39 research outputs found
PREVALENCIA Y CARACTERĂSTICAS DE LA AUTOMEDICACIĂN EN ESTUDIANTES DE UNA UNIVERSIDAD PRIVADA DE LIMA NORTE
Objetivos: Conocer la frecuencia y las caracterĂsticas de la automedicaciĂłn en los universitarios y en elnĂșcleo familiar. Materiales y mĂ©todos: Estudio descriptivo transversal, desarrollado entre noviembre ydiciembre del 2016, con participaciĂłn de estudiantes de una universidad privada de Lima Norte.Resultados: De 640 estudiantes de ambos sexos que cumplieron los criterios del estudio, 55,6% (n=356)fueron mujeres y el 44,5% (n=285) fueron menores de 20 años. El 46,3% (n=296) de los estudiantesconsumieron algĂșn medicamento en los Ășltimos 30 dĂas, de los cuales el 57,1% (n=169) fueron sinprescripciĂłn mĂ©dica. En otros miembros de la familia, del 50,5% (n=323) que consumieron algĂșnmedicamento en los Ășltimos 30 dĂas, el 44,4% (n=142) fueron sin prescripciĂłn mĂ©dica, el 52,0% (n=154)consumieron sintomĂĄticos. Conclusiones: La frecuencia de la automedicaciĂłn en los estudiantesuniversitarios y en el nĂșcleo familiar fue alta, principalmente de medicamentos sintomĂĄticos, motivadospor la prescripciĂłn previa y los inconvenientes de acceso a los servicios de salud
Childhood leukemias in Mexico: towards implementing CAR-T cell therapy programs
Leukemias are the most common type of pediatric cancer around the world. Prognosis has improved during the last decades, and many patients are cured with conventional treatment as chemotherapy; however, many patients still present with a refractory disease requiring additional treatments, including hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies or cellular therapy is a promising strategy for treating refractory or relapsed hematological malignancies. Particularly, CAR-T cells have shown clinical efficacy in clinical trials, and different products are now commercially approved by regulatory agencies in the USA and Europe. Many challenges still need to be solved to improve and optimize the potential of these therapies worldwide. Global access to cell therapy is a significant concern, and different strategies are being explored in the middle- and low-income countries. In Mexico, leukemias represent around 50% of total cancer diagnosed in pediatric patients, and the rate of relapsed or refractory disease is higher than reported in other countries, a multi-factorial problem. Although significant progress has been made during the last decades in leukemia diagnosis and treatment, making new therapies available to Mexican patients is a priority, and cell and gene therapies are on the horizon. Efforts are ongoing to make CAR-T cell therapy accessible for patients in Mexico. This article summarizes a general landscape of childhood leukemias in Mexico, and we give a perspective about the current strategies, advances, and challenges ahead to make gene and cell therapies for leukemia clinically available
DiagnĂłstico y tratamiento del cĂĄncer de mama HER2+: GuĂa de PrĂĄctica ClĂnica de la Sociedad Peruana de CancerologĂa
Introduction. In Peru, breast cancer represents the most common type of cancer in women and the sixth most lethal type of cancer in the general population. Overexpression of the epidermal growth factor receptor (HER2 +) occurs in 20% to 30% of breast cancers, and is associated with more aggressive tumors, with greater recurrence and greater mortality. Objective. Prepare a set of evidence-based recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of HER2 + breast cancer, in order to help reduce mortality, disease progression and improve quality of life. Methods. A panel of clinical specialists and methodologists was formed, who identified relevant clinical questions about the diagnosis and treatment of HER2 + breast cancer. A systematic search for CPGs was carried out in Medline (PubMed), and in developing and compiling agencies. For the formulation of recommendations, the panel of specialists discussed the evidence and elements of the