Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Pihak Ketiga Dalam Actio Pauliana

Actio Pauliana is a term for the cancellation of a legal action carried out by the debtor because the legal action can harm the creditor and is not required to be carried out. Actio Pauliana is closely related to bankruptcy law because it can have implications for the process of settling bankrupt assets of debtors who are undergoing the bankruptcy process. In the settlement of bankruptcy assets, the curator will conduct an examination of the ownership of the debtor's bankrupt property which will be used to resolve the bankruptcy process to its creditors. If Actio Pauliana's lawsuit is granted, as a result, the legal action of the debtor being sued by Actio Pauliana will be canceled. The canceled legal action involves a third party in transactions in general and creates an obligation for the third party to return the debtor's bankrupt property. The formulation of the problem in this research is what is the legal protection for third parties in Actio Pauliana's lawsuit. The purpose of writing this thesis is to fulfill one of the requirements to obtain a Bachelor of Law degree at the Faculty of Law, University of Surabaya. The writing of this study uses a normative juridical legal research type, from legal research carried out with this method, the results obtained that legal protection for third parties in the Actio Pauliana lawsuit gives a third party the right to get back the object that has been received by the debtor or its replacement value or the price of the goods. which has been paid to the debtor. Meanwhile, for the lack of the replacement value of the object or the price of the goods that have been paid by a third party to the Debtor, the third party in the Actio Pauliana lawsuit may appear as a Concurrent Creditor

Health App Use and Its Correlates Among Individuals With and Without Type 2 Diabetes: Nationwide Population-Based Survey

Background: Evidence suggests that mobile health app use is beneficial for the prevention and management of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and its associated complications; however, population-based research on specific determinants of health app use in people with and without T2D is scarce. Objective: This cross-sectional study aimed to provide population-based evidence on rates and determinants of health app use among adults with and without T2D, thereby covering a prevention perspective and a diabetes management perspective, respectively. Methods: The study population included 2327 adults without a known diabetes diagnosis and 1149 adults with known T2D from a nationwide telephone survey in Germany conducted in 2017. Rates of smartphone ownership and health app use were estimated based on weighted sample proportions. Among smartphone owners, determinants of health app use were identified for both groups separately in multivariable logistic regression models. Sociodemographic factors, diabetes-related factors or indicators, psychological and health-related factors, and physician-provided information were selected as potential determinants. Results: Among participants without known diabetes, 74.72% (1690/2327) were smartphone owners. Of those, 49.27% (717/1690) used health apps, most often to improve regular physical activity. Among participants with T2D, 42.26% (481/1149) were smartphone owners. Of those, 41.1% (171/481) used health apps, most commonly to target a healthy diet. Among people without known diabetes, determinants significantly (all P values <.05) associated with an increased likelihood of health app use compared with their reference group were as follows: younger and middle age of 18 to 44 or 45 to 64 years (odds ratios [ORs] 3.89; P<.001 and 1.76; P=.004, respectively), overweight or obesity (ORs 1.58; P<.001 and 2.07; P<.001, respectively), hypertension diagnosis (OR 1.31; P=.045), former or current smoking (ORs 1.51; P=.002 and 1.58; P<.001, respectively), perceiving health as very good (OR 2.21; P<.001), other chronic diseases (OR 1.48; P=.002), and having received health advice from a physician (OR 1.48; P<.001). A slight or high perceived diabetes risk (ORs 0.78; P=.04 and 0.23; P<.001, respectively) was significantly associated with a decreased likelihood of health app use. Among people with T2D, younger and middle age (18-64 years; OR 1.84; P=.007), female gender (OR 1.61; P=.02), and using a glucose sensor in addition or instead of a glucose meter (OR 2.74; P=.04) were significantly positively associated with health app use. Conclusions: In terms of T2D prevention, age, diabetes-related risk factors, psychological and health-related factors, and medical health advice may inform app development for specific target groups. In addition, health professionals may encourage health app use when giving advice on health behaviors. Concerning T2D management, only a few determinants seem relevant for explaining health app use among people with T2D, indicating a need for more future research on which people with T2D use health apps and why.Peer Reviewe

Psychometric properties of a nationwide survey for adults with and without diabetes: the “disease knowledge and information needs – diabetes mellitus (2017)” survey

