical model has been developed and analyzed by means of the linear stability theory and bifurcation analysis. It has been shown that the cobalt(III) oxyhydroxide, stabilized by squaraine dye layer, may be efficient electrode modifier for fluoxetine electrochemical determination. The possibility for the oscillatory and monotonic instabilities has also been verified. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17807/orbital.v13i1.1573</p