Analyzing First-Person Stories Based on Socializing, Eating and Sedentary Patterns

First-person stories can be analyzed by means of egocentric pictures acquired throughout the whole active day with wearable cameras. This manuscript presents an egocentric dataset with more than 45,000 pictures from four people in different environments such as working or studying. All the images were manually labeled to identify three patterns of interest regarding people's lifestyle: socializing, eating and sedentary. Additionally, two different approaches are proposed to classify egocentric images into one of the 12 target categories defined to characterize these three patterns. The approaches are based on machine learning and deep learning techniques, including traditional classifiers and state-of-art convolutional neural networks. The experimental results obtained when applying these methods to the egocentric dataset demonstrated their adequacy for the problem at hand.Comment: Accepted at First International Workshop on Social Signal Processing and Beyond, 19th International Conference on Image Analysis and Processing (ICIAP), September 201

Paternal and Maternal Variables Related to Depression in Childhood

Several studies have highlighted the relationship between parenting styles and depression in children. The aim of this study is to ascertain whether there are differences in the parenting practices received by two groups of children who obtain low-risk and high-risk scores respectively in relation to depression and determine which parenting variables are linked with the presence or absence of this kind of internalizing problem. From a sample of 550 subjects, obtained by probabilistic cluster sampling, we selected 140 children between 3 and 12 years of age who met a set of specific criteria as having high risk scores (70 children) for depression according to the Behavior Assessment System for Children (BASC) or having low scores in this variable (70 children). Then, the Parent–Child Relationship Inventory (PCRI) was applied to both parents. We carried out a binomial logistic regression analysis which resulted in a prediction model for 89.3% of the sample, based on the following parenting variables: limit setting and involvement from the mothers, and parental support, autonomy, satisfaction with parenting, and communication from the fathers. Finally, the usefulness of our results to plan intervention strategies within families of children with depression is discussed

Risk Factors for Relapse in People with Severe Mental Disorders during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Multicenter Retrospective Study

Background: Evidence suggests that different variables associated with the COVID-19 pandemic may increase the risk of relapse in people with Severe Mental Disorders (SMDs). However, no studies have yet looked closely at the different risk factors involved to determine their influence on the worsening of these patients’ illnesses. Objective: To analyze which variables related to the COVID-19 pandemic have increased the risk of relapse in patients with SMDs. Method: A multicenter retrospective cohort study in which data were collected from 270 patients with mental disorders who had been under follow-up in day hospitals during the year 2020. Results: The proportion of full mental health inpatient admissions was significantly higher in those who lost their employment (40.7% vs. 18.1%; p = 0.01), in those who were not receiving psychotherapy interventions (33.9% vs. 16.6%; p = 0.006), and in those who were not receiving occupational therapy (25.7% vs. 13.6%: p = 0.013). Significant associations were detected between urgent mental health consultations, the number of COVID-19 symptoms (B = 0.274; p = 0.02), and the low-income group (1.2424 vs. 0.4583; p = 0.018). Conclusions: COVID-19 symptoms and certain consequences of the pandemic, such as loss of employment, economic hardship, and loss of interventions, have brought about clinical worsening in people with SMDs. Knowledge of these factors is important for health-related decision-making in future outbreaks or pandemics

Estudio multicéntrico español PIBHE: prevalencia e inmunización de la infección crónica por el virus de la hepatitis B en pacientes en hemodiálisis en España

