Generación de la huella ecológica en el personal de los 3 sectores de la población de la UAO/UAZ, Zacatecas, México

Es importante reconocer que lo que se  realiza a diario en el  área de trabajo, tiene una relación muy estrecha con la huella ecológica. Un problema grave es el desperdicio de agua y energía eléctrica, cuando a veces no es necesario en el trabajo, ya que son esencial para poder desempeñar las actividades, por eso se necesita tomar conciencia de esto y usar los servicios de luz y agua solo cuando se requiera. El objetivo de este trabajo es determinar la huella ecológica del personal de los tres sectores de la población de la Unidad Académica de Odontología UAZ.  La presente investigación consistió en: Aplicación de encuestas personales al sector alumnos, docentes y trabajadores. Resultados: Respecto al transporte público se determinó que el sector trabajador y alumnos son los que más lo utilizan. En la alimentación un 55% del sector alumnos consume alimentos en su hogar, el 50% del sector docente lo hace en la cafetería escolar y el 48% del sector trabajador en casa. Referente a si se encuentra prendida la luz al inicio de las actividades, los tres sectores mencionan que sí en un gran porcentaje; así mismo un uso inadecuado  del agua.  Se sugiere dentro de lo posible, usar el transporte público y usar el vehículo lo indispensable o colectivamente. Se propone optimizar el uso de equipo y aparatos que requieran consumo de energía, se recomienda utilizar lámparas ahorradoras de energía tipo LED. Siendo indispensable adquirir los conocimientos adecuados sobre la gestión de los RPBI de acuerdo con la NOM-O87ECOL-SSA1-2002. El riego de los  jardines por las mañanas y tardes. De la misma forma el agua utilizada en lavabos y depósitos de baños, se sustituya por agua reciclada por medio de sistemas de ahorro. Palabras clave: Generación, huella-ecológica, población, UAO/UAZ.It is important to recognize that what we daily do in our jobs, has a very tight relationship with the ecological footprint. A serious problem is that we are wasting water and electricity, when sometimes it’s not necessary in our working areas, both elements water and electricity are essential to do our daily duties, that is why we need to create awareness and use these utilities only when are required. The objective of this study is to assess the ecological footprint from the three sectors of population from the academic unit of Dentistry UAZ. This research consisted in: Personal surveys applied to the sector of students, professors and staff. Results: in regards to the use of public transportation, it was concluded that staff and students are those who use it the most. With regards to nutrition, 55% of the students eat at home, 50% of the professors do it at the coffee shop of the university and 48% of the staff eats at home. With reference to whether if the lights are turned on at the moment of starting the academic activities, the three sectors agreed with it in a high proportion; also, the three sectors state that doesn’t exists an efficient use of water. It is suggested if possible, to use the public transport and the car only if necessary or travel in groups instead. It is proposed to use only if is absolutely necessary, all the equipment and devices that require a lot of electric energy consumption and it is recommended to use LED type energy efficient lamps. It is also suggested to acquire the proper knowledge about the RPBI (biological/infectious hazardous waste), in accordance with the NOM-O87ECOL-SSA1-2002. It is advisable to water gardens only in the morning, from 7 a.m. to 9 a.m., or in the afternoon, from 6 p.m. to 8 p.m. Similarly for the water used in the sink and the toilet deposit, it is proposed to use recycled water with saving systems instead. Key Words: Generation, ecological-footprint, population, UAO/UAZ. &nbsp

Asociación entre empatía, ansiedad y bienestar psicológico en estudiantes mexicanos de medicina. Estudio transversal

Antecedentes: La expresión de empatía mejora la calidad de la atención a la salud, y por ello se sugiere su instrucción durante los años de formación académica de estudiantes de medicina. No obstante, la expresión de empatía también puede ocasionar ansiedad y perjudicar el bienestar psicológico. Objetivo: Identificar perfiles que describan la relación entre empatía, ansiedad y bienestar psicológico en estudiantes mexicanos de medicina. Método: Estudio transversal en estudiantes mexicanos de medicina que completaron la Escala Multidimensional de Empatía, el Inventario de Ansiedad de Beck y la Escala de Bienestar Psicológico para Adultos. Resultados: Las mujeres presentaron mayor empatía y ansiedad, y menor bienestar psicológico (p < 0.01). La ansiedad en estudiantes del último año de formación fue menor que en los estudiantes de primer y segundo año (p < 0.01). Se detectaron cuatro perfiles: 1) hombres, ansiedad mínima, empatía baja; 2) estudiantes de primer año de formación, ansiedad moderada a grave, bienestar psicológico bajo, empatía alta; 3) último año de formación, ansiedad leve, bienestar psicológico adecuado, empatía media; 4) mujeres, segundo y tercer años de formación, muy alta empatía. Conclusiones: Los estudiantes de medicina del primer año de formación constituyen una población de riesgo. Son necesarias estrategias de atención para este grupo estudiantil

