Etoile errante de J.M.G. Le Clézio: une écriture spéculaire sur fond de guerre

En el marco de acontecimientos históricos de la segunda guerra mundial y el genocidio judío, Le Clézio construye una novela, Étoile errante, cuya estructura narrativa concebida como un espejo se conjuga con una temática, igualmente especular, que pone frente a frente y hace evolucionar a personajes y situaciones en un ambiente de huída interminable. Estructura narrativa y temática puestas de relieve a partir de un verdadero ejercicio de arquitectura verbal por parte de Le Clézio, que hace de Étoile errante una novela de múltiples facetas, que propicia varios niveles de lectura y reflexión. Nuestro análisis se presenta, pues, como una lectura más, centrada en el estudio de una escritura que construye todo un entramado de imágenes evocadoras, de redes isotópicas para describir la realidad de la guerra y del éxodo, la búsqueda de la paz individual y colectiva. La crueldad de la guerra se ve suavizada mediante la utilización de un lenguaje sensorial cargado de matices poéticos, que hace eco a la palabra humana y la sobrepasa, estableciendo de este modo una dualidad comunicativa, especular, que se manifiesta igualmente en otros niveles de la escritura de Le Clézio tales como la estructura o el marco espacio-temporal.Le Clézio’s novel Étoile errante is set within the framework of historical events surrounding World War II and the Holocaust. The narrative structure of the novel is conceived of as a mirror, and its subject matter, likewise specular, places its characters and situations face to face, causing them to evolve within an atmosphere of endless flight. Le Clézio highlights both the structure and the subject matter by a masterly exercise in verbal architecture, thus making Ëtoile errante a multi-faceted novel, which can be read and interpreted on several different levels. The analysis offered in this paper offers one possible reading, centred on the study of a text which forms a mesh of evocative images, an isotopic network, in order to describe the reality of the War and the Exodus, the search for both individual and collective peace. The cruelty of war is tempered through the use of sensory language charged with poetic nuances, which both echoes and exceeds the human word, thus establishing a specular, communicative duality, which is also evident on other levels of Le Clézio’s writing such as the narrative structure or the spatio-temporal framewor

Nutritional screening as part of nursing care

Trabajo fin de grado en EnfermeríaContexto: La desnutrición relacionada con la enfermedad es un problema tan frecuente como ignorado. Las causas que la provocan son múltiples y variadas, aunque cobra especial relevancia el papel de las enfermeros/as que trabajan en Atención Especializada. Esta situación ha llevado a la elaboración de Planes Estratégicos que aboguen por el cribado obligatorio tanto al ingreso como al alta del paciente. Objetivo: Determinar los motivos por los que dichos profesionales muestran poca sensibilización con el estado nutricional de los pacientes. Resultados: Son varias las barreas percibidas por las enfermeros/as que dificultan la realización del cribado y evaluación nutricional. La falta de conocimientos y de entrenamiento en la utilización de las herramientas de cribado influye de forma significativa en su realización. Además, prefieren el empleo de otros métodos y del juicio personal para realizar esta actividad, que junto con la importancia que le otorgan, determina la priorización del cribado y evaluación nutricional o de otras actividades. Uno de los factores que influye es la falta de tiempo. Conclusión: Ante la escasez de bibliografía, se hace necesario realizar estudios de investigación que permitan visibilizar los factores que dificultan la puesta en marcha de las herramientas de cribado y la evaluación nutricional de los pacientes hospitalizados.Context: Disease related-malnutrition is a problem as frequent as ignored. Causes are multiple and varied, although the nurses’ role working in Specialized Care is particularly relevant. This situation has led to the development of Strategic Plans that advocate for mandatory nutrition screening both at admission and discharge of the patient. Objective: Determine the reasons why these professionals show little awareness to the nutritional status of patients. Results: There are several barriers perceived by nurses that make it difficult to carry out nutritional screening and nutrition assessment. The lack of knowledge and training in the use of screening tools influences significantly their implementation. In addition, they prefer the use of other methods and the personal judgment to carry out this activity. Along with the importance they attach to it, determines the prioritization of screening and nutritional assessment or other activities. One of the factors that influences in it is the lack of time. Conclusion: Due to the scarcity of bibliography, it is necessary to carry out research studies that make it possible to visualize the factors that hinder the implementation of screening tools and the nutrition assessment of hospitalized patients

How to distinguish between a block cipher and a random permutation by lowering the input entropy

IEEE 35th International Carnahan Conference on Security Technology. Londres, 16-19 October 2001A novel cryptanalysis technique is presented, and its suitability for distinguishing a block cipher algorithm or a hash function from a random permutation is explained. Additionally, we propose a genetic algorithm based implementation and show some preliminary results of these ideas on reduced rounds versions of the block cipher TEA

Implementing songs as an incidental vocabulary acquisition strategy: an aim to improve learners’ lexical competences.

