Touristische Dorfvermarktungsstrategien : Inhalte, Erfolgsfaktoren, ökonomische Konzepte ; innovative Dorfvermarktungsstrategien in Deutschland und Europa und deren Übertragbarkeit auf Sachsen

Welche Rolle spielen Dörfer im Landtourismus? Können Dörfer touristische Destinationen sein? Die Studie »Innovative Dorfvermarktungsstrategien in Deutschland und Europa und deren Übertragbarkeit auf Sachsen« untersucht touristisch erfolgreiche Dörfer in Deutschland, Österreich, Frankreich und Belgien. Sie bietet Informationen und Handlungsempfehlungen sowie eine ausführliche Checkliste für Dörfer, die sich als Themendorf positionieren möchten. Die Ergebnisse zeigen: Eine touristische Profilierung von Dörfern auf klar definierte Alleinstellungsmerkmale (Themendörfer) führt zu quantifizierbaren wirtschaftlichen Effekten. Dörfer können ihre touristische Entwicklung unter ein bestimmtes Thema stellen, wie zum Beispiel Handwerkstraditionen oder die Ausrichtung auf bestimmte Zielgruppen. Möglich ist es aber auch, die »Schönheit« eines Dorfes in den Mittelpunkt der Vermarktung zu rücken

Clinically abnormal case with paternally derived partial trisomy 8p23.3 to 8p12 including maternal isodisomy of 8p23.3: a case report

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Because of low copy repeats (LCRs) and common inversion polymorphisms, the human chromosome 8p is prone to a number of recurrent rearrangements. Each of these rearrangements is associated with several phenotypic features. We report on a patient with various clinical malformations and developmental delay in connection with an inverted duplication event, involving chromosome 8p.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Chromosome analysis, multicolor banding analysis (MCB), extensive fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis and microsatellite analysis were performed.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The karyotype was characterized in detail by multicolor banding (MCB), subtelomeric and centromere-near probes as 46,XY,dup(8)(pter->p23.3::p12->p23.3::p23.3->qter). Additionally, microsatellite analysis revealed the paternal origin of the duplication and gave hints for a mitotic recombination involving about 6 MB in 8p23.3.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>A comprehensive analysis of the derivative chromosome 8 suggested a previously unreported mechanism of formation, which included an early mitotic aberration leading to maternal isodisomy, followed by an inverted duplication of the 8p12p23.3 region.</p

Characterization of Lifestyle inSpinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3 andAssociation with Disease Severity

Background: Lifestyle could influence the course of hereditary ataxias, but representative data are missing. Objective: The objective of this study was to characterize lifestyle in spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) and investigate possible associations with disease parameters. Methods: In a prospective cohort study, data on smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, physiotherapy, and body mass index (BMI) were collected from 243 patients with SCA3 and 119 controls and tested for associations with age of onset, disease severity, and progression. Results: Compared with controls, patients with SCA3 were less active and consumed less alcohol. Less physical activity and alcohol abstinence were associated with more severe disease, but not with progression rates or age of onset. Smoking, BMI, or physiotherapy did not correlate with disease parameters. Conclusion: Differences in lifestyle factors of patients with SCA3 and controls as well as associations of lifestyle factors with disease severity are likely driven by the influence of symptoms on behavior. No association between lifestyle and disease progression was detected. © 2021 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder SocietyFunding agencies: This publication is an outcome of the European Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3/Machado-Joseph disease initiative (ESMI), an EU Joint Programme–Neurodegenerative Disease Research (JPND) project (see www.jpnd.eu). The project is supported through the following funding organizations under the aegis of JPND: Germany, Federal Ministry of Education and Research (funding codes 01ED1602A/B); The Netherlands, The Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development; Portugal, Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT); United Kingdom, Medical Research Council. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under Grant 643417. At the US sites, this work was in part supported by the National Ataxia Foundation and the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Grant R01 NS080816. P.G. is supported by the National Institute for Health Research University College London Hospitals (UCLH) Biomedical Research Centre. P.G. receives also support from the North Thames Clinical Research Network (CRN). P.G. and H.G.M. work at University College London Hospitals/University College London, which receives a proportion of funding from the Department of Health’s National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centres funding scheme. P.G. received funding from CureSCA3 in support of H.G.M.’s work. This work was moreover supported, in part, by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Foundation) No. 441409627, as part of the Progression chart of Spastic ataxias (PROSPAX) consortium under the frame of the European Joint Programme on Rare Diseases (EJP RD), under the EJP RD COFUND-EJP N 825575 (to M.S., B.v.W,) and Grant 779257 “Solve-RD” from the Horizon 2020 research and innovation program to M.S

