Más allá de las etiquetas: cambio de actitudes hacia las personas con discapacidad intelectual.

El ser humano es un ser social, que necesita a otros para sobrevivir y para descubrir quién es, ya que la persona está compuesta de una identidad personal y de una identidad social (Tajfel, 1978). Por tanto, las actitudes que se tienen hacia distintos colectivos también influyen en los mismos, y en su calidad de vida. El presente trabajo fin de grado tiene un doble objetivo, por un lado, la creación de un instrumento de medida para evaluar las actitudes hacia las personas con discapacidad con menos deseabilidad social (objetivo 1); y, por otro lado, la evaluación de la eficacia de un programa de intervención para el cambio de actitudes, desde el Modelo Tripartito de las Actitudes (Rodríguez, 2012), de los estudiantes de psicología hacia las personas con discapacidad intelectual (objetivo 2). Para el objetivo 1 han participado 42 personas, formado por profesionales del mundo de la discapacidad y por estudiantes de Marketing y para el objetivo 2, 17 estudiantes de Psicología. Se ha realizado un diseño Cuasi-Experimental de medidas repetidas con evaluación longitudinal. Los resultados muestran que el objetivo 1 se cumple parcialmente, ya que el cuestionario permite discriminar entre las actitudes positivas y negativas hacia las personas con discapacidad intelectual en tres de las cinco dimensiones. Además, disminuye la deseabilidad social al utilizar medidas implícitas y está diseñado desde la ley del juicio comparativo. Respecto al objetivo 2, los resultados muestran que el programa de intervención diseñado desde el Modelo Tripartito de la Actitud parece ser efectivo porque las actitudes han cambiado antes y después del mismo, de manera más significativa que programas previos. Como limitaciones entre otras, se encuentran la muestra y la no existencia de grupo control. Como prospectiva se propone la evaluación del impacto en las personas con discapacidad y la creación del grupo de WhatsApp.The human being is a social being, who needs others to survive and to discover who he is, since the person is composed of personal and social identities. Therefore, the attitudes they have for different groups also influence them and their quality of life. This paper has two objectives: to create a measuring instrument to assess attitudes towards persons with disabilities with less social desirability (Objective 1); And, the evaluation of the effectiveness of an intervention program to change attitudes, from the Tripartite Model of Attitudes, of psychology students´ to people with intellectual disabilities (Objective 2). For Objective 1, 42 participants, made up of professionals from the disability world´s and Marketing student´s; for Objective 2, 17 participants, all of them Psychology students´. A Quasi-Experimental design of repeated measurements with longitudinal evaluation has been carried out. The results show that the Objective 1 is partially achieved, because the questionnaire allows to discriminate between the positives and negatives attitudes towards people with intellectual disability in three of the five dimensions. In addition, social desirability decreases by using implicit measures and is designed from the law of comparative judgment. The Objective 2, the results show that the intervention program from the Tripartite Action Model seems to be effective because attitudes have changed before and after it, more important than previous programs. As limitations, among others, is the sample and the non-existence of control group. As a prospective, it is proposed to evaluate the impact on people with disabilities and the creation of the WhatsApp group.pre-print157 K

Effect of Fattening Period Length on Intramuscular and Subcutaneous Fatty Acid Profiles in Iberian Pigs Finished in the Montanera Sustainable System

Twenty-four extensively reared Iberian pigs were used to study the influence of fattening period length (30, 60 or 90 days) on the fatty acid profiles of intramuscular and subcutaneous fat and the relationships between both profiles. Regarding fatty acid (FA) percentage, PUFA was greater in backfat and MUFA was greater in intramuscular fat (IMF), regardless of fattening period length. The longer fattening period increased MUFA content in backfat (which had a more marked change in oleic acid) and decreased PUFA content in backfat and IMF, but it did not affect SFA content. Within the three-layer subcutaneous backfat, SFA content was greater in the inner layer, MUFA was greater in the outer layer and PUFA was greater in both of these layers. The few differences in FA composition between both adipose tissues suggest that the changes due to the feeding regime are slow and, therefore, although the length of the fattening phase was increased, the fatty acid profile did not change substantially. The strong relationship between the FA profiles of IMF and backfat might be used to predict one profile from the other one when the latter is more readily available for sampling or analytical reasons

Routing Topologies of Wireless Sensor Networks for Health Monitoring of a Cultural Heritage Site

