79 research outputs found
Parisian ruin over a finite-time horizon
For a risk process , where is the initial
capital, is the premium rate and is an aggregate claim
process, we investigate the probability of the Parisian ruin with a given positive constant and a positive measurable
function . We derive asymptotic expansion of , as
, for the aggregate claim process modeled by Gaussian
processes. As a by-product, we derive the exact tail asymptotics of the infimum
of a standard Brownian motion with drift over a finite-time interval.Comment: 2
Belief in a zero-sum game and subjective well-being across 35 countries
This article presents a short research report on the relationship between perceived antagonism in social relations measured using the Belief in a Zero-Sum Game (BZSG) scale, life satisfaction, and positive and negative affect. Given that individuals who believe that life is like a zero-sum game are likely to perceive their daily interactions with others as unfair, we expected that individuals with high BZSG experience more negative affect and fewer positive one, resulting in a lower satisfaction with life. In addition, we examined whether country-level BZSG may play a moderating role in these associations. Data were collected from student samples (N = 7146) in 35 countries. Multilevel modelling revealed that perceived social antagonism in social relations is negatively associated with satisfaction with life and that this relationship is mediated by both positive and negative affect at the individual level. The relation of individual BZSG and negative affect on satisfaction with life were weaker in societies with higher country-level BZSG, suggesting that the effects of BZSG may be less detrimental in these countries. These findings extend previous knowledge about predictors of life satisfaction and suggest that social beliefs might also be an important factor that influences subjective well-being. The contribution of the study is that the separate treatment of life satisfaction and positive and negative affect may be helpful in many research situations, particularly from a cross-cultural perspective.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Belief in a zero-sum game and subjective well-being across 35 countries
This article presents a short research report on the relationship between perceived antagonism in social relations measured using the Belief in a Zero-Sum Game (BZSG) scale, life satisfaction, and positive and negative affect. Given that individuals who believe that life is like a zero-sum game are likely to perceive their daily interactions with others as unfair, we expected that individuals with high BZSG experience more negative affect and fewer positive one, resulting in a lower satisfaction with life. In addition, we examined whether country-level BZSG may play a moderating role in these associations. Data were collected from student samples (N=7146) in 35 countries. Multilevel modelling revealed that perceived social antagonism in social relations is negatively associated with satisfaction with life and that this relationship is mediated by both positive and negative affect at the individual level. The relation of individual BZSG and negative affect on satisfaction with life were weaker in societies with higher country-level BZSG, suggesting that the effects of BZSG may be less detrimental in these countries. These findings extend previous knowledge about predictors of life satisfaction and suggest that social beliefs might also be an important factor that influences subjective well-being. The contribution of the study is that the separate treatment of life satisfaction and positive and negative affect may be helpful in many research situations, particularly from a cross-cultural perspective
The mental health continuum-short form: the structure and application for cross-cultural studies-A 38 nation study
Objective: The Mental Health Continuum-Short Form (MHC-SF) is a brief scale measuring positive human functioning. The study aimed to examine the factor structure and to explore the cross-cultural utility of the MHC-SF using bifactor models and exploratory structural equation modelling. Method: Using multigroup confirmatory analysis (MGCFA) we examined the measurement invariance of the MHC-SF in 38 countries (university students, N = 8,066; 61.73% women, mean age 21.55 years). Results: MGCFA supported the cross-cultural replicability of a bifactor structure and a metric level of invariance between student samples. The average proportion of variance explained by the general factor was high (ECV =.66), suggesting that the three aspects of mental health (emotional, social, and psychological well-being) can be treated as a single dimension of well-being. Conclusion: The metric level of invariance offers the possibility of comparing correlates and predictors of positive mental functioning across countries; however, the comparison of the levels of mental health across countries is not possible due to lack of scalar invariance. Our study has preliminary character and could serve as an initial assessment of the structure of the MHC-SF across different cultural settings. Further studies on general populations are required for extending our findings.info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersio
As cold as a fish? Relationships between the Dark Triad personality traits and affective experience during the day: A day reconstruction study
The Dark Triad of personality is a cluster of three socially aversive personality traits: Machiavellianism,
narcissism and psychopathy. These traits are associated with a selfish, aggressive
and exploitative interpersonal strategy. The objective of the current study was to
establish relationships between the Dark Triad traits (and their dimensions) and momentary
affect. Machiavellianism, grandiose narcissism, vulnerable narcissism and the dimensions
of the Triarchic model of psychopathy (namely, boldness, meanness and disinhibition) were
examined. We used the Day Reconstruction Method, which is based on reconstructing
affective states experienced during the previous day. The final sample consisted of 270 university
students providing affective ratings of 3047 diary episodes. Analyses using multilevel
modelling showed that only boldness had a positive association with positive affective states
and affect balance, and a negative association with negative affective states. Grandiose
narcissism and its sub-dimensions had no relationship with momentary affect. The other
dark traits were related to negative momentary affect and/or inversely related to positive
momentary affect and affect balance. As a whole, our results empirically demonstrated distinctiveness
of the Dark Triad traits in their relationship to everyday affective states. These
findings are not congruent with the notion that people with the Dark Triad traits, who have a
dispositional tendency to manipulate and exploit others, are generally cold and invulnerable
to negative feelings. The associations between the Dark Triad and momentary affect were
discussed in the contexts of evolutionary and positive psychology, in relation to the role and
adaptive value of positive and negative emotions experienced by individuals higher in
Machiavellianism, narcissism and psychopathy
Circadian oscillator proteins across the kingdoms of life : Structural aspects 06 Biological Sciences 0601 Biochemistry and Cell Biology
Circadian oscillators are networks of biochemical feedback loops that generate 24-hour rhythms and control numerous biological processes in a range of organisms. These periodic rhythms are the result of a complex interplay of interactions among clock components. These components are specific to the organism but share molecular mechanisms that are similar across kingdoms. The elucidation of clock mechanisms in different kingdoms has recently started to attain the level of structural interpretation. A full understanding of these molecular processes requires detailed knowledge, not only of the biochemical and biophysical properties of clock proteins and their interactions, but also the three-dimensional structure of clockwork components. Posttranslational modifications (such as phosphorylation) and protein-protein interactions, have become a central focus of recent research, in particular the complex interactions mediated by the phosphorylation of clock proteins and the formation of multimeric protein complexes that regulate clock genes at transcriptional and translational levels. The three-dimensional structures for the cyanobacterial clock components are well understood, and progress is underway to comprehend the mechanistic details. However, structural recognition of the eukaryotic clock has just begun. This review serves as a primer as the clock communities move towards the exciting realm of structural biology
Materialy do flory naczyniowej Lasow Czeszewskich. Cz.1
The investigations were carried out in the southern part of the Czeszewo Forest located in Central
Wielkopolska. The vascular flora of this area comprises 554 taxa, including 6 species rare for Poland, 29 rare for
Wielkopolska and 14 protected by law. Noteworthy among forest species are the commonly recorded Arctium
nemorosum, Cardamine impatiens, Cerastium macrocarpum, Galium odoratum, Stellaria neglecta, and the rare
Actea spicata, Asarum europaeum, Bromus benekenii and Neottia nidus-avis. In the periodically flooded northern
part of the Czeszewo Forest and by the Warta river, several species associated only with river valleys were found:
Achillea salicifolia, Barbarea stricta, Gratiola officinalis, Pulicaria vulgaris, Scutellaria hastifolia, Senecio
paludosus, Silene tatarica and Veronica longifolia
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