Background In order to close existing information gaps on diabetes-related health perceptions, diabetes knowledge, and information-seeking behaviors among adults in Germany, a representative population-based survey targeting the German-speaking population 18 years and older with and without diabetes was conducted. The aim of the present work was to analyze the psychometric properties of the multi-item scales, applied in the survey in order to provide guidance for decisions on the use of these measurements for future research. Methods Based on data from participants who completed the final survey (N = 1479 with known diabetes; N = 2327 without known diabetes) reliability and unidimensionality of multi-item scales were tested using Cronbach’s Alpha and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Results Psychometric properties and model fit varied across scales. Cronbach’s alpha values ranged from very good to unacceptable. Model fit indices suggested evidence of a single underlying factor in some but not all scales. Adequate reliability and at least mediocre model fit were found for diabetes distress and patient-provider-relationship in people with diabetes and for perceived level of information in individuals without diabetes. Scales revealing inacceptable reliability values or not suggesting unidimensionality were e.g. diabetes-related stigmatization in both individuals with and without diabetes, self-efficacy in individuals with diabetes, and perceived personal control in those without diabetes. Conclusion Based on results of the current study, some of the scales applied in the survey can be recommended for present and future analyses of the survey data and for future surveys (e.g. diabetes distress, patient-provider-relationship in people with diabetes). Other scales should be interpreted and used with caution (e.g. depressive symptoms in people with diabetes) while others should be reformulated, interpreted only as single items, or need further investigation (e.g. diabetes-related stigmatization in people with and without diabetes). Findings provide researchers the opportunity to evaluate diabetes-specific scales in population-based studies of adults with and without diabetes

Effects of Chronic Hepatitis B Infection on Pregnancy and Birth Outcomes in Ghana

Ghana is a known endemic area for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections, yet the consequences of HBV infection on pregnancy outcomes are unknown. This prospective cohort study was thus conducted among 512 pregnant women attending antenatal clinic in the Cape Coast Teaching Hospital, Ghana, between January, 2011 and December, 2013 to determine the effects of hepatitis B during pregnancy on birth outcomes in Ghana. The HBsAg status of all pregnant women was determined by the latex agglutination test while a researcher administered semi-structured checklist was used to collect demographic/obstetric/medical data of respondents. We obtained 262 HBsAg positive and 250 HBsAg negative women most of whom were aged 20-29 (40%), classified themselves as low income earners (50%), and had attained primary education (42%). Logistic regression analysis showed that pregnant women who had chronic hepatitis B were more likely to develop PROM (p=0.008) and foul smelling liquor (p=0.024) at delivery. Moreover, neonatal consequences for chronic hepatitis B were; preterm babies (p=0.002), underweight (p\u3c0.001), Apgar score lower than 7 (p\u3c0.001), asphyxia at birth (p=0.006) and still birth (p=0.04). We conclude that babies born to mothers with positive HBsAg status have a higher risk for vertical transmission as well as adverse neonatal consequences

Willingness to pay for crowdfunding local agricultural climate solutions

The recent rise in climate concern among citizens worldwide is coinciding with a rising interest in agricultural climate solutions. The future scaling-up of these solutions, however, requires more knowledge about the mitigation potential, costs and financing options, including crowdfunding (CF). Our objective is to explore the driving factors behind the public’s willingness to pay for crowdfunded climate mitigation projects at the farm level. In this study, four mitigation options from the perspective of farmers were identified: solar panels on the barn roof, biogas from animal manure, drag hoses for improved manure dispersal, and the addition of biochar to soils. The study investigates the optimal characteristics of crowdfunding campaigns to finance such mitigation measures. The most influential factors on the respondents’ WTP is neither climate concern nor proximity, but instead the knowledge regarding CF, combined with how comprehensible and salient the suggested measure is. The main implications are that future projects that aim to achieve broad participation in CF campaigns need to communicate well, to improve both public knowledge of the funding mechanism (CF) itself and the comprehensibility and salience of the agricultural measure. Keywords

Demographic and Social-Cognitive Factors Associated with Weight Loss in Overweight, Pre-diabetic Participants of the PREVIEW Study

PurposeWeight loss has been demonstrated to be a successful strategy in diabetes prevention. Although weight loss is greatly influenced by dietary behaviors, social-cognitive factors play an important role in behavioral determination. This study aimed to identify demographic and social-cognitive factors (intention, self-efficacy, outcome expectancies, social support, and motivation with regard to dietary behavior and goal adjustment) associated with weight loss in overweight and obese participants from the PREVIEW study who had pre-diabetes.MethodProspective correlational data from 1973 adult participants were analyzed. The participants completed psychological questionnaires that assessed social-cognitive variables with regard to dietary behavior. Stepwise multiple regression analyses were performed to identify baseline demographic and social-cognitive factors associated with weight loss.ResultsOverall, being male, having a higher baseline BMI, having a higher income, perceiving fewer disadvantages of a healthy diet (outcome expectancies), experiencing less discouragement for healthy eating by family and friends (social support), and lower education were independently linked to greater weight loss. When evaluating females and males separately, education was no longer associated with weight loss.ConclusionThe results indicate that a supportive environment in which family members and friends avoid discouraging healthy eating, with the application of a strategy that uses specific behavior change techniques to emphasize the benefits of outcomes, i.e., the benefits of a healthy diet, may support weight loss efforts. Weight loss programs should therefore always address the social environment of persons who try to lose body weight because family members and friends can be important supporters in reaching a weight loss goal.Peer reviewe

