103 research outputs found
Evaluation of the Sustainability of an Intervention to Increase HIV Testing
BACKGROUND
Sustainability—the routinization and institutionalization of processes that improve the quality of healthcare—is difficult to achieve and not often studied.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the sustainability of increased rates of HIV testing after implementation of a multi-component intervention in two Veterans Health Administration healthcare systems.
DESIGN
Quasi-experimental implementation study in which the effect of transferring responsibility to conduct the provider education component of the intervention from research to operational staff was assessed.
PATIENTS
Persons receiving healthcare between 2005 and 2006 (intervention year) and 2006 and 2007 (sustainability year).
MEASUREMENTS
Monthly HIV testing rate, stratified by frequency of clinic visits
RESULTS
The monthly adjusted testing rate increased from 2% at baseline to 6% at the end intervention year and then declined reaching 4% at the end of the sustainability year. However, the stratified, visit-specific testing rate for persons newly exposed to the intervention (i.e., having their first through third visits during the study period) increased throughout the intervention and sustainability years. Increases in the proportion of visits by patients who remained untested despite multiple, prior exposures to the intervention accounted for the aggregate attenuation of testing during the sustainability year. Overall, the percentage of patients who received an HIV test in the sustainability year was 11.6%, in the intervention year 11.1%, and in the pre-intervention year 5.0%
CONCLUSIONS
Provider education combined with informatics and organizational support had a sustainable effect on HIV testing rates. The effect was most pronounced during patients' early contacts with the healthcare system.Health Services Research & Development Service (SDP 06–001
Learning a statistical model of product aspects for sentiment analysis
En este art culo se introduce una nueva metodolog a para modelar ca-
racter sticas de productos a partir de una colecci on de opiniones de usuarios. La
metodolog a propuesta se basa en modelos estad sticos de lenguajes y es aplicable
a productos de dominio arbitrario. La metodolog a combina un kernel de palabras
de opini on con un modelo de traducci on de palabras para estimar el modelo de
caracter sticas. Se presenta adem as un m etodo para modelar las opiniones vertidas
sobre las caracter sticas. Los experimentos realizados sobre diferentes colecciones de
opiniones muestran resultados alentadores en el modelado tanto de caracter sticas
como de opiniones vertidas sobre estasIn this paper, we introduce a new methodology for modeling product
aspects from a collection of free-text customer reviews. The proposal relies on a lan-
guage modeling framework and is domain independent. It combines both a kernel-
based model of opinion words and a stochastic translation model between words
to approach the aspect model of products. We also present a ranking-based met-
hodology to model the sentiments expressed about the aspects. The experiments
carried out over several collections of customer reviews show encouraging results in
the modeling of product aspects and their sentiments even from individual customer
review
Aprendizaje de un modelo de caracterĂsticas de productos para el análisis de opiniones
En este artĂculo se introduce una nueva metodologĂa para modelar caracterĂsticas de productos a partir de una colecciĂłn de opiniones de usuarios. La metodologĂa propuesta se basa en modelos estadĂsticos de lenguajes y es aplicable a productos de dominio arbitrario. La metodologĂa combina un kernel de palabras de opiniĂłn con un modelo de traducciĂłn de palabras para estimar el modelo de caracterĂsticas. Se presenta además un mĂ©todo para modelar las opiniones vertidas sobre las caracterĂsticas. Los experimentos realizados sobre diferentes colecciones de opiniones muestran resultados alentadores en el modelado tanto de caracterĂsticas como de opiniones vertidas sobre Ă©stas.In this paper, we introduce a new methodology for modeling product aspects from a collection of free-text customer reviews. The proposal relies on a language modeling framework and is domain independent. It combines both a kernel-based model of opinion words and a stochastic translation model between words to approach the aspect model of products. We also present a ranking-based methodology to model the sentiments expressed about the aspects. The experiments carried out over several collections of customer reviews show encouraging results in the modeling of product aspects and their sentiments even from individual customer reviews.This work has been partially funded by the “Ministerio de EconomĂa y Competitividad” with contract number TIN2011-24147 and by the FundaciĂł Caixa CastellĂł project P1-1B2010-49. Lisette GarcĂa-Moya has been supported by the PhD Fellowship Program of the Universitat Jaume I (PREDOC/2009/12)
Programa didáctico para fomentar la vivencia eucarĂstica de los estudiantes de la I. E. Toribio Casanova de la Provincia de Cutervo, 2021
La EucaristĂa es el centro y culmen de la vida cristiana, en este Sacramento la persona es capaz de unirse con Jesucristo; ante ello es urgente fortalecer la vivencia del sacramento en el cristiano en acciones concretas como son la Misa y la fiesta del Corpus Christi. Por consiguiente, la presente investigaciĂłn de enfoque cuantitativo y paradigma positivista, a nivel descriptivo, en la investigaciĂłn se tuvo como objetivo: “Elaborar una propuesta didáctica, para fortalecer la vivencia EucarĂstica de los estudiantes de la I.E. Toribio Casanova de la Provincia de Cutervo, 2021”, y como objetivos especĂficos Diagnosticar la
vivencia de las acciones en relaciĂłn a la vida EucarĂstica y Establecer acciones didácticas que ayude a fomentar la vivencia EucarĂstica de los estudiantes; para ello se realizĂł, validĂł y aplicĂł una encuesta a 250 estudiantes, la cual media la vivencia del sacramento. DespuĂ©s de aplicarse el test se recogiĂł y analizĂł los resultados de manera estadĂstica, lo cual evidenciĂł la falta de vivencia del Sacramento en acciones de preparaciĂłn, oraciĂłn, adoraciĂłn, agradecimiento, entre otros; siendo este resultado un porcentaje alto de estudiantes entre el 40% en algunas cuestiones y en otras con una tendencia más alta, todo ello resulta ser preocupante porque son adolescentes que están afianzando su dimensiĂłn espiritual.