ResumenIntroducciónEl estudio PIBHE, promovido por la Asociación Española de Hígado y Riñón y el Grupo de Virus en Diálisis de la Sociedad Española de Nefrología, es el primer estudio que determina la situación de los pacientes en hemodiálisis con infección crónica por el VHB y la inmunización frente a la vacuna.MétodoEstudio nacional multicéntrico, observacional, de corte transversal, entre enero de 2013 y de 2014. Se envió un cuaderno de recogida de datos a todos los servicios de nefrología y unidades extrahospitalarias de hemodiálisis de España, para que lo cumplimentaran a partir de la historia clínica del paciente, tras consentimiento informado. Los datos se incluyeron en una base central.ResultadosParticiparon 215 centros (15.645 pacientes), con una prevalencia del VHB del 1,03%. El 7,2% de los pacientes VHB(+) estaba coinfectado por el VHC o VIH. La carga viral era inferior a 2.000 UI/ml en el 80%. Los niveles de GOT y GPT fueron de 19,1±10,1 y 15,9±9,6 UI/ml, respectivamente. La biopsia hepática se había realizado en el 7,1%. El 30% había recibido tratamiento antiviral, que se había suspendido en el 12,5%. El más empleado había sido entecavir (13,3%), seguido de lamivudina (10%), adefovir y tenofovir (6,7%) e interferón (3,3%). El 34,5% era candidato a trasplante renal y el 6,9% no había sido evaluado. Se encontraban en seguimiento por un digestólogo el 64,3%. No había sido vacunado el 27,2% de los pacientes VHB(−) sin inmunización. Se emplearon 14 pautas distintas de vacunación, con un 58,8% de inmunización. La media de anti-HBs se situaba en 165,7±297,8mUI/ml. El 72,7% de los pacientes había recibido un ciclo de vacunación; el 26,4%, 2 ciclos; el 1,0%, 3 ciclos y el 11,6%, una dosis de recuerdo. El 28,3% tuvo una respuesta pobre (anti-HBs 10-99mUI/ml); el 22,4%, una respuesta óptima (anti-HBs 100-999mUI/ml); y el 7,9%, una respuesta excelente (anti-HBs≥1.000mUI/ml). La edad se asoció significativamente con la respuesta a la vacunación, de manera que los pacientes que no respondieron tenían una edad media significativamente mayor que los pacientes que obtuvieron cualquier tipo de respuesta (p<0,05). La mayor probabilidad de conseguir una respuesta inmunitaria se alcanzaba con 4 dosis de 40mcg de vacuna adyuvada (OR: 7,3; IC 95%: 3,4-15,7), a igualdad de edad y número de revacunaciones y recuerdos. La edad, la vacuna adyuvada, la dosis y el esquema de vacunación influían en la respuesta inmunitaria y en el título de anti-HBs alcanzado (p<0,05).ConclusiónLa prevalencia de la infección crónica por el VHB en hemodiálisis en España es baja, así como las tasas de inmunización frente a este virus. Los esquemas de vacunación empleados son muy diversos y se han correlacionado con la respuesta inmunitaria, por lo que sería necesario protocolizar la pauta más eficaz para aumentar la inmunización en estos pacientes.AbstractIntroductionThe PIBHE study, promoted by the Spanish Liver and Kidney Association and the Dialysis Virus Group of the Spanish Society of Nephrology, is the first study to determine the status of haemodialysis patients with chronic HBV infection and the immunisation against the vaccine.MethodThe study has a national multicentre, observational, cross-sectional design and was carried out between January 2013 and 2014. A data collection folder was sent to all the nephrology departments and outpatient haemodialysis units in Spain, to be completed based on patient medical files after informed consent. The data were recorded in a central database.ResultsA total of 215 centres participated (15,645 patients), with an HBV prevalence of 1.03%. HCV or HIV was present in 7.2% of the HBV(+) patients. Viral load was below 2,000 IU/ml in 80%. GOT and GPT levels were 19.1±10.1 and 15.9±9.6 IU/ml, respectively. Liver biopsy was performed in 7.1%. Antiviral treatment was prescribed in 30% and suspended in 12.5%: entecavir (13.3%), lamivudine (10%), adefovir and tenofovir (6.7%), and interferon (3.3%). A total of 34.5% were candidates for renal transplantation and 6.9% had not been evaluated; 64.3% were followed up by a gastroenterologist; 27.2% of HBV(−) patients without immunisation had not been vaccinated. Fourteen different immunisation schedules had been used, with an immunisation rate of 58.8%. Mean anti-HBs stood at 165.7±297.8mIU/ml. A total of 72.7% of patients had received a vaccination course; 26.4%, 2 cycles; 1.0%, 3 cycles; and 11.6%, a booster dose. A total of 28.3% had a poor response (anti-HBs 10-99mIU/ml); 22.4%, an optimal response (anti-HBs 100-999mIU/ml); and 7.9%, an excellent response (anti-HBs ≥ 1,000mIU/ml). Age was significantly associated with response to vaccination; the mean age of nonresponders was significantly higher than patients who had a response of any kind (P<.05). The highest probability of an immune response was achieved with 4 doses of 40 mcg of adjuvanted vaccine (OR: 7.3; 95% CI 3.4 to 15.7), for the same age and number of cycles and boosters. Age, adjuvanted vaccine, dose and vaccination schedule influenced the immune response and the anti-HBs titres reached (P<.05).ConclusionThe prevalence of chronic HBV infection in haemodialysis in Spain is low and so are the rates of immunisation against the virus. The vaccination schedules used are very diverse and have been observed to correlate with the immune response. It would therefore be necessary to establish a protocol for the most effective vaccination schedule to increase immunisation in these patients