Ensuring due process in the IACUC and animal welfare setting: considerations in developing noncompliance policies and procedures for institutional animal care and use committees and institutional officials

Every institution that is involved in research with animals is expected to have in place policies and procedures for the management of allegations of noncompliance with the Animal Welfare Act and the U.S. Public Health Service Policy on the Humane Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. We present here a model set of recommendations for institutional animal care and use committees and institutional officials to ensure appropriate consideration of allegations of noncompliance with federal Animal Welfare Act regulations that carry a significant risk or specific threat to animal welfare. This guidance has 3 overarching aims: 1) protecting the welfare of research animals; 2) according fair treatment and due process to an individual accused of noncompliance; and 3) ensuring compliance with federal regulations. Through this guidance, the present work seeks to advance the cause of scientific integrity, animal welfare, and the public trust while recognizing and supporting the critical importance of animal research for the betterment of the health of both humans and animals.â Hansen, B. C., Gografe, S., Pritt, S., Jen, K.â L. C., McWhirter, C. A., Barman, S. M., Comuzzie, A., Greene, M., McNulty, J. A., Michele, D. E., Moaddab, N., Nelson, R. J., Norris, K., Uray, K. D., Banks, R., Westlund, K. N., Yates, B. J., Silverman, J., Hansen, K. D., Redman, B. Ensuring due process in the IACUC and animal welfare setting: considerations in developing noncompliance policies and procedures for institutional animal care and use committees and institutional officials. FASEB J. 31, 4216â 4225 (2017). www.fasebj.orgPeer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/154293/1/fsb2fj201601250r.pd

The Vehicle, Fall 1978

Vol. 2, No. 1 Table of Contents FarewellGregory Manifoldpage 4 Visiting HoursCindy Grocepage 5 The Deer KillerG.L. Bullardpage 6 Identity CrisisCindy Grocepage 9 I ScreamDale Stroheckerpage 11 John RobertLee Martinpage 12 Smiling in WinterNancy Cunninghampage 20 Walt Disney Told Us LiesThomas C. Howellpage 20 LakesideMary McDanielpage 21 Heavy LiteratureTerry Kroenungpage 22 Old FriendsMary McDanielpage 27 A Sunny AfternoonJoan O\u27Connorpage 28 Always TomorrowMary McDanielpage 29 Four SunsetsGregory Manifoldpage 30 Come FreeBob Welshpage 32 Faded PinstripesLee Martinpage 33 WindsongCarolyn Perrypage 38 SilenceSylvia Aldertonpage 39 One More TimeCheri Clousepage 40 Grandfather Was IlliterateCindy Grocepage 41 StonehengeGregory Manifoldpage 43 GabsCheri Clousepage 44 Spindley Bare BranchesJeanne Hansenpage 48 Art CoverLafayette Wilson PhotographBill Cochranpage 3 DrawingLafayette Wilsonpage 10 DrawingLafayette Wilsonpage 19 PhotographBill Cochranpage 21 PhotographBarbara Colemanpage 28 DrawingJoyce Bonwellpage 31 PhotographKathy Sanderspage 39 DrawingKathy Sanderspage 42https://thekeep.eiu.edu/vehicle/1035/thumbnail.jp

Blood pressure levels among children in rural Uganda: results from 1913 children in a general population survey.

Despite increasing levels of adult hypertension in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), there is limited information on elevated blood pressure among children in SSA. We described the distribution of blood pressure among children in rural Uganda and estimated hypertension prevalence. We conducted a cross-sectional study in south-western Uganda, collecting demographic, anthropometric and blood pressure measurements from children aged 6-12 years. Children with elevated blood pressure (systolic and/or diastolic blood pressure greater or equal to the 95th percentile for age, height and sex) were invited for two further assessments 6-18 months later. We described blood pressure distribution at first assessment, assessed associations with demographic and anthropometric characteristics and estimated prevalence of hypertension as defined by having elevated blood pressure on three separate occasions months apart. Blood pressure (BP) was measured in 1913 children (50% male, 3% overweight or obese, 22% stunted) at the first assessment. Mean (SD) systolic and diastolic BP at first assessment was 113.4 mmHg (±10.8) and 69.5 mmHg (±8.3), respectively, and 44.2% had elevated BP. Older age, higher BMI, and being female were associated with higher BP, and stunted height was associated with lower BP. An estimated 7.8% [95% CI:(6.6-9.1)], (males: 6.8%, females: 9.0%), had elevated BP on three separate occasions, and were considered hypertensive. High blood pressure levels among adults in SSA may be set early in life. In this study, obesity (a common lifestyle modifiable risk factor in other settings) was largely irrelevant. More research is needed to understand the main drivers for elevated blood pressure in SSA further