Expression of CD9 and CD82 in papillary thyroid microcarcinoma and its prognostic significance

Introduction: papillary thyroid microcarcinoma is a well-known malignant neoplasm with good prognosis. The known prognostic factors are patient’s age, multifocality, and extrathyroidal extension. CD9 and CD82, members of the tetraspanin family, are expressed in numerous cancer cells and play many roles associated with the cellular process. Material and methods: we investigated the immunohistochemical expression of CD9 and CD82 in papillary thyroid microcarcinoma and analysed the clinicopathological and prognostic significance. For the retrospective analysis, we collected the cases of 553 PTMC patients who had undergone thyroidectomy. Results: The group with lymph node metastasis showed higher immunostaining intensity for CD9 than the group without metastasis (p = 0.002). In multivariate analysis, high CD9 intensity (OR = 1.58 in 3+, p = 0.0025) correlated with lymph node metastasis. Conclusion: We suggest CD9 as a predictive prognostic factor for lymph node metastasis in PTMC

The JCMT BISTRO Survey: Revealing the Diverse Magnetic Field Morphologies in Taurus Dense Cores with Sensitive Submillimeter Polarimetry

Abstract: We have obtained sensitive dust continuum polarization observations at 850 μm in the B213 region of Taurus using POL-2 on SCUBA-2 at the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope as part of the B-fields in STar-forming Region Observations (BISTRO) survey. These observations allow us to probe magnetic field (B-field) at high spatial resolution (∼2000 au or ∼0.01 pc at 140 pc) in two protostellar cores (K04166 and K04169) and one prestellar core (Miz-8b) that lie within the B213 filament. Using the Davis–Chandrasekhar–Fermi method, we estimate the B-field strengths in K04166, K04169, and Miz-8b to be 38 ± 14, 44 ± 16, and 12 ± 5 μG, respectively. These cores show distinct mean B-field orientations. The B-field in K04166 is well ordered and aligned parallel to the orientations of the core minor axis, outflows, core rotation axis, and large-scale uniform B-field, in accordance with magnetically regulated star formation via ambipolar diffusion taking place in K04166. The B-field in K04169 is found to be ordered but oriented nearly perpendicular to the core minor axis and large-scale B-field and not well correlated with other axes. In contrast, Miz-8b exhibits a disordered B-field that shows no preferred alignment with the core minor axis or large-scale field. We found that only one core, K04166, retains a memory of the large-scale uniform B-field. The other two cores, K04169 and Miz-8b, are decoupled from the large-scale field. Such a complex B-field configuration could be caused by gas inflow onto the filament, even in the presence of a substantial magnetic flux

JCMT BISTRO Survey: Magnetic Fields within the Hub-filament Structure in IC 5146

We present the 850 μm polarization observations toward the IC 5146 filamentary cloud taken using the Submillimetre Common-User Bolometer Array 2 (SCUBA-2) and its associated polarimeter (POL-2), mounted on the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope, as part of the B-fields In STar forming Regions Observations. This work is aimed at revealing the magnetic field morphology within a core-scale (lesssim1.0 pc) hub-filament structure (HFS) located at the end of a parsec-scale filament. To investigate whether the observed polarization traces the magnetic field in the HFS, we analyze the dependence between the observed polarization fraction and total intensity using a Bayesian approach with the polarization fraction described by the Rice likelihood function, which can correctly describe the probability density function of the observed polarization fraction for low signal-to-noise ratio data. We find a power-law dependence between the polarization fraction and total intensity with an index of 0.56 in A V ~ 20–300 mag regions, suggesting that the dust grains in these dense regions can still be aligned with magnetic fields in the IC 5146 regions. Our polarization maps reveal a curved magnetic field, possibly dragged by the contraction along the parsec-scale filament. We further obtain a magnetic field strength of 0.5 ± 0.2 mG toward the central hub using the Davis–Chandrasekhar–Fermi method, corresponding to a mass-to-flux criticality of ~1.3 ± 0.4 and an Alfvénic Mach number of <0.6. These results suggest that gravity and magnetic field are currently of comparable importance in the HFS and that turbulence is less important