Severe infections and infection-related mortality in a large series of haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation with post-transplant cyclophosphamide

Severe infections and their attributable mortality are major complications in recipients of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT). We herein report 236 adult patients who received haploSCT with PTCy. The median follow-up for survivors was 37 months. The overall incidence of bloodstream infections by gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria at 37 months was 51% and 46%, respectively. The incidence of cytomegalovirus infection was 69%, while Epstein Barr virus infections occurred in 10% of patients and hemorrhagic cystitis in 35% of cases. Invasive fungal infections occurred in 11% at 17 months. The 3-year incidence of infection-related mortality was 19%. The median interval from transplant to IRM was 3 months (range 1-30), 53% of IRM occurred >100 days post-haploSCT. Risk factors for IRM included age >50 years, lymphoid malignancy, and developing grade III-IV acute GvHD. Bacterial infections were the most common causes of IRM (51%), mainly due to gram-negative bacilli BSI. In conclusion, severe infections are the most common causes of NRM after haploSCT with PTCy, with a reemergence of gram-negative bacilli as the most lethal pathogens. More studies focusing on the severe infections after haploSCT with PTCy and differences with other types of alloSCT in adults are clearly warranted

Tumour heterogeneity in glioblastoma assessed by MRI texture analysis: a potential marker of survival

Objective: The main objective of this retrospective work was the study of three-dimensional (3D) heterogeneity measures of post-contrast pre-operative MR images acquired with T1 weighted sequences of patients with glioblastoma (GBM) as predictors of clinical outcome. Methods: 79 patients from 3 hospitals were included in the study. 16 3D textural heterogeneity measures were computed including run-length matrix (RLM) features (regional heterogeneity) and co-occurrence matrix (CM) features (local heterogeneity). The significance of the results was studied using Kaplan?Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards analysis. Correlation between the variables of the study was assessed using the Spearman?s correlation coefficient. Results: Kaplan?Meyer survival analysis showed that 4 of the 11 RLM features and 4 of the 5 CM features considered were robust predictors of survival. The median survival differences in the most significant cases were of over 6 months. Conclusion: Heterogeneity measures computed on the post-contrast pre-operative T1 weighted MR images of patients with GBM are predictors of survival. Advances in knowledge: Texture analysis to assess tumour heterogeneity has been widely studied. However, most works develop a two-dimensional analysis, focusing only on one MRI slice to state tumour heterogeneity. The study of fully 3D heterogeneity textural features as predictors of clinical outcome is more robust and is not dependent on the selected slice of the tumour

Captación de alumnos

Memoria ID-0176. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2015-2016

Diseño de una guía de TFG basada en mapas visuales: Grados de Maestro

Memoria ID-0178. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2015-2016

Towards objective description of eating, socializing and sedentary lifestyle patterns in egocentric images

The objective description of lifestyle patterns from egocentric images captured by wearable cameras is considered the next step on health-tracking applications which goes alongside heartbeats, steps walked, or burned calories measured mainly by electronic wristbands. In this context, the classification of eating, socializing, and sedentary lifestyle patterns has been addressed in previous research, considering the following classes for each pattern, respectively: 1) no food, food but not eating, and eating; 2) not socializing, and socializing; and 3) not sedentary, and sedentary. This previous approach provides a solution that considers all the possible combinations of classes among these three patterns, thus solving a multi-class classification problem with 12 classes. Given the nature of the problem, we propose to address the classification of these three lifestyle patterns under a multi-task perspective, employing a general framework based on Inception-V3 convolutional neural network. The feature maps extracted from the employed network are used to perform a final lifestyle pattern categorization. It is worth to note that our proposed framework offers visual explanations of the results to accomplish the standards of the European Union in terms of explainability, thus increasing both transparency and confidence on the obtained results. Furthermore, in this work a web-based lifelogging tool for periodic visual summarization of lifestyle patterns is introduced. Our method has been tested on a dataset composed of more than 45,000 egocentric images, and the experimental results confirm the reliability of the selected method while outperforming state-of-the-art in terms of accuracy and F1-score.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Pch2 localization during the meiotic checkpoint response: is there life outside the nucleus?

Trabajo presentado al EMBO Workshop on Meiosis, celebrado del 25 al 29 de agosto de 2019 en La Rochelle, France.Peer reviewe