Factores de riesgos psicosociales y estrés percibido en docentes universitarios

University teachers are involved in a work environment where they interact with people (bosses, colleagues, students, etc.) and situations that can cause stress. The main objective of this research was to know the relationship between psychosocial risk factors and the stress perceived by university teachers. The focus of the work was quantitative, the design was correlational and transversal; the sample consisted of 117 university teachers from Lima, Peru. The results indicated that perceived stress is positively related to psychological demands, active work, compensations and double presence of the teachers; however, an inverse relationship was found between stress and social support received. The data showed that teachers who work by contract have a higher level of stress and that the main symptoms experienced are tiredness, not being able to sleep, headaches, poor concentration and variation in appetite. No relevant differences were found in terms of age and sex.Los docentes universitarios están involucrados en un ámbito laboral donde interactúan con personas (jefes, colegas, estudiantes, etc.) y situaciones que pueden causar estrés. La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo central conocer la relación entre los factores de riesgos psicosociales y el estrés percibido por los docentes universitarios. El enfoque del trabajo fue cuantitativo, el diseño fue correlacional y transversal; la muestra estuvo constituida por 117 docentes universitarios de Lima, Perú. Los resultados indicaron que el estrés percibido se relaciona positivamente con las exigencias psicológicas, trabajo activo, compensaciones y doble presencia del docente; sin embargo, se encontró una relación inversa entre el estrés y el apoyo social recibido. Los datos muestran que los docentes contratados presentan mayor nivel de estrés y que los principales síntomas experimentados son el cansancio, no poder dormir, dolores de cabeza, poca concentración y variación del apetito. No se encontraron diferencias relevantes en cuanto a la edad y sexo.

A Systematization of a Research-based Reading Rssessment in Two Middle School Students

The main objective of the present study is to systematize an experience of a research-based  reading assessment of two middle school students from a public school in Manhattan, New York during the Fall 2022. In order to select the assessment tests, I asumed the Science of Reading along with the Simple View of Reading perspectives. The tests applied addresed to assess students in three aspects: decoding, fluency, and encoding (spelling). Results showed that, in a nutshell, students are reading below their grade; nevertheless, the fact that they are Colombian inmigrants living one year in the U.S., may explain their results on the assessment tests. In the discussion section, I put into perspective the student’s assessments’ results with their context and personal background in order to have a broader understanding of their reading skills. The implication of this study is to acknowledge the necessity to use research-based assessment  to make the best decision in order to improve student’s reading skills.       The main objective of the present study is to systematize an experience of a researchbased reading assessment of two middle school students from a public school inManhattan, New York during the Fall 2022. In order to select the assessment tests, Iassumed the Science of Reading along with the Simple View of Reading perspectives.The tests applied addressed to assess students in three aspects: decoding, fluency, andencoding (spelling). Results showed that, in a nutshell, students are reading below theirgrade; nevertheless, the fact that they are Colombian immigrants living one year in theU.S., may explain their results on the assessment tests. In the discussion section, I putinto perspective the student’s assessments’ results with their context and personalbackground so as to have a broader understanding of their reading skills. The implicationof this study is to acknowledge the necessity to use research-based assessment to makethe best decision to improve student’s reading skills

VCO-based ADCs Design Techniques for Communication Systems

This work presents a novel technique to implement voltage-controlled oscillator based continuous-time Delta-Sigma analog-to-digital converters (VCO-based CT-ΔΣ ADCs) in closed-loop configuration. Over the past years there has been an upward trend in the use of these type of converters for instrumentation, audio and communication applications. The reason is that they are mostly digital and thus benefit from advances in deep-submicron CMOS processes. VCO-based ADCs have been widely studied in a great deal of papers and it is known that one of its main drawbacks is the non-linearity it presents. To overcome this issue, to place the VCO within a closed-loop is usually done to attenuate its input magnitude level. However, to do so it is needed a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) as in a conventional CT-ΔΣ, therefore it is required for the DAC to be simple and it cannot present a high number of elements, being the latter a bottleneck for implementing VCOs with a high number of inverters. This works presents a technique that enables to use VCOs with severals inverters while keeping the same number of DAC elements as before. Based upon previous theoretical studies of the VCO-based ADCs which model it as a pulse frequency modulation encoder, this new technique is analyzed and linear models are developed in order to study its viability at system level. Moreover, how impairments related to a real implementation affect the use of this technique are also analyzed. The contributions proposed in this document are focused but not limited to communication applications.Máster Universitario en Ingeniería de Sistemas Electrónicos y Aplicaciones. Curso 2018/201

