"They Said the Course Would Be Wasted On Me Because I Was A Girl": Mothers, Daughters, And Shifting Forms Of Female Activism in the Ukrainian Left in Twentieth-Century Canada

A generation divided progressive Ukrainian mothers and daughters. Nonetheless, they shared cultural and political lessons learned at the Ukrainian labour temples, in their neighbourhoods, and on picket lines. They absorbed, transformed and put these ideas to work in a variety of ways to build, challenge, change, or leave the Ukrainian left.Une géneration séparait les mères et les filles ukréniennes. Néanmoins elle partageaient des lessons culturelles et politiques apprises aux Temples du travail ukréniens, dans leurs voisinnages, sur les lignes de piquetage. Elles ont absorbé, transformé, et mis ces idées en marche dans une variétés de façons de bâtir, de mettre au défi, de changer ou de laisser l'Ukraine qu'elles ont laissée

Tensile Strength of Malosma Laurina Leaves in Wet and Dry Conditions

Pepperdine University is one located in one of the most diverse places of the world. It is located in the Mediterranean which occupies less than 5% of the earth\u27s landmass and is only found in five areas which includes California. On the campus there are several canyons. One of the canyons is called Winter Canyon. The canyon contained a plant called Malosma laurina which is located in a riparian environment and a chaparral environment. The plant grows in both areas however, our hypothesis was that the dry plants\u27 leaves would demonstrate more plasticity. The soil humidity was also measured to compare the difference between the two and there was a significant difference. The average humidity for the wet soil was 43.5% and the dry was 22.5%. Our hypothesis was proven to be true after analyzing the results of the instron machine. The tensile strength was higher among dry leaves

Global patient outcomes after elective surgery: prospective cohort study in 27 low-, middle- and high-income countries.

BACKGROUND: As global initiatives increase patient access to surgical treatments, there remains a need to understand the adverse effects of surgery and define appropriate levels of perioperative care. METHODS: We designed a prospective international 7-day cohort study of outcomes following elective adult inpatient surgery in 27 countries. The primary outcome was in-hospital complications. Secondary outcomes were death following a complication (failure to rescue) and death in hospital. Process measures were admission to critical care immediately after surgery or to treat a complication and duration of hospital stay. A single definition of critical care was used for all countries. RESULTS: A total of 474 hospitals in 19 high-, 7 middle- and 1 low-income country were included in the primary analysis. Data included 44 814 patients with a median hospital stay of 4 (range 2-7) days. A total of 7508 patients (16.8%) developed one or more postoperative complication and 207 died (0.5%). The overall mortality among patients who developed complications was 2.8%. Mortality following complications ranged from 2.4% for pulmonary embolism to 43.9% for cardiac arrest. A total of 4360 (9.7%) patients were admitted to a critical care unit as routine immediately after surgery, of whom 2198 (50.4%) developed a complication, with 105 (2.4%) deaths. A total of 1233 patients (16.4%) were admitted to a critical care unit to treat complications, with 119 (9.7%) deaths. Despite lower baseline risk, outcomes were similar in low- and middle-income compared with high-income countries. CONCLUSIONS: Poor patient outcomes are common after inpatient surgery. Global initiatives to increase access to surgical treatments should also address the need for safe perioperative care. STUDY REGISTRATION: ISRCTN5181700