This paper provides a performance evaluation of tree and mesh routing topologies of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) in a cultural heritage site. The historical site selected was San Juan Bautista church in Talamanca de Jarama (Madrid, Spain). We report the preliminary analysis required to study the effects of heating in this historical location using WSNs to monitor the temperature and humidity conditions during periods of weeks. To test which routing topology was better for this kind of application, the WSNs were first deployed on the upper floor of the CAEND institute in Arganda del Rey simulating the church deployment, but in the former scenario there was no direct line of sight between the WSN elements. Two parameters were selected to evaluate the performance of the routing topologies of WSNs: the percentage of received messages and the lifetime of the wireless sensor network. To analyze in more detail which topology gave the best performance, other communication parameters were also measured. The tree topology used was the collection tree protocol and the mesh topology was the XMESH provided by MEMSIC (Andover, MA, USA). For the scenarios presented in this paper, it can be concluded that the tree topology lost fewer messages than the mesh topology.The Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness supported this research under grant numbers BIA2009-14395-C04-01 and TEC2012-38402-C04-03. The present study was also funded under project CGL2010-19554. S. Aparicio benefited from funding provided by the Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) through its Post-graduate Studies Council’s post-doctoral specialisation programme (JAE-Doc). Researcher Martínez-Garrido’s was supported by an International Programme for Recruiting Talent (PICATA) predoctoral fellowship awarded by the Moncloa Campus of International Excellence (UPM-UCM, CSIC). J. Ranz benefited from a FPI grant BES-2010-038826 of the Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports. We acknowledge support by the CSIC Open Access Publication Initiative through its Unit of Information Resources for Research (URICI

El papel moderador de la autoeficacia profesional entre situaciones de acoso laboral y la salud en una muestra multiocupacional

La autoeficacia es una competencia personal que actúa frente a los estresores incrementando o disminuyendo el malestar psicológico que estos pueden generar; por su parte el acoso psicológico o mobbing es uno de los factores psicosociales del medio laboral más dañinos para la salud de los trabajadores. Utilizando como marco de referencia el modelo teórico de demandas-recursos (JD-R model), este trabajo tiene como objetivo principal analizar el papel moderador de la autoeficacia profesional entre el acoso laboral y la salud autopercibida en una muestra multiocupacional de 772 trabajadores (379 hombres y 383 mujeres). Se administró un protocolo que contenía la escala NAQ para la medida del acoso laboral, el cuestionario de salud GHQ-12 y la subescala de autoeficacia profesional del MBI. Como resultado destaca el papel moderador de la autoeficacia sobre la salud en situaciones de acoso psicológico. Se discuten los resultados de este trabajo, las limitaciones y sus posibles implicaciones en las organizaciones

Raman microprobe characterization of electrodeposited S-rich CuIn(S,Se)2 for photovoltaic applications: Microstructural analysis

This article reports a detailed Raman scattering and microstructural characterization of S-rich CuIn(S,Se)2 absorbers produced by electrodeposition of nanocrystalline CuInSe2 precursors and subsequent reactive annealing under sulfurizing conditions. Surface and in-depth resolved Raman microprobe measurements have been correlated with the analysis of the layers by optical and scanning electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, and in-depth Auger electron spectroscopy. This has allowed corroboration of the high crystalline quality of the sulfurized layers. The sulfurizing conditions used also lead to the formation of a relatively thick MoS2 intermediate layer between the absorber and the Mo back contact. The analysis of the absorbers has also allowed identification of the presence of In-rich secondary phases, which are likely related to the coexistence in the electrodeposited precursors of ordered vacancy compound domains with the main chalcopyrite phase, in spite of the Cu-rich conditions used in the growth. This points out the higher complexity of the electrodeposition and sulfurization processes in relation to those based in vacuum deposition techniques

Wide band-gap tuning Cu2ZnSn1-xGexS4 single crystals: Optical and vibrational properties

The linear optical properties of Cu2ZnSn1-xGe x S4 high quality single crystals with a wide range of Ge contents (x=0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, 0.9 and 1) have been investigated in the ultraviolet and near infrared range using spectroscopic ellipsometry measurements. From the analysis of the complex dielectric function spectra it has been found that the bandgap E 0 increases continuously from 1.49eV to 2.25eV with the Ge content. Furthermore, the evolution of the interband transitions E 1A and E 1B has been also determined. Raman scattering using three different excitation wavelengths and its analysis have been performed to confirm the absence of secondary phases in the samples, and to distinguish between stannite, wurtzite, wurzstannite and kesterite structures. Additionally, the analysis of the high resolution Raman spectra obtained in samples with different [Ge]/([Ge]+[Sn]) ratios allows describing a bimodal behavior of the dominant A modes. The understanding of the incorporation of Ge into the Cu2ZnSnS4 lattice is fundamental in order to develop efficient bandgap engineering of these compounds towards the fabrication of kesterite based solar cells with enhanced performanceThis work was supported by the Marie Curie-ITN project (KESTCELL, GA: 316488), Marie Curie-IRSES project (PVICOKEST, GA: 269167), AMALIE (TEC2012-38901-C02-01) and SUNBEAM (ENE2013-49136-C4-3-R) project funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness. RC acknowledges financial support from Spanish MINECO within the Ramón y Cajal program (RYC-2011-08521