Energy-Based Control for the Cart-Pole System in Implicit Port-Hamiltonian Representation

This master thesis is devoted to the design, analysis, and experimental validation of an energy-based control strategy for the well-known benchmark cart-pole system in implicit Port-Hamiltonian (PH) representation. The control scheme performs two tasks: swingup and (local) stabilization. The swing-up controller is carried out on the basis of a generalized energy function and consists of bringing the pendulum trajectories from the lower (stable) position to a limit cycle (homoclinic orbit), which passes by the upright (unstable) position, as well as the cart trajectories to the desired point. The (local) stabilizing controller is designed under a novel algebraic Interconnection and Damping Assignment Passivity-Based Control (IDA-PBC) technique and ensures the upright (asymptotic) stabilization of the pendulum as well as the cart at a desired position. To illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme, this work presents simulations and real-time experiments considering physical damping, i.e., viscous friction. The results are additionally contrasted with another energy-based control strategy for the cart-pole system in explicit Euler-Lagrange (EL) representation.Diese Masterarbeit widmet sich dem Entwurf, der Analyse und der experimentellen Validierung einer energiebasierten Regelstrategie für das bekannte Benchmarksystem des inversen Pendels auf einem Wagen in impliziter Port-Hamiltonscher (PH) Darstellung. Das Regelungssystem erfüllt zwei Aufgaben: das Aufschwingen und (lokale) Stabilisierung. Das Aufschwingen erfolgt auf Grundlage der generalisierten Energiefunktion und besteht darin, sowohl die Trajektorien des Pendels von der unteren (stabilen) Position in einen Grenzzyklus (homokliner Orbit) zu bringen, wobei die (instabile) aufrechte Lage passiert wird, als auch den Wagen in einer gewünschten Position einzustellen. Die (lokale) Regelung zur Stabilisierung ist nach einer neuartigen algebraischen Interconnection and Damping Assignment Passivity-Based Control (IDA-PBC) Methode konzipiert und gewährleistet die aufrechte (asymptotische) Stabilisierung des Pendels sowie die Positionierung des Wagens an einem gewünschten Referenzpunkt. Um die Funktionalität des entworfenen Regelungssystems zu veranschaulichen, werden in dieser Masterarbeit Simulationen und Echtzeit-Experimente unter Berücksichtigung der physikalischen Dämpfung, d.h. der viskosen Reibung, vorgestellt. Die Ergebnisse werden zusätzlich mit einem weiteren energiebasierten Regelungsansatz für das System des inversen Pendels auf einem Wagen in expliziter Euler-Lagrange (EL) Darstellung verglichen.Tesi

