Nasolacrimal duct obstruction due to periodontal disease in domestic rabbit, Oryctolagus cuniculus - case report: Obstrução do ducto nasolacrimal devido à doença periodontal em coelho doméstico, Oryctolagus cuniculus - relato de caso

Rabbits are animals with a high prevalence of periodontal diseases, which can be explained by anatomical particularities. The roots of the incisive and premolar teeth of the maxilla are very close to the lacrimal duct, and in addition, these animals have continuous teeth growth which can predispose to compression and obstruction of the nasolacrimal duct, resulting in dacryocystitis and leading to secondary ophthalmic problems. As visualization of the oral cavity is only possible under sedation, dental problems are often underdiagnosed. The present report aims to show the case of a female rabbit which had chronic conjunctivitis with purulent secretion associated with the nasolacrimal duct obstruction, secondary to periodontal disease

Empreendedorismo feminino em Barreira, Ceará, Brasil

Na sociedade brasileira atual, a mulher ainda encontra muitas dificuldades quando o assunto é a inserção no campo do empreendedorismo, sobretudo quando se encontra em uma cidade interiorana, como é o caso deste estudo, que tem por objetivo compreender as motivações e desafios encontrados por mulheres empreendedoras na cidade de Barreira, Ceará, Brasil. Para a construção deste estudo, empregou-se a pesquisa do tipo exploratório-descritiva, de natureza básica, com abordagem qualitativa e método técnico da pesquisa participante. As técnicas de coleta de dados e informações utilizadas foram a observação direta e o questionário-formulário com perguntas abertas aplicadas a seis mulheres empreendedoras no centro urbano da cidade de Barreira. Quanto às técnicas de análise, empregou-se a análise do discurso sociohistórico. Ao proceder com as análises interpretativas dos dados e informações, encontraram-se resultados bastante significativos sobre as dificuldades, motivações e desafios revelados pelas mulheres participantes deste estudo no tocante às práticas empreendedoristas. Apesar dos desafios, é possível concluir que o fenômeno do empreendedorismo feminino se apresenta como alternativa de mudanças e transformações que motivam e viabilizam a inserção das mulheres no mundo do trabalho e no âmbito socioeconômico da coletividade em geral, especificamente na cidade de Barreira, Ceará, Brasil

Youth Sports Participation And Health Status In Early Adulthood: 12-Year Follow-Up

Examining association between serial participation in youth organized sports (OS) and concurrent cardiometabolic risk factors, with long-term health status, will aid understanding the role of OS participation. Combining data from a prospective study and a follow-up survey, we aimed to determine association between youth OS participation and cardiometabolic risk factors with health and physical activity (PA) in young adulthood. Cardiometabolic risk factors were monitored yearly, and OS involvement through middle school, high school, and college, together with current status was recorded 12 years after the initial study began; 462 participants completed follow-up. Cardiometabolic risk factors included: body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, blood pressure, total, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and triglycerides, fasting glucose and insulin.  Participants continuing OS participation from middle to high school and/or college had significantly lower BMI/BMI z-scores [24.7 vs 27.4 (p<0.05) and 0.51 vs 0.82 (p<0.05), respectively] and significantly higher HDL [48.7 vs 45.4 (p=<0.05)] than those without OS participation after middle school. Waist circumference of females was significantly smaller in those who participated in OS from middle to high school and/or college (84.9cm) compared to those who had no OS (92.1cm), (p<0.05). Participants continuing OS from middle to high school and/or college reported significantly higher follow-up PA levels than those who had no OS after middle school (p<0.001).  This study provides novel data showing serial participation in OS from middle to high school and/or college was associated with a superior cardiometabolic health profile in school and increased PA levels at 12-year follow-up

Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA fingerprint clusters and its relationship with RDRio genotype in Brazil