Anti-inflammatory profile of paricalcitol in kidney transplant recipients

Background and objectives: Paricalcitol, a selective vitamin D receptor activator, is used to treat secondary hyperparathyroidism in kidney transplant patients. Experimental and clinical studies in non-transplant kidney disease patients have found this molecule to have anti-inflammatory properties. In this exploratory study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory profile of paricalcitol in kidney-transplant recipients. Methods: Thirty one kidney transplant recipients with secondary hyperparathyroidism completed 3 months of treatment with oral paricalcitol (1 μg/day). Serum concentrations and gene expression levels of inflammatory cytokines in peripheral blood mononuclear cells were analysed at the beginning and end of the study. Results: Paricalcitol significantly decreased parathyroid hormone levels with no changes in calcium and phosphorous. It also reduced serum concentrations of interleukin (IL)-6 and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) by 29% (p < 0.05) and 9.5% (p < 0.05) compared to baseline, respectively. Furthermore, gene expression levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in peripheral blood mononuclear cells decreased by 14.1% (p < 0.001) and 34.1% (p < 0.001), respectively. The ratios between pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6) and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10), both regarding serum concentrations and gene expression, also experienced a significant reduction. Conclusions: Paricalcitol administration to kidney transplant recipients has been found to have beneficial effects on inflammation, which may be associated with potential clinical benefits. Resumen: Antecedentes y objetivos: El paricalcitol, un activador selectivo del receptor de la vitamina D, se utiliza en el tratamiento del hiperparatiroidismo secundario en el receptor de trasplante renal. Estudios tanto clínicos como experimentales realizados en pacientes renales no trasplantados muestran propiedades antiinflamatorias para esta molécula. En este estudio exploratorio, hemos evaluado el perfil antiinflamatorio del paricalcitol en receptores de trasplante renal. Métodos: Treinta y un pacientes trasplantados con hiperparatiroidismo secundario completaron 3 meses de terapia con paricalcitol oral (1 μg/día). Se determinaron las concentraciones séricas y los niveles de expresión génica de citocinas inflamatorias en células mononucleares de sangre periférica al inicio y al final del estudio. Resultados: El paricalcitol provocó una disminución significativa en los niveles de hormona paratiroidea, sin cambios en los de calcio y fósforo. Además, indujo una reducción en las concentraciones séricas de la interleucina (IL)-6 y del factor de necrosis tumoral alfa (TNF-α), con reducciones porcentuales respecto al estado basal de un 29% (p < 0,05) y de un 9,5% (p < 0,05), respectivamente. Los niveles de expresión génica de la IL-6 y del TNF-α en células mononucleares de sangre periférica experimentaron un descenso de un 14,1% (p < 0,001) y de un 34,1% (p < 0,001), respectivamente. La proporción entre las citocinas proinflamatorias (TNF-α e IL-6) y la antiinflamatoria IL-10, tanto para los niveles séricos como para los de expresión génica, también disminuyó significativamente. Conclusiones: La administración del paricalcitol a receptores de trasplante renal se asocia con efectos beneficiosos sobre su estado inflamatorio, lo que podría asociarse a un potencial beneficio clínico. Keywords: Kidney transplantation, Paricalcitol, Inflammatory cytokines, Palabras clave: Trasplante renal, Paricalcitol, Citocinas inflamatoria

Change in network connectivity during fictive-gasping generation in hypoxia: prevention by a metabolic intermediate

