The role of short-term and longer term immigration trends on voting for populist radical right parties in Europe

The success of populist radical right parties (PRRPs) in Europe has, in part, been attributed to growing immigration, but previous findings have found an inconsistent relationship between immigration and voting for PRRPs. We address previous inconsistencies by suggesting a time-focused perspective on intergroup relations. We disentangle short-term from longer term immigration trends and argue that a recent increase in immigration should predict PRRP support. With time, however, citizens will adapt to these demographic changes and voting for PRRPs could decline. We drew on official immigration records and representative data from the European Social Survey, capturing the voting behavior of 75,874 individuals from 15 European countries between 2002 and 2014. We found that a recent increase in immigration predicted more PRRP voting, and this relationship was strengthened under conditions of higher economic strain and inequality. In contrast, sustained immigration in the longer term was not related with PRRP votes.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The opportunities and challenges of diversity: explaining its impact on individuals and groups

This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from the publisher via the DOI in this record.Demographic trends reveal that modern societies have become increasingly diverse. Within the social sciences, these changes have been reflected in concerns about the implications of social diversity. Whilst early research noted that diversity may have negative consequences for societies and individuals, more recent scholarship has indicated that diversity is not always translated into negative outcomes. These inconsistent findings initiated a scholarly debate concerning the impact of many different forms of diversity for a host of social outcomes. It is now clear that the boundary conditions of these effects are yet to be fully understood. This Special Issue offers a collection of research advances identifying mediating and moderating variables addressing when and why diversity impacts intergroup relational outcomes. By focusing on different levels of diversity (i.e., in the society and in groups), this research also sheds light on the effectiveness of ideologies and policies for managing diversity.This research was supported by a Marie Curie Intra-European Fellowship (627982) awarded to the first author, grants from The Leverhulme and the Economic & Social Research Council (ORA programme) to the second author, and a fellowship from the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research Social Interactions, Identity and Well-Being program to the fourth author

Using intercultural videos of direct contact to implement vicarious contact: A school-based intervention that improves intergroup attitudes

We aimed to create an engaging and dynamic intervention for schools that uses videos of direct school peer contact to implement a vicarious contact intervention. Participants were ethnic majority (Italian) and minority (immigrant) high-school students (N = 485, age ranging from 14 to 22 years old, mean age = 17.24 years), who were asked to watch and evaluate videos created by peers from their school for a competition for the best video on intercultural friendships. Results revealed that vicarious contact, relative to a control condition where participants were not shown any videos, improved outgroup attitudes, reduced negative outgroup stereotypes, and increased willingness to engage in contact with the outgroup. These effects only emerged when intercultural friendships in the videos were salient. Inclusion of the other in the self, but neither intergroup anxiety nor fear of rejection by the outgroup, significantly mediated the effect of the videos on outcomes. We discuss theoretical and practical implications of the findings

