Dikkat Eksikliği Hiperaktivite Bozukluğu Tanısı Alan Hastalarda Davranım Bozukluğu Belirtilerinin Öngörücüleri

Horozcu Saltık, H, Predictors of Behavioral Disorder Symptoms in Patients with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Thesis in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Ankara, 2020. The aim of this study is to evaluate the predictors of conduct disorder symptoms, emotion recognition, empathy skills, callous unemotional traits and family relations of subjects aged 12-18 years with a diagnosis of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), who met the inclusion criteria and accepted to participate in the study. It is a cross-sectional study based on the evaluation of the results and comparison of the findings with healthy control subjects. 102 adolescents between the ages 12-18 were enrolled in the study, 49 in ADHD group, 18 girls and 31 boys and and 53 in healthy control group, 23 girls and 30 boys, that matched for age, gender and socioeconomic-sociocultural level. All children were interviewed by using Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School Aged Children- Present and Lifetime version (K-SADS-PL) to screen previous and current ADHD in research group and to exclude any psychiatric disorder in healthy control group. All subjects were evaluated with Conners - Wells' Adolescent Self - Report Scale - Long Form, KA-SI Empathic Tendency Scale for Children and Adolescents - Adolescent Form, Inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits–Youth Form, Strenghts and Difficulties Questionarie (SDQ), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Reading The Mind in the Eyes Test (RME) were completed by adolescent and Conners’ Parent Rating Scale Long Form-Revised (CEDS-Y: U), The Turgay DSM-IV Based Disruptive Behavior Disorders Child and Adolescent Rating and Screening Scale, (T-DSM-IV-S), Family Assessment Device (FAD) and Griffith Empathy Scale-Parent Evaluation Form were completed by parents. Adolescents with ADHD had more difficulty in recognizing emotions, had empathic difficulties in cognitive areas, callous-unemotional traits are prominent in this group and family and social functionality problems were higher. Subjects who had ADHD with conduct disorder (CD) symptoms, showed more behavioral, emotional, family, social and anger control problems as well as significant empathy difficulties in cognitive domains and higher depression scale scores. There was no significant difference between ADHD with CD symptoms and emotion reading and callous-unemotional traits. When the whole sample was evaluated, it was determined that cognitive lack of empathy, family problems, emotional problems, behavioral problems, anger control problems, depressive symptoms, opposition, hyperactivity, anxiety, and shyness could be variables that could predict behavioral disorder symptoms. Key words: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, conduct disorder, emotion recognition, empathy skills, callous-unemotional traitsHorozcu Saltık, H. Dikkat Eksikliği Hiperaktivite Bozukluğu Tanısı Olan Hastalarda Davranım Bozukluğu Belirtilerinin Öngörücüleri, Hacettepe Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Çocuk ve Ergen Ruh Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Tezi, Ankara, 2020. Bu çalışma Dikkat Eksikliği Hiperaktivite Bozukluğu (DEHB) tanısı ile en az 5 yıllık takibi olan, dahil etme ölçütlerini karşılayan, çalışmayı katılmayı kabul eden 12-18 yaş arasındaki olguların, davranım bozukluğu belirtilerinin öngörücülerinin, duygu tanıma, empati becerileri, katı duygusuz özellikleri ve aile ilişkileri açısından değerlendirilmesine ve bulguların sağlıklı kontrol olguları ile karşılaştırılmasına dayanan kesitsel bir çalışmadır. Çalışmaya 12-18 yaş arasında, 18 kız ve 31 erkekten oluşan 49 hasta ve araştırma grubu ile yaş, cinsiyet ve sosyoekonomik-sosyokültürel düzey açısından eşleştirilmiş 23 kız ve 30 erkek toplam da 53 sağlıklı kontrol alınmıştır. Araştırma grubundaki ergenlerde şimdiki ve geçmiş dönemdeki DEHB tanısını doğrulamak ve kontrol grubundaki ergenlerde psikiyatrik hastalıkları dışlamak için KSADS-PL kullanılmıştır. Ergenler, Conners-Wells Ergen Özbildirim Ölçeği Uzun Formu (CWEÖÖ-U), KA-Sİ Çocuk ve Ergenler İçin Empatik Eğilim Ölçeği, Katı-Duygusuz Özellikleri Tarama Ölçeği (ICU-TR), Güçler ve Güçlükler Anketi (GGA), Beck Depresyon Ölçeği (BDÖ), Gözlerden Zihin Okuma Testi-Gözler Testi ile değerlendirilmiş, ebeveynlerine Conners Anababa Dereceleme Ölçeği - Yenilenmiş̧/Uzun (CADÖ-Y/U), Turgay Dikkat Eksikliği ve Yıkıcı Davranış Bozuklukları için DSM-IV’e Dayalı Tarama ve Değerlendirme Ölçeği - Ebeveyn Formu - (T-DSM-IV-Ö ), Aile Değerlendirme Ölçeği (ADÖ), Griffith Empati Ölçeği-Anne Baba Değerlendirme Formu verilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda DEHB olan ergenlerin duygu tanıma zorluklarının daha fazla olduğu, bilişsel empatide zorluk, katı-duygusuz özelliklerinin belirgin olduğu, aile ve sosyal işlevsellik sorunlarının daha yüksek olduğu gösterilmiştir. Davranım bozukluğu (DB) belirtileri gösteren DEHB’lerin DB belirtileri eşlik etmeyen gruba göre daha fazla davranım, duygusal, aile, öfke kontrol ve sosyal problemleri gösterdikleri; bilişsel alanlarda belirgin empati zorluklarının olduğu, depresyon ölçek puanlarının daha yüksek olduğu gösterilmişken; Davranım bozukluğu belirtisi eşlik eden DEHB ile duygu okuma, katı-duygusuz özellikler açısından anlamlı farklılık göstermemiştir. Tüm örneklem değerlendirildiğinde bilişsel empati eksikliği, aile problemleri, duygusal problemler, davranım problemleri, öfke kontrol problemleri, depresif belirtiler, karşı gelme, hiperaktivite, kaygı ve utangaçlığın davranım bozukluğu belirtilerini öngörebilecek değişkenler olabileceği belirlenmiştir. Anahtar sözcükler: Dikkat eksikliği hiperaktivite bozukluğu, davranım bozukluğu, duygu tanıma, empati becerileri, katı-duygusuz özellikle