No aplicaEl desempeño de los estudiantes en la prueba estandarizada nacional ha sido de gran importancia para los docentes y las escuelas debido a las posiciones de clasificación en las que se ubican las escuelas cada año. Los resultados de esa prueba se han convertido en un importante instrumento de medición de competencias y las buenas calificaciones en un vehículo para ingresar a la educación superior. Por ello, el objetivo es preparar a los alumnos para que salgan bien en el examen mediante un buen entrenamiento en comprensión lectora y ejercicios de vocabulario. El presente estudio se basó en el enfoque de investigación-acción que tuvo como objetivo investigar y explicar cómo la Estrategia de Adquisición de Vocabulario Incidental (IVAS) ayuda a un grupo específico de estudiantes de grado 11 de la institución educativa Simón Bolívar en el aprendizaje de vocabulario a través de canciones con la intención de mejorar su desempeño al asociar descripciones y vocabulario, en la sección dos de la prueba English Saber 11. En la búsqueda de la recolección de datos relevantes, se implementó para ello un cuestionario exploratorio, las notas de campo de los docentes, una prueba diagnóstica de comprensión lectora, un pretest y un posttest. La estrategia (IVAS) causó un impacto positivo en la comunidad educativa y dio buenos resultados en relación al nivel de vocabulario y por ende el grado de comprensión al asociarlo con conceptos en estudiantes de grado 11 del colegio Simón Bolívar. Los resultados mostraron que la música puede ser una herramienta que incide exitosamente en la adquisición de palabras y conceptos, crea un ambiente propicio para el aprendizaje y beneficia el desempeño de los estudiantes en la prueba saber 11, especialmente en la parte 2 (asociación de palabras con descripciones).Students’ performance in the national standardized test has been of great importance for teachers and schools because of the ranking positions in which schools are placed every year. Results in that test have become an important competencies measurement instrument and good scores a vehicle for entry to higher education. Due to this, the goal is to prepare students to do well on the test through good training in reading comprehension and vocabulary exercises. The present study founded on the action research approach aimed at investigating and explaining how the Incidental Vocabulary Acquisition Strategy (IVAS) assists a specific group of 11th graders at Simon Bolivar School in the learning of vocabulary through songs with the intention to improve their performance when associating descriptions and vocabulary in section two of the English Saber 11 test. In the pursuit of collecting relevant data, an exploratory questionnaire survey, the teachers’ field notes, a diagnostic reading comprehension test, a pre-test and a pos-test were implemented to that end. The IVAS caused a positive impact on the educational community and gave good results in relation to the level of vocabulary and therefore the degree of understanding by associating it with concepts of 11th grade students of the Simon Bolivar school. Outcomes showed that music can be a tool that successfully affects the acquisition of words and concepts, creates an atmosphere conducive to learning and benefits the performance of students in the test saber 11, especially in part 2 (associating words with descriptions)

Molecular fingerprinting of Campylobacter and Arcobacter isolated from chicken and water

The potential of a fingerprinting method based on the single-enzyme amplified fragment length polymorphism (s-AFLP) technique was evaluated for its efficacy in detecting foodborne Campylobacter and Arcobacter species. Campylobacter and Arcobacter isolates from chicken and water samples were subjected to s-AFLP and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) profiling. Molecular typing revealed a high degree of heterogeneity. AFLP was found to be appropriate for differentiating minimal genomic variations, which makes this technique a valuable tool for the identification of isolates. PFGE was effective in showing epidemiological relationships among closely related isolates. Either technique allowed the discrimination of A. butzleri from A. cryaerophilus and A. skirrowii. When used together, s-AFLP and PFGE can be applied to determine taxonomic and epidemiological relationships among campylobacteria. [Int Microbiol 2007; 10(2):85-90

Climate uniformity: its influence on team communication quality, task conflict, and team performance

We investigated whether climate uniformity (the pattern of climate perceptions of organizational support within the team) is related to task conflict, team communication quality, and team performance. We used a sample composed of 141 bank branches and collected data at three time points. The results obtained showed that, after controlling for aggregate team climate, climate strength and their interaction, a type of non-uniform climate pattern (weak dissimilarity) was directly related to task conflict and team communication quality. Teams with weak dissimilarity non-uniform patterns tended to show higher levels of task conflict and lower levels of team communication quality than teams with uniform climate patterns. The relationship between weak dissimilarity patterns and team performance was fully mediated by team communication quality