PETEROA-INIA: Una nueva variedad de triticale

Peteroa-INIA is a new triticale, XTriticosecale Wittmack, created by the Wheat Breeding Project at the Carillanca Research Center of the Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (INIA). The cross was conducted in 1993 and corresponded to: Tca 3050-90//Tca 28-87/Temu 351-87, where the two Tca progenitors were advanced lines of triticale, and Temu 351-87 was an advanced alternative wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). All the lines were developed at the Carillanca Research Center. The pedigree is TT-6148-t-3t-2t and its internal name in the project is Tca 3504-99. Peteroa-INIA is a variety with a facultative growth habit, with a period from sowing to heading 6 and 15 days longer than the current commercial triticale cultivars Calbuco-INIA and Tolhuaca-INIA, respectively. The mean plant height was 108 cm, 30 cm shorter than the above-mentioned commercial varieties. It has a compact, bearded and light brown spike, and its 1000 grain weight varied between 36.3 and 41.8 g. It is resistant to stripe and leaf rust. Its mean yield, based on three years of trials, was 10.37 t ha-1. The bread quality analysis indicated that it can be assimilated to a soft wheat, and the bromatological analysis of the grain showed higher protein content and better general indices than those of Calbuco-INIA, the commercial variety currently most used for animal feed in Southern Chile.Peteroa-INIA es una nueva variedad de triticale XTriticosecale Wittmack, creada por el Proyecto de Mejoramiento de Trigo del Centro Regional de Investigaci\uf3n Carillanca del Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (INIA). El cruzamiento se efectu\uf3 en 1993 y correspondi\uf3 a: Tca 3050-90//Tca 28-87/ Temu 351-87, donde los dos progenitores Tca eran l\uedneas avanzadas de triticale y Temu 351-87 una l\uednea avanzada de trigo (Triticum aestivum L.) alternativo, todas desarrolladas en Carillanca. Su pedigree fue TT-6148-t-3t-2t y su denominaci\uf3n interna Tca 3504-99. Es una variedad de h\ue1bito de desarrollo alternativo, con un per\uedodo desde siembra a espigadura de 6 y 15 d\uedas m\ue1s largo que el de las actuales variedades comerciales Calbuco-INIA y Tolhuaca-INIA, respectivamente. Su altura de planta promedio fue de 108 cm, 30 cm m\ue1s corta que la de las variedades mencionadas. Posee una espiga compacta, barbada, de color pardo claro, y su peso de 1000 granos vari\uf3 entre 36,3 y 41,8 g. Es resistente al ataque de polvillo estriado y de la hoja, y su rendimiento promedio en tres a\uf1os de ensayos y tres localidades alcanz\uf3 10,37 t ha-1. El an\ue1lisis de calidad panadera lo asimila a un trigo suave, y en an\ue1lisis bromatol\uf3gicos del grano destac\uf3 por su mayor contenido de prote\uedna y mejores \uedndices generales que los de Calbuco-INIA, la variedad m\ue1s utilizada actualmente en la zona sur de Chile para alimentaci\uf3n animal

Indirect contact predicts direct contact : longitudinal evidence and the mediating role of intergroup anxiety

While the effects of direct and indirect forms of contact on intergroup relations are well documented, little is known about their longitudinal co-development. Based on the social-psychological literature, we hypothesize that indirect contact predicts future direct contact by reducing intergroup anxiety. Across five longitudinal studies (Study 1: German adults, N = 560; Study 2: German, Dutch, and Swedish school students, N = 6,600; Study 3: Northern Irish children, N = 1,593; Study 4: Northern Irish adults, N = 404; Study 5: German adults, N = 735), we systematically examined this effect, and further tested the mediating role of intergroup anxiety in Studies 3 to 5. Cross-lagged models provided consistent evidence for the positive effect of indirect contact on future direct contact, while a reduction in intergroup anxiety mediates this effect in most models. Results highlight the importance of indirect contact, which has the potential to increase direct contact, and thus promote social cohesion in diverse contexts, over time.PostprintPeer reviewe

Does increasing immigration affect ethnic minority groups?

Immigration is increasing around the world. Academic work suggests that increasing immigration reduces social cohesion and subjective well-being, but these studies mainly focused on white majority populations. Using the 2002 to 2014 European Social Survey, we analyze data from 5,149 ethnic minority respondents living in twenty-four European countries. We examine the association between immigration and respondents’ well-being, mediated by two critical cognitive mechanisms: perceived discrimination and generalized trust. We find that in the short term, immigration is associated with greater perceived discrimination, which in turn is associated with lower trust and well-being. Over the longer term, though, immigration is associated with lower perceived discrimination from ethnic minorities, yielding greater generalized trust and perceived well-being

When the world collapses : Changed worldview and social reconstruction in a traumatized community

Background: Traumatic experience can affect the individual’s basic beliefs about the world as a predictable and safe place. One of the cornerstones in recovery from trauma is reestablishment of safety, connectedness, and the shattered schema of a worldview. Objective: This study explored the role of negatively changed worldview in the relationship between war-related traumatization and readiness for social reconstruction of intergroup relations in a post-conflict community measured by three processes: intergroup rapprochement, rebuilding trust, and need for apology. It was hypothesized that more traumatized people are less supportive of social reconstruction and that this relationship is mediated by the changed worldview. Method: The study included a community random sample of 333 adults in the city of Vukovar, Croatia, that was most devastated during the 1991–1995 war. Six instruments were administered: Stressful Events Scale, Impact of Event Scale-Revised, Changed Worldview Scale, and three scales measuring the post-conflict social reconstruction processes: Intergroup Rapprochement, Intergroup Trust and Need for Apology. Results: Mediation analyses showed that the worldview change fully mediated between traumatization and all three aspects of social reconstruction. Conclusions: In a population exposed to war traumatization the worldview change mediates post-conflict social recovery of community relations