Sulfur K-edge XANES spectroscopy reveals differences in sulfur speciation of bulk soils, humic acid, fulvic acid, and particle size separates

14 pages, 5 figures, 6 tables, 45 references.X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectra at the sulfur (S) K-edge (E=2472 eV) were compared for bulk soil material, humic and fulvic acid fractions, and different particle size separates from Ah horizons of two arable Luvisols, from an O and a Bs horizon of a Podzol under Norway spruce forest, and from an H horizon of a Histosol (peat bog). In the bulk soil samples, the contribution of reduced organic S (organic mono- and disulfides) to total sulfur increased from 27% to 52%, and the contribution of ester sulfate and SO42−-S decreased from 39% to 14% of total S in the following order: arable Luvisols Ah—forested Podzol O—Histosol H. This sequence reflects the increasing organic carbon content and the decreasing O2 availability in that order. Neither sulfonate nor inorganic sulfide was detected in any of the bulk soil samples. For all samples except the Podzol Bs, the XANES spectra of the bulk soils differed considerably from the spectra of the humic and acid fractions of the respective soils, with the latter containing less reduced S (16–44% of total S) and more oxidized S (sulfone S: 19–35%; ester sulfate S: 14–38% of total S). Also the S speciation of most particle size fractions extracted from the Ah horizon of the Viehhausen Luvisol and the Bs horizon of the Podzol was different from that of the bulk soil. For both soils, the contribution of oxidized S species to total S increased and the contribution of sulfoxides and organic mono- and disulfides decreased with decreasing particle size. Thus, sulfur K-edge XANES spectra of alkaline soil extracts, including humic and fulvic acids or of particle size separates are not representative for the S speciation of the original soil sample they are derived from. The differences can be attributed to (i) artificial changes of the sulfur speciation during alkaline extraction (conversion of reduced S into oxidized S, loss of SO42− during purification of the extracts by dialysis) or particle size separation (carry-over of water-soluble S, such as SO42−), but also to (ii) preferential enrichment of oxidized S in hydrophilic water-soluble soil organic matter (ester sulfate) and in the clay fraction of soils (ester sulfate, adsorbed SO42−).Peer reviewe

Touristische Dorfvermarktungsstrategien : Inhalte, Erfolgsfaktoren, ökonomische Konzepte ; innovative Dorfvermarktungsstrategien in Deutschland und Europa und deren Übertragbarkeit auf Sachsen

Welche Rolle spielen Dörfer im Landtourismus? Können Dörfer touristische Destinationen sein? Die Studie »Innovative Dorfvermarktungsstrategien in Deutschland und Europa und deren Übertragbarkeit auf Sachsen« untersucht touristisch erfolgreiche Dörfer in Deutschland, Österreich, Frankreich und Belgien. Sie bietet Informationen und Handlungsempfehlungen sowie eine ausführliche Checkliste für Dörfer, die sich als Themendorf positionieren möchten. Die Ergebnisse zeigen: Eine touristische Profilierung von Dörfern auf klar definierte Alleinstellungsmerkmale (Themendörfer) führt zu quantifizierbaren wirtschaftlichen Effekten. Dörfer können ihre touristische Entwicklung unter ein bestimmtes Thema stellen, wie zum Beispiel Handwerkstraditionen oder die Ausrichtung auf bestimmte Zielgruppen. Möglich ist es aber auch, die »Schönheit« eines Dorfes in den Mittelpunkt der Vermarktung zu rücken