Evaluation of metal-organic frameworks in electronic devices for gas sensing

Integrating nano-porous metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) in electronic devices such as capacitors, transistor or memristor enables sensing applications for a wide variety of guest molecules. Particularly, the incorporation of thin MOF films in metal-insulator-semiconductor (MIS) capacitor structures allows real-life applications because of its low voltage operation. Additionally, MIS capacitors offer a thorough study of interfacial defects such as interface traps and border traps distributed within the device. In electronic devices, a low concentration of interfacial defects is required to avoid threshold-voltage instabilities. This fact guarantees good stability and performance of electrical devices. This research work provides detailed investigation about charges and defects in MOFs-based MIS capacitors by impedance spectroscopy. Cu3(BTC)2 was coated directly on silicon, and on thermally grown silicon dioxide surfaces in a layer-by-layer fashion. The layer thickness was easily handled by varying the number of spray cycles in the coating process. In addition, Si/SiO2/Al MIS capacitors were investigated for comparison reasons. The successful growth of ultra-thin Cu3(BTC)2 films on silicon substrates was verified via X-ray diffraction (XRD) experiments. The function of MOFs within MIS capacitors was investigated via capacitance-voltage (C-V) and conductance-voltage (G-V) characteristics measured at different frequencies and temperatures. The results show evidence of positive and negative fixed charges in the Cu3(BTC)2 dielectric layer as well as of the presence of border traps which cause hysteresis in the C-V characteristics. Evidence of interface traps is directly observed by the peak on the conductance curve. Analysis of the data demonstrates that ultra-thin Cu3(BTC)2 films prepared without ultrasonication exhibit a relatively low density of border traps (~1011cm-2), interface traps (~1011eV-1cm-2) and time response in the order of µs. Temperature-dependent measurements degrade the electrical quality of the MOFs. The addition of ultrasonication steps on the coating process decreases considerably the density of border traps. Additionally, the layers are more stable under heating experiments, and after cooling they almost recover the initial state. The experimental results show that MOF-based capacitors exhibit interface quality comparable to inorganic materials, making them suitable for sensing applications

Percepción del estudiante de enfermería de una universidad pública sobre la sexualidad del adulto mayor, Lima, 2017

Publicación a texto completo no autorizada por el autorDeterminar la percepción del estudiante de enfermería de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos sobre la sexualidad en el adulto mayor. El estudio es de tipo cuantitativo, nivel aplicativo, el método que se utilizó fue descriptivo transversal, la técnica que se utilizó fue el instrumento la Escala Modificada tipo Likert con 23 ítems. La muestra fue constituida por 137 estudiantes del 3ro, 4to y 5to año. Se obtuvo como resultado la percepción que tiene el estudiante de enfermería sobre la sexualidad del adulto mayor fue una percepción medianamente favorable (51%). Se concluye en esta investigación que existe un gran porcentaje de estudiantes de enfermería que tienen una percepción medianamente favorable sobre la sexualidad del adulto mayor, mientras que la otra mitad se encuentra dividida entre una percepción favorable y desfavorable; estas diferencias podrían deberse a que la población en general, entre ellas los jóvenes quienes creen que la sexualidad es exclusivamente de ellos y que los adultos mayores no tienen derecho a sentir ni a vivir su sexualidad, además de confundirla con sexo.Tesi

Factores asociados al inicio de la lactancia materna precoz del Hospital Nacional Docente Madre Niño “San Bartolomé”, setiembre a octubre del 2017

Publicación a texto completo no autorizada por el autorAnaliza los factores asociados (factores socioculturales, factores institucionales, factores obstétricos y factores neonatales) al inicio de la lactancia materna precoz del Hospital Nacional Docente Madre Niño “San Bartolomé”, setiembre a octubre del 2017. Estudio observacional, analítico, retrospectivo y transversal, el diseño es de casos y controles anidado a una cohorte con enfoque cuantitativo. Participan 191 casos de gestantes que inician precozmente y 191 que gestantes que no inician precozmente la lactancia materna. Los resultados revelan: para los factores socioculturales, se encuentra asociación entre la ocupación “estudiante” (p=0.003, OR=3.61), la no deformidad de las mamas por la lactancia materna (p=0.045, OR=1.53), el pensar que los bebés no necesitan beber infusiones (p=0.000, OR=2.89) y el inicio de la lactancia materna. Para los resultados institucionales, se encuentra asociación entre el recibir información sobre la lactancia materna en la atención prenatal (p=0.024, OR=1.59), la demora en traer al bebé entre 10 a 25 minutos (p=0.000, OR=12.11) y entre 26-45 minutos (p=0.000, OR=8.36), el creer que hay un ambiente favorable para lactancia materna (p=0.021, OR=1.82) y el inicio de la lactancia materna. No se encuentra asociación entre el factor obstétrico y el inicio de la lactancia materna. No se encuentra asociación entre el factor neonatal y el inicio de la lactancia materna precoz.Tesi