The neuronal circuit in charge of generating the respiratory rhythms, localized in the pre-Bötzinger complex (preBötC), is configured to produce fictive-eupnea during normoxia and reconfigures to produce fictive-gasping during hypoxic conditions in vitro. The mechanisms involved in such reconfiguration have been extensively investigated by cell-focused studies, but the actual changes at the network level remain elusive. Since a failure to generate gasping has been linked to Sudden Infant Death Syndrome, the study of gasping generation and pharmacological approaches to promote it may have clinical relevance. Here, we study the changes in network dynamics and circuit reconfiguration that occur during the transition to fictive-gasping generation in the brainstem slice preparation by recording the preBötC with multi-electrode arrays and assessing correlated firing among respiratory neurons or clusters of respiratory neurons (multiunits). We studied whether the respiratory network reconfiguration in hypoxia involves changes in either the number of active respiratory elements, the number of functional connections among elements, or the strength of these connections. Moreover, we tested the influence of isocitrate, a Krebs cycle intermediate that has recently been shown to promote breathing, on the configuration of the preBötC circuit during normoxia and on its reconfiguration during hypoxia. We found that, in contrast to previous suggestions based on cell-focused studies, the number and the overall activity of respiratory neurons change only slightly during hypoxia. However, hypoxia induces a reduction in the strength of functional connectivity within the circuit without reducing the number of connections. Isocitrate prevented this reduction during hypoxia while increasing the strength of network connectivity. In conclusion, we provide an overview of the configuration of the respiratory network under control conditions and how it is reconfigured during fictive-gasping

Erratum to: IROA: International Register of Open Abdomen, preliminary results. [World J Emerg Surg. 12, (2017), (10)] DOI: 10.1186/s13017-017-0123-8

The original article [1] mistakenly incorporated a sentence within the Abstract that stated: "Mean BMI: 36 +/- 5.6" This statement was incorrect and has now been removed from the original article

SDSS-III: MASSIVE SPECTROSCOPIC SURVEYS OF THE DISTANT UNIVERSE, THE MILKY WAY, AND EXTRA-SOLAR PLANETARY SYSTEMS

Building on the legacy of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-I and II), SDSS-III is a program of four spectroscopic surveys on three scientific themes: dark energy and cosmological parameters, the history and structure of the Milky Way, and the population of giant planets around other stars. In keeping with SDSS tradition, SDSS-III will provide regular public releases of all its data, beginning with SDSS Data Release 8 (DR8), which was made public in 2011 January and includes SDSS-I and SDSS-II images and spectra reprocessed with the latest pipelines and calibrations produced for the SDSS-III investigations. This paper presents an overview of the four surveys that comprise SDSS-III. The Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey will measure redshifts of 1.5 million massive galaxies and Lyα forest spectra of 150,000 quasars, using the baryon acoustic oscillation feature of large-scale structure to obtain percent-level determinations of the distance scale and Hubble expansion rate at z < 0.7 and at z ≈ 2.5. SEGUE-2, an already completed SDSS-III survey that is the continuation of the SDSS-II Sloan Extension for Galactic Understanding and Exploration (SEGUE), measured medium-resolution (R = λ/Δλ ≈ 1800) optical spectra of 118,000 stars in a variety of target categories, probing chemical evolution, stellar kinematics and substructure, and the mass profile of the dark matter halo from the solar neighborhood to distances of 100 kpc. APOGEE, the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment, will obtain high-resolution (R ≈ 30,000), high signal-to-noise ratio (S/N >= 100 per resolution element), H-band (1.51 μm < λ < 1.70 μm) spectra of 105 evolved, late-type stars, measuring separate abundances for ~15 elements per star and creating the first high-precision spectroscopic survey of all Galactic stellar populations (bulge, bar, disks, halo) with a uniform set of stellar tracers and spectral diagnostics. The Multi-object APO Radial Velocity Exoplanet Large-area Survey (MARVELS) will monitor radial velocities of more than 8000 FGK stars with the sensitivity and cadence (10-40 m s-1, ~24 visits per star) needed to detect giant planets with periods up to two years, providing an unprecedented data set for understanding the formation and dynamical evolution of giant planet systems. As of 2011 January, SDSS-III has obtained spectra of more than 240,000 galaxies, 29,000 z >= 2.2 quasars, and 140,000 stars, including 74,000 velocity measurements of 2580 stars for MARVELS