context of implementation of the recommendation, following the methodology proposed by the Ministry of Health of Peru. Results. Nine clinical questions were prioritized. A total of 25 clinical recommendations were made. Conclusions. An evidence-based CPG was developed through a systematic, rigorous and transparent process developed by a multidisciplinary team.IntroducciĂłn. En PerĂș, el cĂĄncer de mama representa el tipo de cĂĄncer mĂĄs frecuente en mujeres y el sexto tipo de cĂĄncer mĂĄs letal en la poblaciĂłn general. La sobreexpresiĂłn del receptor del factor de crecimiento epidĂ©rmico (HER2+) ocurre en 20% a 30% de los cĂĄnceres de mama, y se asocia con tumores mĂĄs agresivos, con mayor recurrencia y mayor mortalidad. Objetivo. Elaborar un conjunto de recomendaciones basadas en evidencias para el diagnĂłstico y tratamiento del cĂĄncer de mama HER2+, con la finalidad de contribuir a reducir la mortalidad, progresiĂłn de la enfermedad y mejorar la calidad de vida. MĂ©todos. Se conformĂł un panel de especialistas clĂnicos y metodĂłlogos, quienes identificaron preguntas clĂnicas relevantes sobre el diagnĂłstico y tratamiento del cĂĄncer de mama HER2+. Se desarrollĂł una bĂșsqueda sistemĂĄtica de GPC en Medline (PubMed), y en organismos elaboradores y recopiladores. Para la formulaciĂłn de recomendaciones, el panel de especialistas discutiĂł la evidencia y elementos del contexto de implementaciĂłn de la recomendaciĂłn, siguiendo la metodologĂa propuesta por el Ministerio de Salud del PerĂș. Resultados. Se priorizĂł nueve preguntas clĂnicas. Se formulĂł un total de 25 recomendaciones clĂnicas. Conclusiones. Se elaborĂł una GPC basada en evidencias, a travĂ©s de un proceso sistemĂĄtico, riguroso y transparente desarrollado por un equipo multidisciplinario. 
Efficacy of Neoadjuvant Carboplatin plus Docetaxel in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: Combined Analysis of Two Cohorts
Recent studies demonstrate that addition of neoadjuvant (NA) carboplatin (Cb) to anthracycline/taxane chemotherapy improves pathological complete response (pCR) in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). Effectiveness of anthracycline-free, platinum combinations in TNBC is not well known. Here we report efficacy of NA carboplatin + docetaxel (CbD) in TNBC
Elevation and latitude drives structure and tree species composition in Andean forests: Results from a large-scale plot network
Our knowledge about the structure and function of Andean forests at regional scales remains limited. Current initiatives to study forests over continental or global scales still have important geographical gaps, particularly in regions such as the tropical and subtropical Andes. In this study, we assessed patterns of structure and tree species diversity along ~ 4000 km of latitude and ~ 4000 m of elevation range in Andean forests. We used the Andean Forest Network (Red de Bosques Andinos, https://redbosques.condesan.org/) database which, at present, includes 491 forest plots (totaling 156.3 ha, ranging from 0.01 to 6 ha) representing a total of 86,964 identified tree stems â„ 10 cm diameter at breast height belonging to 2341 identified species, 584 genera and 133 botanical families. Tree stem density and basal area increases with elevation while species richness decreases. Stem density and species richness both decrease with latitude. Subtropical forests have distinct tree species composition compared to those in the tropical region. In addition, floristic similarity of subtropical plots is between 13 to 16% while similarity between tropical forest plots is between 3% to 9%. Overall, plots ~ 0.5-ha or larger may be preferred for describing patterns at regional scales in order to avoid plot size effects. We highlight the need to promote collaboration and capacity building among researchers in the Andean region (i.e., South-South cooperation) in order to generate and synthesize information at regional scale.Fil: Malizia, Agustina. Universidad Nacional de TucumĂĄn. Instituto de EcologĂa Regional. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - TucumĂĄn. Instituto de EcologĂa Regional; ArgentinaFil: Blundo, Cecilia Mabel. Universidad Nacional de TucumĂĄn. Instituto de EcologĂa Regional. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - TucumĂĄn. Instituto de EcologĂa Regional; ArgentinaFil: Carilla, Julieta. Universidad Nacional de TucumĂĄn. Instituto de EcologĂa Regional. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - TucumĂĄn. Instituto de EcologĂa Regional; ArgentinaFil: Osinaga Acosta, Oriana. Universidad Nacional de TucumĂĄn. Instituto de EcologĂa Regional. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - TucumĂĄn. Instituto de EcologĂa Regional; ArgentinaFil: Cuesta, Francisco. Universidad de Las AmĂ©ricas; Ecuador. Consorcio para el Desarrollo Sostenible de la EcorregiĂłn Andina; EcuadorFil: Duque, Alvaro. Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Sede MedellĂn; ColombiaFil: Aguirre, Nikolay. Universidad Nacional de Loja. Centro de Investigaciones Tropicales del Ambiente y la Biodiversidad; EcuadorFil: Aguirre, Zhofre. Universidad Nacional de Loja. Centro de Investigaciones Tropicales del Ambiente y la Biodiversidad; EcuadorFil: Ataroff, Michele. Universidad de Los Andes; VenezuelaFil: Baez, Selene. Escuela PolitĂ©cnica Nacional; EcuadorFil: CalderĂłn Loor, Marco. Universidad de Las AmĂ©ricas; Ecuador. Deakin University; AustraliaFil: Cayola, Leslie. Herbario Nacional de Bolivia; Bolivia. Missouri Botanical Garden; Estados UnidosFil: Cayuela, Luis. Universidad Rey Juan Carlos; EspañaFil: Ceballos, Sergio Javier. Universidad Nacional de TucumĂĄn. Instituto de EcologĂa Regional. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - TucumĂĄn. Instituto de EcologĂa Regional; ArgentinaFil: Cedillo, Hugo. Universidad de Cuenca; EcuadorFil: FarfĂĄn RĂos, William. Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco. Herbario Vargas; PerĂșFil: Feeley, Kenneth J.. University of Miami; Estados UnidosFil: Fuentes, Alfredo Fernando. Herbario Nacional de Bolivia; Bolivia. Missouri Botanical Garden; Estados UnidosFil: GĂĄmez Ălvarez, Luis E.. Universidad de Los Andes; VenezuelaFil: Grau, Hector Ricardo. Universidad Nacional de TucumĂĄn. Instituto de EcologĂa Regional. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - TucumĂĄn. Instituto de EcologĂa Regional; ArgentinaFil: Homeier, Juergen. UniversitĂ€t Göttingen; AlemaniaFil: Jadan, Oswaldo. Universidad de Cuenca; EcuadorFil: Llambi, Luis Daniel. Escuela PolitĂ©cnica Nacional; EcuadorFil: Loza Rivera, MarĂa Isabel. University of Missouri; Estados Unidos. Herbario Nacional de Bolivia; Bolivia. Missouri Botanical Garden; Estados UnidosFil: MacĂa, Manuel J.. Universidad AutĂłnoma de Madrid; EspañaFil: Malhi, Yadvinder. University of Oxford; Reino UnidoFil: Malizia, Lucio Ricardo. Universidad Nacional de Jujuy. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; ArgentinaFil: Peralvo, Manuel. Consorcio para el Desarrollo Sostenible de la EcorregiĂłn Andina; EcuadorFil: Pinto, Esteban. Consorcio para el Desarrollo Sostenible de la EcorregiĂłn Andina; EcuadorFil: Tello, SebastiĂĄn. Missouri Botanical Garden; Estados UnidosFil: Silman, Miles. Center for Energy, Environment and Sustainability; Estados UnidosFil: Young, Kenneth R.. University of Texas at Austin; Estados Unido
PolĂtica andina de planificaciĂłn y gestiĂłn de recursos humanos en salud
The countries of the Andean subregion Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Venezuela, integrated into the Andean Health Organization - HipĂłlito Unanue Convention (ORAS - CONHU) developed and approved by Resolution REMSAA XXXIII / 474 of 23 November 2012, Andean Policy Planning and Management of Human Resources in Health and implementation of its Action Plan 2013-2017.Los paĂses de la subregiĂłn andina Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, PerĂș y Venezuela, integrados en el Organismo Andino de Salud â Convenio HipĂłlito Unanue (ORAS â CONHU) elaboraron y aprobaron mediante ResoluciĂłn REMSAA XXXIII/474 del 23 de Noviembre de 2012, la PolĂtica Andina de PlanificaciĂłn y GestiĂłn de Recursos Humanos en Salud y la implementaciĂłn de su Plan de AcciĂłn 2013 â 2017
