The development of pedagogical infrastructures in three cycles of maker-centered learning projects

Riikonen, S., Kangas, K., Kokko, S., Korhonen, T., Hakkarainen, K. & Seitamaa-Hakkarainen, P. (2020). The development of pedagogical infrastructures in three cycles of maker-centered learning projects, Design and Technology Education: an international Journal.The purpose of the present investigation was to analyze the pedagogical infrastructures in three cycles of seventh graders’ co-invention projects that involved using traditional and digital fabrication technologies for inventing and creating complex artefacts. The aim of the projects was to create high-end multi-material makerspaces by expanding Finnish craft classrooms with instruments of digital fabrication, such as micro-processors, wearable computing (e-textiles), and 3D design and making, for enabling creation of student-designed multi-faceted inventions. Through a qualitative meta-analysis of the three successive learning-by-making projects, we explored the kinds of pedagogical infrastructures required for fostering knowledge-creating practices of learning. Pedagogic infrastructures refer to the designed arrangements and underlying conditions of implementing an extensive study project in classroom practices needed for reaching the learning objectives. We analyzed the epistemological, scaffolding, social, and material-technological dimensions of the enacted pedagogic infrastructures. In accordance with design-based educational investigations, we collected a variety of data (classroom video recordings, teacher and tutor interviews, invention challenges, learning assignments, and working schedules) across three year-long developmental cycles. We discuss the limitations and opportunities of maker-centered learning settings as well as considerations for future development of makerspace as pedagogical innovations for integrating socio-digital and material-technical practices and spaces for learning.Peer reviewe

The development of pedagogical infrastructures in three cycles of maker-centered learning projects

The purpose of the present investigation was to analyze the pedagogical infrastructures in three cycles of seventh graders’ co-invention projects that involved using traditional and digital fabrication technologies for inventing and creating complex artefacts. The aim of the projects was to create high-end multi-material makerspaces by expanding Finnish craft classrooms with instruments of digital fabrication, such as micro-processors, wearable computing (e-textiles), and 3D design and making, for enabling creation of student-designed multi-faceted inventions.  Through a qualitative meta-analysis of the three successive learning-by-making projects, we explored the kinds of pedagogical infrastructures required for fostering knowledge-creating practices of learning. Pedagogic infrastructures refer to the designed arrangements and underlying conditions of implementing an extensive study project in classroom practices needed for reaching the learning objectives. We analyzed the epistemological, scaffolding, social, and material-technological dimensions of the enacted pedagogic infrastructures. In accordance with design-based educational investigations, we collected a variety of data (classroom video recordings, teacher and tutor interviews, invention challenges, learning assignments, and working schedules) across three year-long developmental cycles. We discuss the limitations and opportunities of maker-centered learning settings as well as considerations for future development of makerspace as pedagogical innovations for integrating socio-digital and material-technical practices and spaces for learning

Videodata analyysi tunneilmaisujen havainnointiin yhteisöllisessä suunnittelu ja käsityöprosessissa

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Psykologityön palvelutoimintojen luokitusopas

Tämän vanhan painoksen korvaa uusi, muutettu painos osoitteessa: http://urn.fi/URN:ISBN:978-952-343-342-7 Psykologityn nimikkeistö- ja luokitusopas</a

Novel Microbiological and Spatial Statistical Methods to Improve Strength of Epidemiological Evidence in a Community-Wide Waterborne Outbreak

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Toimeentulotuen soveltamisohjeet erityisryhmistä vangit - yrittäjät - maahanmuuttajat