Finalmente se desarrollaron acciones pedagĂłgicas para mejorar la vivencia de los estudiantes en relaciĂłn a la eucaristĂa
Propuesta de estrategias de seguridad y salud ocupacional para disminuir la contaminación por monóxido de carbono (CO), dióxido de nitrógeno (NO2) y por ruido en SUPERVAN – Lima
El estudio propone estrategias de seguridad y salud ocupacional elaborando la jerarquĂa de controles en la empresa SUPERVAN S.A.C., ubicada en Lima, Callao a fin de mitigar a contaminaciĂłn por monĂłxido de carbono, diĂłxido de nitrĂłgeno y ruido los cuales pueden causar daño al bienestar fĂsico y mental de los colaboradores de la empresa en el desarrollo de sus actividades. La metodologĂa usada es Aplicada, cuantitativo y cualitativo; la evaluaciĂłn de agentes peligrosos se realizĂł mediante equipos de monitoreo ambiental debidamente certificados por la INACAL, asĂ mismo se utilizĂł encuestas a 46 colaboradores representando el 100%de la poblaciĂłn, dando como resultados altos Ăndices de contaminaciĂłn dentro de la empresa que exceden los lĂmites máximos permitidos segĂşn la normativa vigente peruana tales como: “Decreto Supremo N°003-2017-MINAM-ECA AIRE, Decreto Supremo N° 085-2003-PCM RUIDO”. Estos resultados demuestran que a mediano y largo plazo causan daños irreparables al sistema auditivo y sistema respiratorio de los colaboradores que se ven expuestos a estos contaminantes ambientales en las horas laborales.The study proposes occupational health and safety strategies, elaborating the hierarchy of controls in the company SUPERVAN SAC, located in Lima, Callao, in order to mitigate pollution by carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide and noise, which can cause damage to physical well-being and mental health of the company's collaborators in the development of their activities.The methodology used is Applied, quantitative and qualitative; The evaluation of dangerous agents was carried out by means of environmental monitoring teams duly certified by INACAL, likewise surveys of 46 employees representing 100% of thepopulation were used, resulting in high levels of contamination within the company that exceed the maximum limits allowed according to current Peruvian regulations such as: “Supreme Decree No. 003-2017-MINAM-ECA AIRE, Supreme Decree No. 085-2003-PCM NOISE”. These results show that in the medium and long term they cause irreparable damage to the auditory and respiratory systems of employees who are exposed to these environmental pollutants during working hours.Campus Chiclay
Electron injection and scaffold effects in perovskite solar cells
In spite of the impressive efficiencies reported for perovskite solar cells (PSCs), key aspects of their working principles, such as electron injection at the contacts or the suitability of the utilization of a specific scaffold layer, are not yet fully understood. Increasingly complex scaffolds attained by the sequential deposition of TiO2 and SiO2 mesoporous layers onto transparent conducting substrates are used to perform a systematic characterization of both the injection process at the electron selective contact and the scaffold effect in PSCs. By forcing multiple electron injection processes at a controlled sequence of perovskite–TiO2 interfaces before extraction, interfacial injection effects are magnified and hence characterized in detail. An anomalous injection behavior is observed, the fingerprint of which is the presence of significant inductive loops in the impedance spectra with a magnitude that correlates with the number of interfaces in the scaffold. Analysis of the resistive and capacitive behavior of the impedance spectra indicates that the scaffolds could hinder ion migration, with positive consequences such as lowering the recombination rate and implications for the current–potential curve hysteresis. Our results suggest that an appropriate balance between these advantageous effects and the unavoidable charge transport resistive losses introduced by the scaffolds will help in the optimization of PSC performance.UniĂłn Europea 7PM / 2007-2013UniĂłn Europea ERC 307081 (POLIGHT)Ministerio de EconomĂa y Competitividad de España MAT2014-54852-RMinisterio de EconomĂa y Competitividad de España MAT2015-70611-ER
Diagnóstico de parásitos gastrointestinales en bovinos del departamento de Boyacá, Colombia