The speciation of sulfur in bulk soil differs from the S speciation in humic acid, fulvic acid, and most particle size fractions

Comunicación 280-3 presentada en la Sesión 280: Sorption and Speciation of Nutrients and Trace Metals in Soilsen.-- Congreso, celebrado del 12-16 de noviembre 2006, en Indianápolis, USA.Synchrotron-based X-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy (XANES) at the S K-edge (2476 eV) is a powerful, non-invasive tool for the speciation of sulfur in soil. However, in many studies instead of bulk soil samples, which often yielded spectra which were too noisy to analyze, alkaline extracts or soil particle size fractions have been investigated, accepting that the S speciation of these fractions represents that of the bulk soil. To test that assumption we compared the S speciation as revealed by S K-edge XANES of bulk soil, humic acid, fulvic acid, and several particle size fractions from A horizons of two cropland Alfisols, from an O and a Bs horizon of a forested Spodosol, and from an H horizon of a peat bog. The XANES spectra at the K-edge of S (2476 eV) were acquired at beamline ID 21 of the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) in Grenoble/France. For all except one (Spodosol Bs) sample, the XANES spectra of the humic and the fulvic acid fractions differed considerably from those of the respective bulk soil, with the humic and fulvic acid fractions generally being depleted in reduced S (thiols, organic disulfide) and enriched in oxidized S (sulfone, sulfonate, ester sulfate). Also the spectra of most particle size fractions were clearly different from the spectrum of the respective bulk soil, with the clay fraction being enriched in oxidized S, and the sand fractions being enriched in reduced S. Our results show that neither the sulfur K edge XANES spectra of alkaline soil extracts, including humic and fulvic acids, nor those of the clay particle size fraction can be used as proxies for the S speciation of the original soil from which the fractions had been isolated.Peer reviewe

Genome-Wide Identification and Validation of Reference Genes in Infected Tomato Leaves for Quantitative RT-PCR Analyses.

The Gram-negative bacterium Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria (Xcv) causes bacterial spot disease of pepper and tomato by direct translocation of type III effector proteins into the plant cell cytosol. Once in the plant cell the effectors interfere with host cell processes and manipulate the plant transcriptome. Quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) is usually the method of choice to analyze transcriptional changes of selected plant genes. Reliable results depend, however, on measuring stably expressed reference genes that serve as internal normalization controls. We identified the most stably expressed tomato genes based on microarray analyses of Xcv-infected tomato leaves and evaluated the reliability of 11 genes for qRT-PCR studies in comparison to four traditionally employed reference genes. Three different statistical algorithms, geNorm, NormFinder and BestKeeper, concordantly determined the superiority of the newly identified reference genes. The most suitable reference genes encode proteins with homology to PHD finger family proteins and the U6 snRNA-associated protein LSm7. In addition, we identified pepper orthologs and validated several genes as reliable normalization controls for qRT-PCR analysis of Xcv-infected pepper plants. The newly identified reference genes will be beneficial for future qRT-PCR studies of the Xcv-tomato and Xcv-pepper pathosystems, as well as for the identification of suitable normalization controls for qRT-PCR studies of other plant-pathogen interactions, especially, if related plant species are used in combination with bacterial pathogens

Expression profiles of new candidate reference genes and classical housekeeping genes from pepper.

<p>Box plot graphs of Ct values for each reference gene tested in all samples (n = 48). Ct values are inversely proportional to the amount of template. The boxes indicate the 25/75 percentiles, median values are represented by black lines. Whisker caps indicate the value range, dots represent outliers. New reference gene candidates are indicated in bold.</p