The prevalence of childhood psychopathology in Turkey: a cross-sectional multicenter nationwide study (EPICPAT-T).

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of childhood psychopathologies in Turkey

Prevalence of Childhood Affective disorders in Turkey: An epidemiological study

Aim: To determine the prevalence of affective disorders in Turkey among a representative sample of Turkish population. Methods: This study was conducted as a part of the "The Epidemiology of Childhood Psychopathology in Turkey" (EPICPAT-T) Study, which was designed by the Turkish Association of Child and Adolescent Mental Health. The inclusion criterion was being a student between the second and fourth grades in the schools assigned as study centers. The assessment tools used were the K-SADS-PL, and a sociodemographic form that was designed by the authors. Impairment was assessed via a 3 point-Likert type scale independently rated by a parent and a teacher. Results: A total of 5842 participants were included in the analyses. The prevalence of affective disorders was 2.5 % without considering impairment and 1.6 % when impairment was taken into account. In our sample, the diagnosis of bipolar disorder was lacking, thus depressive disorders constituted all the cases. Among depressive disorders with impairment, major depressive disorder (MDD) (prevalence of 1.06%) was the most common, followed by dysthymia (prevalence of 0.2%), adjustment disorder with depressive features (prevalence of 0.17%), and depressive disorder-NOS (prevalence of 0.14%). There were no statistically significant gender differences for depression. Maternal psychopathology and paternal physical illness were predictors of affective disorders with pervasive impairment. Conclusion: MDD was the most common depressive disorder among Turkish children in this nationwide epidemiological study. This highlights the severe nature of depression and the importance of early interventions. Populations with maternal psychopathology and paternal physical illness may be the most appropriate targets for interventions to prevent and treat depression in children and adolescents

The prevalence of childhood psychopathology in Turkey: a cross-sectional multicenter nationwide study (EPICPAT-T)

Conclusion: This is the largest and most comprehensive epidemiological study to determine the prevalence of psychopathologies in children and adolescents in Turkey. Our results partly higher than, and partly comparable to previous national and international studies. It also contributes to the literature by determining the independent predictors of psychopathologies in this age group