Parasitic diseases are considered to be one of the most prevalent pathologies worldwide. They are characterized as one of the most critical sanitary problems in cattle, causing a decrease in the productive capacity of parasitized animals, which translates into economic losses. Intestinal parasitism in cattle is caused by protozoa and helminths, and its manifestation is generally multi-etiological. Clinical signs in gastrointestinal parasitism may vary depending on parasite load, parasite species, and host immunity. This research aimed to determine the prevalence of the main parasitic families affecting cattle in the central province of the department of Boyacá. A cross-sectional study with simple random sampling was carried out, where 716 fecal samples were taken and processed using a modified Ritchie technique. An overall prevalence of 95,6% was determined, and the most prevalent families were Trichostrongylidae, Eimeriidae, Taeniidae, and Trichuridae. The age showed no significant statistical association with most of the parasitic families, except for the Strongyloididae family. The breeds showed a correlation with the Trichostrongylidae, Eimeriidae, Strongylidae, Chabertiidae, and Taeniidae families. The results show the high prevalence of GIP (gastrointestinal parasites) in cattle of the central province of the department of Boyacá.Las enfermedades parasitarias son consideradas como una de las patologĂas más prevalentes alrededor del mundo. Se caracterizan por ser uno de los problemas sanitarios de mayor importancia en los bovinos, causando una disminuciĂłn en la capacidad productiva de los animales parasitados, lo cual se traduce en pĂ©rdidas econĂłmicas. El parasitismo gastrointestinal en bovinos es causado por protozoos y helmintos, y generalmente su presentaciĂłn es multietiolĂłgica. Los signos clĂnicos en el parasitismo gastrointestinal pueden variar dependiendo de la carga parasitaria, la especie parasitaria  y la inmunidad del huĂ©sped. El objetivo de esta investigaciĂłn fue determinar la prevalencia de las principales familias parasitarias que afectan a los bovinos de la provincia central del departamento de Boyacá. Se realizĂł un estudio de corte transversal con muestreo aleatorio simple, en el cual se tomaron 716 muestras de materia fecal que fueron procesadas mediante la tĂ©cnica de Ritchie modificada. Se determinĂł una prevalencia general de 95,6 %, en donde las familias más prevalentes fueron Trichostrongylidae, Eimeriidae, Taeniidae y Trichuridae. La edad no presentĂł asociaciĂłn estadĂstica significativa con la mayorĂa de las familias parasitarias, a excepciĂłn de la familia Strongyloididae. La raza mostrĂł asociaciĂłn con las familias Trichostrongylidae, Eimeriidae, Strongylidae, Chabertiidae y Taeniidae. Los resultados muestran una alta prevalencia de PGI (parásitos gastrointestinales) en la provincia central de Boyacá
Seroprevalence of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) in cattle from Sotaquirá, Colombia
Worldwide distributed Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV) represents a high risk of infection in most bovine farms, in which it is associated with gastrointestinal, respiratory, and reproductive diseases. The purpose of this research was to establish the seroprevalence and the main risk factors associated with the presentation of BVDV in the municipality of Sotaquirá, Colombia. Samples were taken from 1000 cattle of Holstein, Ayrshire, Jersey, Normande Gyr and Holstein x Gyr. Epidemiological surveys were implemented, reproductive and management variables were taken into consideration. Indirect ELISA was performed to detect specific antibodies against BVDV using the commercial kit SERELISA® BVD p80 Ab Mono Blocking. The overall seroprevalence of antibodies against BVDV was 42.5% (425/1000), where the Gyr breed (59.1% apparent prevalence (AP); 60.3% real prevalence (PR)) and the age group > 4 years (53.0% PA; 54.4% PR) presented the highest seroprevalences. A significant statistical association was found for the breed, age, management practices evaluated and the presentation of PI3 (p ≤ 0.05). Age group > 4 years, Normande breed, presentation of PI3 and grazing lease were established as risk factors associated with BVDV in the herds. These infections are mainly associated with dairy cattle and herds with many animals, so it is important to consider vaccination plans as a preventive system and follow up on the most common diseases
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