Made available in DSpace on 2015-08-19T13:49:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license.txt: 1914 bytes, checksum: 7d48279ffeed55da8dfe2f8e81f3b81f (MD5) phillip_suffys2_etal_IOC_2013.pdf: 1588404 bytes, checksum: 11bc6ace17b6144b5a042e2b0195b473 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo. Núcleo de Doenças Infecciosas. Vitória, ES, Brasil.Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo. Núcleo de Doenças Infecciosas. Vitória, ES, Brasil.Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo. Núcleo de Doenças Infecciosas. Vitória, ES, Brasil.Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo. Núcleo de Doenças Infecciosas. Vitória, ES, Brasil.Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo. Núcleo de Doenças Infecciosas. Vitória, ES, Brasil.Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo. Núcleo de Doenças Infecciosas. Vitória, ES, Brasil.Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo. Núcleo de Doenças Infecciosas. Vitória, ES, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Biologia Molecular Aplicada a Micobactérias. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Biologia Molecular Aplicada a Micobactérias. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Johns Hopkins University. School of Medicine. Baltimore, MD, USA.University of California. School of Public Health. Division of Infectious Disease and Vaccinology. Berkeley, CA, USA.Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo. Núcleo de Doenças Infecciosas. bPrograma de Pós-graduação em Saúde Coletiva. Vitória, ES, Brasil.Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) strains designated as RDRio are responsible for a large cluster of new cases of tuberculosis (TB) in Rio de Janeiro. They were previously shown to be associated with severe manifestations of TB. Here, we used three genotyping methods (IS6110 RFLP, spoligotyping, and multiplex PCR) to characterize RDRio and non-RDRio strains from the metropolitan area of Vitória, State of Espirito Santo in southeast Brazil to determine strain diversity and transmission patterns. Strains with identical IS6110 RFLP patterns were considered to belong to a cluster indicative of recent transmission. Between 2000 and 2010, we identified 5470 new TB patients and genotyped 981 Mtb strains. Of these, 376 (38%) were RDRio. By RFLP, 180 (48%) of 376 RDRio strains and 235 (40%) of 593 non-RDRio strains belonged to RFLP cluster pattern groups (p = 0.023). Simpson’s diversity index based on RFLP patterns was 0.96 for RDRio and 0.98 for non-RDRio strains. Thus, although RDRio strains appear to be comprised of a fewer number of RFLP genotypes, they represent a heterogeneous group. While TB cases caused by RDRio appear more likely to be due to recent transmission than cases caused by non-RDRio strains, the difference is small. These observations suggest that factors other than inherent biological characteristic of RDRio lineages are more important in determining recent transmission, and that public health measures to interrupt new transmissions need to be emphasized for TB control in Vitória

Extrapulmonary tuberculosis: Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains and host risk factors in a large urban setting in Brazil.

BACKGROUND:Factors related to the development of extrapulmonary forms of tuberculosis (EPTB) are still poorly understood, particularly in high-endemic countries like Brazil. The objective of the paper is to determine host and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) strain-related factors associated with the development of EPTB in Espírito Santo state, Brazil. METHODS AND FINDINGS:We conducted a retrospective laboratory-based surveillance study of new tuberculosis (TB) cases diagnosed in Espírito Santo state, Brazil between 1998 and 2007. We genotyped 612 isolates of MTB from 606 TB patients using spoligotyping and IS6110-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) typing and compared sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of patients with pulmonary TB (PTB) and EPTB. Among 606 patients, 464 (77%) had PTB, 79 (13%) had EPTB, 51 (8%) had both, and 12 (2%) had miliary TB. The IS6110 RFLP analysis demonstrated that 250 (41%) isolates belonged to clustered RFLP patterns, 27 (11%) of which were from EPTB. We identified 73 clusters including 35 (48%) composed of 2 isolates each. By spoligotyping, 506 (83%) MTB isolates fell into known patterns and 106 (17%) fell into patterns with no family assignment; 297 (48%) isolates belonged to the Latin-American Mediterranean family. Higher school level (4-7 years OR: 0.16 95% CI 0.34-0.73 and > 8 years of education, OR 0.06 95% CI 0.009-0.50) white ethnicity (OR: 2.54 95% CI 1.03-6.25) and HIV infection (OR: 16.83 95% CI 5.23-54.18) were associated with EPTB. No specific strain lineage or percentage of clustering was associated with EPTB. CONCLUSIONS:These results demonstrate that risk factors for EPTB are related more to host than to MTB strain lineage characteristics

Spoligotyping families by Clinical Site of 606 <i>M. tuberculosis</i> isolates, Espirito Santo State, Brazil.

<p>Spoligotyping families by Clinical Site of 606 <i>M. tuberculosis</i> isolates, Espirito Santo State, Brazil.</p

Frequency of Shared International Type of <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> isolates in Espirito Santo State, Brazil.

<p>Frequency of Shared International Type of <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> isolates in Espirito Santo State, Brazil.</p