The JCMT BISTRO Survey: revealing the diverse magnetic field morphologies in taurus dense cores with sensitive submillimeter polarimetry

We have obtained sensitive dust continuum polarization observations at 850 μm in the B213 region of Taurus using POL-2 on SCUBA-2 at the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope as part of the B-fields in STar-forming Region Observations (BISTRO) survey. These observations allow us to probe magnetic field (B-field) at high spatial resolution (~2000 au or ~0.01 pc at 140 pc) in two protostellar cores (K04166 and K04169) and one prestellar core (Miz-8b) that lie within the B213 filament. Using the Davis–Chandrasekhar–Fermi method, we estimate the B-field strengths in K04166, K04169, and Miz-8b to be 38 ± 14, 44 ± 16, and 12 ± 5 μG, respectively. These cores show distinct mean B-field orientations. The B-field in K04166 is well ordered and aligned parallel to the orientations of the core minor axis, outflows, core rotation axis, and large-scale uniform B-field, in accordance with magnetically regulated star formation via ambipolar diffusion taking place in K04166. The B-field in K04169 is found to be ordered but oriented nearly perpendicular to the core minor axis and large-scale B-field and not well correlated with other axes. In contrast, Miz-8b exhibits a disordered B-field that shows no preferred alignment with the core minor axis or large-scale field. We found that only one core, K04166, retains a memory of the large-scale uniform B-field. The other two cores, K04169 and Miz-8b, are decoupled from the large-scale field. Such a complex B-field configuration could be caused by gas inflow onto the filament, even in the presence of a substantial magnetic flux

Development of Mobile Social Network Systems Using Real-Time Facial Authentication and Collaborative Recommendations

We propose a location-based mobile social networking system (SNS) that integrates biometric facial authentication using a modified local directional pattern (MLDP), collaborative content recommendations, and communication among users. The proposed system is an effective fusion of a traditional social networking system, a location-based system, and a provider of intelligent recommendations. The prototype and service scenario in this study show possibilities for technical advancement and the future extension of mobile social networking services. To verify the proposed system, we performed experiments to determine the recognition rate for a user's facial image on a real-world smartphone and the preference prediction accuracy of a collaborative filtering-based recommendation system. Through our implementation and preference prediction experiments, we confirmed that the proposed system is highly effective and applicable to convergence using a location-based service and a content recommender. © 2013 Hyeong-Joon Kwon et al.TRU

Prognostic implications of CpG island hypermethylator phenotype in colorectal cancers

CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) refers to a subset of colorectal cancers (CRCs) that are characterized by concordant hypermethylation of multiple CpG island loci. CIMP+ CRCs have peculiar clinicopathological features. However, controversy exists over prognostic implications of CIMP in CRCs. We analyzed 320 cases of CRCs for their CIMP status using the MethyLight assay and determined clinicopathological features and prognostic implications of CIMP alone or in combination with microsatellite instability (MSI). With methylation of five or more markers among eight markers examined, CIMP+ tumors were significantly associated with female gender, proximal tumor location, poor differentiation, nodal metastasis, more advanced cancer, BRAF mutations, MSI, and poor prognosis (all P values < 0.05). Ogino`s combined eight-marker panel outperformed the Ogino and the Laird five-marker panels in detecting these features. Of the four molecular subtypes generated by the combination of CIMP and MSI status, the CIMP+/MSI- subtype showed the worst clinical outcome (P = 0.0003). However, poor prognosis of CIMP+/MSI- subtype was found to be attributed to BRAF mutation. In conclusion, the CIMP+/MSI- subtype tends to present with distinct clinicopathological and molecular features and shows the worst clinical outcome among the four molecular subtypes of CRCs.Vilkin A, 2009, CANCER, V115, P760, DOI 10.1002/cncr.24019Ogino S, 2009, GUT, V58, P90, DOI 10.1136/gut.2008.155473Barault L, 2008, CANCER RES, V68, P8541, DOI 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-08-1171Cheng YW, 2008, CLIN CANCER RES, V14, P6005, DOI 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-08-0216Lee S, 2008, ARCH PATHOL LAB MED, V132, P1657Nagasaka T, 2008, GASTROENTEROLOGY, V134, P1950, DOI 10.1053/j.gastro.2008.02.094Yoo EJ, 2008, VIRCHOWS ARCH, V452, P515, DOI 10.1007/s00428-008-0596-7Lee S, 2008, PATHOL INT, V58, P104, DOI 10.1111/j.1440-1827.2007.02197.xKang GH, 2008, LAB INVEST, V88, P161, DOI 10.1038/labinvest.3700707Ogino S, 2008, J MOL DIAGN, V10, P13, DOI 10.2353/jmoldx.2008.070082Kakar S, 2008, HUM PATHOL, V39, P30, DOI 10.1016/j.humpath.2007.06.002Shen LL, 2007, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V104, P18654, DOI 10.1073/pnas.0704652104Wood LD, 2007, SCIENCE, V318, P1108, DOI 10.1126/science.1145720Shen L, 2007, CLIN CANCER RES, V13, P6093, DOI 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-07-1011Schuebel KE, 2007, PLOS GENET, V3, P1709, DOI 10.1371/journal.pgen.0030157Ogino S, 2007, J MOL DIAGN, V9, P305, DOI 10.2353/jmoldx.2007.060170Samowitz WS, 2007, MOL CANCER RES, V5, P165, DOI 10.1158/1541-7786.MCR-06-0398Goel A, 2007, GASTROENTEROLOGY, V132, P127, DOI 10.1053/j.gastro.2006.09.018Ogino S, 2006, J MOL DIAGN, V8, P582, DOI 10.2353/j.moldx.2006.060082Jass JR, 2006, HISTOPATHOLOGY, V49, P121, DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2559.2006.02466.xWeisenberger DJ, 2006, NAT GENET, V38, P787, DOI 10.1038/ng1834Ogino S, 2006, GUT, V55, P1000, DOI 10.1136/gut.2005.082933Tanaka H, 2006, INT J CANCER, V118, P2765, DOI 10.1002/ijc.21701Chang SC, 2006, INT J CANCER, V118, P1721, DOI 10.1002/ijc.21563Samowitz WS, 2005, CANCER RES, V65, P6063Young J, 2005, CLIN GASTROENTEROL H, V3, P254, DOI 10.1053/S1542-3565(04)00673-1Weisenberger DJ, 2005, NUCLEIC ACIDS RES, V33, P6823, DOI 10.1093/nar/gki987Nagasaka T, 2004, J CLIN ONCOL, V22, P4584, DOI 10.1200/JCO.2004.02.154Fransen K, 2004, CARCINOGENESIS, V25, P527, DOI 10.1093/carcin/bgh049Oliveira C, 2003, ONCOGENE, V22, P9192, DOI 10.1038/sj.onc.1207061Ward RL, 2003, J CLIN ONCOL, V21, P3729, DOI 10.1200/JCO.2003.03.123Goel A, 2003, CANCER RES, V63, P1608Yuen ST, 2002, CANCER RES, V62, P6451Rajagopalan H, 2002, NATURE, V418, P934, DOI 10.1038/418934aCunningham JM, 2001, AM J HUM GENET, V69, P780Rashid A, 2001, AM J PATHOL, V159, P1129Esteller M, 2001, CANCER RES, V61, P3225Kuismanen SA, 2000, AM J PATHOL, V156, P1773Georgiades IB, 1999, ONCOGENE, V18, P7933Bird AP, 1999, CELL, V99, P451Toyota M, 1999, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V96, P8681Cunningham JM, 1998, CANCER RES, V58, P3455Herman JG, 1998, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V95, P6870Baylin SB, 1998, ADV CANCER RES, V72, P1412