Timelines of Tension: Trajectories of Protected-Area Creation in the Austrian Alps

The establishment of protected areas is often preceded by tensions and intense discussions between stakeholders of differing interests. Governmental bodies, environmental conservation groups and local actors, such as farmers or locals involved in tourism, are either in favour of or in opposition to the designation of protected areas in their home regions. Using two protected areas in the Eastern Austrian Alps as cases in point, the present study combines the methods of oral history and archival research to trace these timelines of tension and to identify the actors involved and the issues debated on the way to designation. Our results reveal the complex nature of both cases shaped by a variety of actors from the public, non-profit (or voluntary) and private sectors. After up to 30 years of discussions, both protected areas now seem to be accepted by large parts of the local population and are even well-integrated in the regional agrarian and touristic setting. To shorten these “timelines of tension” in future conservation projects, communication measures and strategies could clearly be improved and past experiences of protected area designations made available to present policy makers of the Alpine region. In this way, new protected areas could be established without undue tensions and pave the way for sustainable development in sensitive environments of the European Alps

Open is not enough

The solutions adopted by the high-energy physics community to foster reproducible research are examples of best practices that could be embraced more widely. This first experience suggests that reproducibility requires going beyond openness

Open is not enough

The solutions adopted by the high-energy physics community to foster reproducible research are examples of best practices that could be embraced more widely. This first experience suggests that reproducibility requires going beyond openness.Peer reviewe

Reinterpretation of LHC Results for New Physics: Status and recommendations after Run 2

We report on the status of efforts to improve the reinterpretation of searches and measurements at the LHC in terms of models for new physics, in the context of the LHC Reinterpretation Forum. We detail current experimental offerings in direct searches for new particles, measurements, technical implementations and Open Data, and provide a set of recommendations for further improving the presentation of LHC results in order to better enable reinterpretation in the future. We also provide a brief description of existing software reinterpretation frameworks and recent global analyses of new physics that make use of the current data

Rhinitis associated with asthma is distinct from rhinitis alone: TARIA‐MeDALL hypothesis

Asthma, rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis (AD) are interrelated clinical phenotypes that partly overlap in the human interactome. The concept of “one-airway-one-disease,” coined over 20 years ago, is a simplistic approach of the links between upper- and lower-airway allergic diseases. With new data, it is time to reassess the concept. This article reviews (i) the clinical observations that led to Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA), (ii) new insights into polysensitization and multimorbidity, (iii) advances in mHealth for novel phenotype definitions, (iv) confirmation in canonical epidemiologic studies, (v) genomic findings, (vi) treatment approaches, and (vii) novel concepts on the onset of rhinitis and multimorbidity. One recent concept, bringing together upper- and lower-airway allergic diseases with skin, gut, and neuropsychiatric multimorbidities, is the “Epithelial Barrier Hypothesis.” This review determined that the “one-airway-one-disease” concept does not always hold true and that several phenotypes of disease can be defined. These phenotypes include an extreme “allergic” (asthma) phenotype combining asthma, rhinitis, and conjunctivitis.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Discutindo a educação ambiental no cotidiano escolar: desenvolvimento de projetos na escola formação inicial e continuada de professores

A presente pesquisa buscou discutir como a Educação Ambiental (EA) vem sendo trabalhada, no Ensino Fundamental e como os docentes desta escola compreendem e vem inserindo a EA no cotidiano escolar., em uma escola estadual do município de Tangará da Serra/MT, Brasil. Para tanto, realizou-se entrevistas com os professores que fazem parte de um projeto interdisciplinar de EA na escola pesquisada. Verificou-se que o projeto da escola não vem conseguindo alcançar os objetivos propostos por: desconhecimento do mesmo, pelos professores; formação deficiente dos professores, não entendimento da EA como processo de ensino-aprendizagem, falta de recursos didáticos, planejamento inadequado das atividades. A partir dessa constatação, procurou-se debater a impossibilidade de tratar do tema fora do trabalho interdisciplinar, bem como, e principalmente, a importância de um estudo mais aprofundado de EA, vinculando teoria e prática, tanto na formação docente, como em projetos escolares, a fim de fugir do tradicional vínculo “EA e ecologia, lixo e horta”.Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educació

Automated Extraction of Shallow Erosion Areas Based on Multi-Temporal Ortho-Imagery

Abstract: In several areas of the Alps, steep grassland is characterized by shallow erosions. These erosions represent a hazard through the increased availability of unconsolidated material in steep locations, loss of soil and impaired landscape aesthetics. Generally, the erosions concern only small areas but sometimes occur in large numbers. Remote sensing technologies have emerged as suitable tools to study the spatio-temporal changes of these eroded areas. The detection of such eroded areas is often done by manual digitalization of aerial photographs, which is labour-intensive and includes a certain risk of subjectivity. In this study we present a methodological tool that allows the automatic classification of shallow erosions on the basis of orthophoto series. The approach was carried out within a test site in the inner Schmirn Valley, Austria. The study covers both the detection of erosion areas and a multi-temporal analysis of the geomorphological changes. The presented approach is an appropriate tool for detecting shallow erosions and for analysing them in multi-temporal terms. The multi-temporal analysis revealed one period of higher increases in eroded areas compared to shrinking during the other periods. However, the analysis of the change of all single erosions indicates that in each stud

Pfade der Spannungen: Entstehungsverläufe von Schutzgebieten in den österreichischen Alpen

Der Schaffung von Schutzgebieten gehen oft Spannungen und intensive Diskussionen zwischen Vertretern und Vertreterinnen unterschiedlicher Interessen voraus. Öffentliche Körperschaften, Umweltschutzgruppen und lokale Beteiligte aus Landwirtschaft und Tourismus sind entweder für oder gegen die Ausweisung eines Schutzgebiets in ihrer Heimatregion. Am Beispiel von zwei Schutzgebieten in den österreichischen Ostalpen wendet die vorliegende Studie eine Kombination von mündlicher Geschichte und Recherche in Archiven an, um diese Pfade der Spannungen nachzuverfolgen und die Beteiligten zu identifizieren, ebenso wie die Themen, die auf dem Weg zur Ausweisung diskutiert wurden. Unsere Ergebnisse offenbaren die Komplexität beider Fälle, an der verschiedenste Beteiligte aus dem öffentlichen wie auch dem non-profit bzw. ehrenamtlichen und dem privaten Bereich mitgewirkt haben. Nach bis zu 30 Jahren an Debatten scheinen beide Schutzgebiete heute von großen Teilen der lokalen Bevölkerung akzeptiert und sogar gut in den regionalen landwirtschaftlichen und touristischen Rahmen integriert zu sein. Wenn diese „Pfade der Spannungen“ in zukünftigen Unter-Schutz-Stellungen verkürzt werden sollen, ließen sich die Kommunikationsmaßnahmen und -strategien sicher verbessern. Gleichzeitig könnten bisherige Erfahrungen mit der Ausweisung von Schutzgebieten den Verantwortlichen für politische Entscheidungen in den Alpen zur Verfügung gestellt werden. Auf diese Weise könnten neue Schutzgebiete ohne übermäßige Spannungen geschaffen werden und den Weg für nachhaltige Entwicklung in ökologisch sensitiven Gebieten der europäischen Alpen ebnen