Envejecimiento de la poblaciĂłn
•Actividades básicas de la vida diaria en personas mayores y factores asociados •Asociación entre depresión y posesión de mascotas en personas mayores •Calidad de vida en adultos mayores de Santiago aplicando el instrumento WHOQOL-BREF •Calidad de vida en usuarios con enfermedad de Parkinson, demencia y sus cuidadores, comuna de Vitacura •Caracterización de egresos hospitalarios de adultos mayores en Puerto Natales (2007-2009) •Comportamiento de las patologías incluidas como GES para el adulto mayor atendido en un Cesfam •Contribución de vitaminas y minerales a las ingestas recomendadas diarias en ancianos institucionalizados de Madrid •Estado de salud oral del paciente inscrito en el Programa de Visita Domiciliaria •Evaluación del programa de discapacidad severa en Casablanca con la matriz de marco lógico •Factores asociados a satisfacción vital en una cohorte de adultos mayores de Santiago, Chile •Pauta instrumental para la identificación de riesgos para el adulto mayor autovalente, en su vivienda •Perfil farmacológico del paciente geriátrico institucionalizado y posibles consecuencias en el deterioro cognitivo •Programa de cuidados paliativos y alivio del dolor en Puerto Natales •Rehabilitación mandibular implantoprotésica: efecto en calidad de vida relacionada con salud bucal en adultos mayores •Salud bucodental en adultos mayores autovalentes de la Región de Valparaíso •Transición epidemiológica y el estudio de carga de enfermedad en Brasi
Enfermedades crĂłnicas
Adherencia al tratamiento farmacológico y relación con el control metabólico en pacientes con DM2Aluminio en pacientes con terapia de reemplazo renal crónico con hemodiálisis en Bogotá, ColombiaAmputación de extremidades inferiores: ¿están aumentando las tasas?Consumo de edulcorantes artificiales en jóvenes universitariosCómo crecen niños normales de 2 años que son sobrepeso a los 7 añosDiagnóstico con enfoque territorial de salud cardiovascular en la Región MetropolitanaEfecto a corto plazo de una intervención con ejercicio físico, en niños con sobrepesoEfectos de la cirugía bariátrica en pacientes con síndrome metabólico e IMC < 35 KG/M2Encuesta mundial de tabaquismo en estudiantes de profesiones de saludEnfermedades crónicas no transmisibles: Consecuencias sociales-sanitarias de comunidades rurales en ChileEpidemiología de las muertes hospitalarias por patologías relacionadas a muerte encefálica, Chile 2003-2007Estado nutricional y conductas alimentarias en adolescentes de 4º medio de la Región de CoquimboEstudio de calidad de vida en una muestra del plan piloto para hepatitis CEvaluación del proceso asistencial y de resultados de salud del GES de diabetes mellitus 2Factores de riesgo cardiovascular en población universitaria de la Facsal, universidad de TarapacáImplicancias psicosociales en la génesis, evolución y tratamiento de pacientes con hipertensión arterial esencialInfarto agudo al miocardio (IAM): Realidad en el Hospital de Puerto Natales, 2009-2010Introducción de nuevas TIC y mejoría de la asistencia a un programa de saludNiños obesos atendidos en el Cesfam de Puerto Natales y su entorno familiarPerfil de la mortalidad por cáncer de cuello uterino en Río de JaneiroPerfil del paciente primo-consultante del Programa de Salud Cardiovascular, Consultorio Cordillera Andina, Los AndesPrevalencia de automedicación en mujeres beneficiarias del Hospital Comunitario de Til-TiPrevalencia de caries en población preescolar y su relación con malnutrición por excesoPrevalencia de retinopatía diabética en comunas dependientes del Servicio de Salud Metropolitano Occidente (SSMOC)Problemas de adherencia farmacológica antihipertensiva en población mapuche: Un estudio cualitativoRol biológico de los antioxidantes innatos en pacientes portadores de VIH/SidaSobrepeso en empleados de un restaurante de una universidad pública del estado de São Paul