Non-destructive evaluation of carcass and ham traits and meat quality assessment applied to early and late immunocastrated Iberian pigs

Castration is a common practice in Iberian pigs due to their advanced age and high weight at slaughter. Immunocastration (IC) is an alternative to surgical castration that influences carcass and cut fatness. These traits need to be evaluated in vivo and postmortem. The aims of the present work were (a) to determine the relationship between ham composition measured with computed tomography (CT) and in vivo ultrasound (US) and carcass fat thickness measurements, (b) to apply these technologies to early (EIP) and late (LIP) immunocastrated Iberian pigs in order to evaluate carcass fatness and ham tissue composition and (c) to assess meat quality on these animals and to find the relationships between meat quality traits (namely, intramuscular fat (IMF)) and fat depot thicknesses. For this purpose, 20 purebred Iberian pigs were immunocastrated with three doses of Improvac (R), at either 4.5, 5.5 and 9 or 11, 12 and 14 months of age (EIP or LIP; respectively; n = 10 each) and slaughtered at 17 months of age. Fat depots were evaluated in vivo by US, in carcass with a ruler and in hams by CT. Carcass and cut yields, loin meat quality and loin acceptability by consumers were determined. Also, IMF was determined in the loin and three muscles of the ham. Carcass weight was 14.9 kg heavier in EIP vs LIP, and loin backfat thickness (US- and ruler-measured) was also greater in EIP. Similarly, CT-evaluated ham bone and fat contents were greater and smaller for EIP vs LIP, respectively. Loin and ham IMF were also greater in EIP, but the other meat quality parameters were similar. The acceptability of meat by consumers was high and it did not differ between IC protocols. Correlations between several fat depots measured with the different technologies were high. In conclusion, all these technologies allowed fat depot measurements, which were highly correlated despite being obtained at different anatomical locations. (C) 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of The Animal Consortium

Generación automática de preguntas cloze para cuestionarios Moodle sobre análisis léxico

Los cuestionarios de Moodle son una manera conveniente de afrontar la evaluación online, tan relevante en época de pandemia. Desafortunadamente, su preparación es lenta, engorrosa y propensa a fallos. Además de diseñar la pregunta, luego hay que crearla en Moodle. Si tiene imágenes, hay que crearlas y subirlas a Moodle. También hay que configurar la calificación asociada a la respuesta correcta y a las opciones alternativas incorrectas. Si este proceso se tiene que repetir con muchas preguntas, el tiempo necesario termina siendo prohibitivo. En este trabajo se presenta una herramienta que resuelve todos estos problemas permitiendo la generación automática y masiva de preguntas para la evaluación de algoritmos de obtención de autómatas finitos a partir de expresiones regulares. La evaluación de estos algoritmos es relevante tanto en las asignaturas de lenguajes formales como en las de diseño de compiladores. Con un algoritmo genético se buscan ejercicios de complejidad configurable, tras lo cual se genera el texto, tablas e imágenes asociadas para la carga masiva de todas las preguntas generadas. El principal impacto del uso de esta herramienta está en la enorme reducción del tiempo en la preparación de preguntas, sustituyendo cientos o miles de interacciones con los formularios de Moodle, por unos pocos pasos.Moodle questionnaires are a convenient way to face the online assessment, so relevant in these pandemic times. Unfortunately, their preparation is slow, cumbersome, and prone to mistakes. In addition to designing the question, then it has to be introduced in Moodle. If the question has images, it is necessary to create and upload them to Moodle. It is also necessary to configure the grades associated with the correct answer and the incorrect alternative options. If this process has to be repeated with many questions, the time required ends up being prohibitive. In this work, a tool is presented that solves all these problems, allowing the automatic and massive generation of questions for the evaluation of algorithms for obtaining finite automata from regular expressions. The evaluation of these algorithms is relevant in both formal languages and compiler design subjects. With a genetic algorithm, exercises of configurable complexity are searched, after which the text, tables and associated images are generated for the massive loading of all the questions generated. The main impact of the use of this tool is in the enormous reduction of the time in the preparation of questions, replacing hundreds or thousands of interactions with Moodle forms, for a few steps