33 research outputs found
Fabrication of sub-100 nm IDT SAW devices on insulating, semiconducting and conductive substrates
This work describes the electron-beam (e-beam) lithography process developed to manufacture nano interdigital transducers (IDTs) to be used in high frequency (GHz) surface acoustic wave (SAW) applications. The combination of electron-beam (e-beam) lithography and lift-off process is shown to be effective in fabricating well-defined IDT finger patterns with a line width below 100 nm with a good yield. Working with insulating piezoelectric substrates brings about e-beam deflection. It is also shown how a very thin organic anti-static layer works well in avoiding this charge accumulation during e-beam lithography on the resist layer. However, the use of this anti-static layer is not required with the insulating piezoelectric layer laying on a semiconducting substrate such as highly doped silicon. The effect of the e-beam dose on a number of different layers (of insulating, insulating on semiconducting, semiconducting, and conductive natures) is provided. Among other advantages, the use of reduced e-beam doses increases the manufacturing time.
The principal aim of this work is to explain the interrelation among e-beam dose, substrate nature and IDT structure. An extensive study of the e-beam lithography of long IDT-fingers is provided, in a wide variety of electrode widths, electrode numbers and electrode pitches. It is worthy to highlight that this work shows the influence of the e-beam dose on five substrates of different conductive natur
Neutrino propagation in matter and CP violation
We point out that the dependence on the order of the matter through which
neutrinos pass can provide a window into CP violation in the neutrino sector.
This allows for study of CP in the neutrino sector without the necessity of
making a comparison between the behavior of neutrinos and that of
antineutrinos.Comment: 10 pp, including three figures; added references, fixed typo
Neutrino oscillations in structured matter
A layered material structure in a monochromatic neutrino beam produces
interference effects that could be used for the measurement of features of the
neutrino mass matrix. The phenomenon would be most useful at high energies.Comment: 18 pp of which two figure
ChemInform Abstract: Alkyl-Group Selection in an Acid-Surfactant-Promoted Reaction of Homoallyl Alcohols and Aldehydes in Water.
Badanie w艂a艣ciwo艣ci przeciwrdzewnych oleju z pomiaru krzywej polaryzacyjnej
Fe-Cu-C sintered steels are widely used as powder materials, because of its small volumetric shrinkage. However, Cu, which acts as cathode enhance formation of rust Fe2O3路xH2O during fabrication. To prevent formation of Fe2O3路xH2O rust preventive oils are widely used. High viscosity of those rust preventive oils decrease workability. While, low viscosity degrade rust preventive performance. Therefore, it is necessary to develop new rust preventive oils with contradictory properties of low viscosity and superior rust prevention. In this study, we developed technique to quantitatively evaluate rust prevention ability by measuring polarization curve through thin corrosive solution on Fe-Cu-C sintered steels coated with rust preventive oils. The electrochemical measurements were carried out in corrosive solution of 0.35 mass % NaCl. Using a double capillary was added dropwise to the specimen. From the experimental, it is possible to evaluate the corrosion rate quantitatively in the surface of specimen, which was coated with rust preventive oil through thin corrosive solution. From the measurement results, Corrosion rate is reduced by coating the rust preventive oil. Especially, corrosion rate of the specimen coated with oil that showed best performance indicated 10000 times better than that of without oil ones. Zn addition negative correlation between corrosion rate and period of potential oscillation.Spiekane stale Fe-Cu-C s膮 szeroko stosowane jako materia艂y proszkowe, ze wzgl臋du na ma艂y skurcz obj臋to艣ciowy. Jednak mied藕, kt贸ra zachowuje si臋 jak katoda, wp艂ywa na zwi臋kszone powstawanie rdzy Fe2O3路xH2O w procesie wytwarzania stali. Aby zapobiec tworzeniu si臋 Fe2O3路xH2O stosuje si臋 oleje ochronne. Jednak wysoka lepko艣膰 olej贸w zmniejsza ich urabialno艣膰, natomiast niska lepko艣膰 zmniejsza ich w艂a艣ciwo艣ci ochronne. Z tych wzgl臋d贸w konieczne jest opracowanie nowego typu olej贸w przeciwrdzewnych charakteryzuj膮cych si臋 zar贸wno nisk膮 lepko艣ci膮 jak i dobrymi w艂a艣ciwo艣ciami ochronnymi. W niniejszej pracy opracowano metod臋 ilo艣ciowej oceny w艂a艣ciwo艣ci ochronnych olej贸w za pomoc膮 pomiaru krzywej polaryzacji poprzez cienk膮 warstw臋 roztworu korozyjnego na spiekanych stalach Fe-Cu-C pokrytych olejami ochronnymi. Pomiary elektrochemiczne zosta艂y przeprowadzone w roztworze korozyjnym NaCl (0,35 %wag.). Roztw贸r zosta艂 naniesiony na pr贸bk臋 za pomoc膮 kapilary. Na podstawie wynik贸w eksperymentalnych mo偶na ilo艣ciowo oszacowa膰 szybko艣膰 korozji zachodz膮cej na powierzchni pr贸bki. Badania wykaza艂y, 偶e olej ochronny zmniejsza szybko艣膰 korozji. Olej dla kt贸rego otrzymano najlepsze wyniki wykaza艂 popraw臋 w艂a艣ciwo艣ci ochronnych 10000 krotnie w por贸wnaniu z pr贸bkami bez oleju. Dodatkowo stwierdzono korelacj臋 pomi臋dzy szybko艣ci膮 korozji a okresem oscylacji potencja艂u