Recommended from our members
Disentangling Signatures of Selection Before and After European Colonization in Latin Americans
Throughout human evolutionary history, large-scale migrations have led to intermixing (i.e., admixture) between previously separated human groups. Although classical and recent work have shown that studying admixture can yield novel historical insights, the extent to which this process contributed to adaptation remains underexplored. Here, we introduce a novel statistical model, specific to admixed populations, that identifies loci under selection while determining whether the selection likely occurred post-admixture or prior to admixture in one of the ancestral source populations. Through extensive simulations, we show that this method is able to detect selection, even in recently formed admixed populations, and to accurately differentiate between selection occurring in the ancestral or admixed population. We apply this method to genome-wide SNP data of âŒ4,000 individuals in five admixed Latin American cohorts from Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, and Peru. Our approach replicates previous reports of selection in the human leukocyte antigen region that are consistent with selection post-admixture. We also report novel signals of selection in genomic regions spanning 47 genes, reinforcing many of these signals with an alternative, commonly used local-ancestry-inference approach. These signals include several genes involved in immunity, which may reflect responses to endemic pathogens of the Americas and to the challenge of infectious disease brought by European contact. In addition, some of the strongest signals inferred to be under selection in the Native American ancestral groups of modern Latin Americans overlap with genes implicated in energy metabolism phenotypes, plausibly reflecting adaptations to novel dietary sources available in the Americas
COVID-19 symptoms at hospital admission vary with age and sex: results from the ISARIC prospective multinational observational study
Background:
The ISARIC prospective multinational observational study is the largest cohort of hospitalized patients with COVID-19. We present relationships of age, sex, and nationality to presenting symptoms.
Methods:
International, prospective observational study of 60â109 hospitalized symptomatic patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 recruited from 43 countries between 30 January and 3 August 2020. Logistic regression was performed to evaluate relationships of age and sex to published COVID-19 case definitions and the most commonly reported symptoms.
Results:
âTypicalâ symptoms of fever (69%), cough (68%) and shortness of breath (66%) were the most commonly reported. 92% of patients experienced at least one of these. Prevalence of typical symptoms was greatest in 30- to 60-year-olds (respectively 80, 79, 69%; at least one 95%). They were reported less frequently in children (â€â18 years: 69, 48, 23; 85%), older adults (â„â70 years: 61, 62, 65; 90%), and women (66, 66, 64; 90%; vs. men 71, 70, 67; 93%, each Pâ<â0.001). The most common atypical presentations under 60 years of age were nausea and vomiting and abdominal pain, and over 60 years was confusion. Regression models showed significant differences in symptoms with sex, age and country.
Interpretation:
This international collaboration has allowed us to report reliable symptom data from the largest cohort of patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19. Adults over 60 and children admitted to hospital with COVID-19 are less likely to present with typical symptoms. Nausea and vomiting are common atypical presentations under 30 years. Confusion is a frequent atypical presentation of COVID-19 in adults over 60 years. Women are less likely to experience typical symptoms than men