Opinnäytetyön tavoitteena oli laatia soveltamisohjeet erityisryhmistä; vangit, yrittäjät ja maahanmuuttajat. Ne si-sältävät yhtenäiset ohjeistukset toimeentulotuen kannalta sekä tietopaketin toimeentulotuen käsittelyssä tarvittavia asioita. Aikaisemmin erityisryhmien toimeentulotukihakemukset ovat olleet pääsääntöisesti sosiaalityöntekijöiden käsitel-tävänä. Tällöin sosiaalityöntekijät ovat käyttäneet harkintaa käsitellessään toimeentulotukihakemuksia. Kainuun maakunta -kuntayhtymässä on siirrytty yhdentämään ja nopeuttamaan kirjallista toimeentulotukea. Näihin soveltamisohjeet ovat apuna. Soveltamisohjeiden avulla on haluttu myös selventää, mitkä toimeentulotuen osalta voi-daan käsitellä kirjallisessa toimeentulotuessa (toimeentulotukisihteerit) ja mitkä asiat tarvitsevat sosiaalityöntekijän harkintaa. Lisäksi soveltamisohjeisiin on kerätty tietopaketti. Ohjeet on kaikkien Kainuun maakunta -kuntayhtymän alueella sosiaalityötä ja toimeentulotukea käsittelevien työntekijöiden käytettävissä. Kunta voi laatia omat soveltamisohjeet erityismenoista eli täydentävästä toimeentulotuesta. Opinnäytetyön alussa käsitellään Suomen sosiaaliturvan kehitystä. Sosiaaliturvan taustalla on vaivaishoitoasetuk-set ja köyhäinhoitolaki. Sosiaaliturva jaetaan sosiaalivakuutukseen ja sosiaalihuoltoon. Tarkemmin on tarkasteltu sosiaalihuoltoon kuuluvaa toimeentulotukea eli entistä huoltoapua.The purpose of this thesis was to write application instructions for special groups: prisoners, self-employed per-sons and immigrants. They include comprehensive instructions for income support and an information package on the handling of income support claims. Earlier the income support claims of the special groups have been processed by mainly social workers. Then the social workers had used consideration in the handling the of the claims. Kainuu Regional Authority has begun to standardize and hasten the handling of the written claims. With the help of the application instructions, it wants to also discover which claims can be handled in writing (income support secretaries) and which claims need con-sideration of a social worker. The instructions include an information packace as well and they are available to all that do social work and to the empoyees that process income support claims in the area of Kainuu Regional Authority. The municipality can write its own application instructions on special costs, i.e. for complementary income support. The beginning in the thesis covers the development of social security in Finland. The basis for social security is the decrees on the care of the poor and the law on poverty. The social security is divided into social insurance and social welfare services. The thesis examines income support, which is part of social welfare services, in more detail. The term used was earlier "huoltoapu", support assistance

Käsityötieteen metodologien kartoitus Suomessa, Ruotsissa ja Norjassa

The craft sciences have emerged as a field of academic research in Finland, Sweden and Norway since the early 1990s. In Finland, craft research has examined various aspects of crafts using a multidisciplinary approach, adapting a range of methods from other academic disciplines according to the research topic. Another source has been the schools of domestic sciences in which craft research has been a recognized field. In Sweden and Norway, craft research has developed strongly in architectural conservation and cultural heritage with a focus on traditional craftsmanship and the performative elements of intangible cultural heritage. This article offers an overview of the developments and progress of the field of craft sciences in these countries, including its methodological approaches, with a focus on Ph.D. theses. Through mapping recurrent methodological approaches, the following categories were derived: craft reconstruction, craft interpretations, craft elicitation, craft amplification and craft socialization. The aim of the classification, and the model derived from it, is to help researchers and students understand better how different types of knowledge relate to different research methods and apply them within their own research. The purpose of the research is to create a common infrastructure for research and education in order to connect and strengthen the dispersed academic communities of craft research and to establish craft science as a formally recognized discipline within the academic system.Peer reviewe

Setting the record straight—Correcting uterine cancer incidence and mortality in the Nordic countries by reallocation of unspecified cases

Introduction: The incidence of and mortality from cancers of the cervix uteri and corpus uteri are underestimated if the presence of uterine cancers, where the exact topography (site of origin) is not specified, is omitted. In this paper we present the corrected figures on mortality from and incidence of cervix and corpus uteri cancers in the Nordic countries by reallocating unspecified uterine cancer deaths and cases to originate either from the corpus uteri or cervix uteri. To further validate the accuracy of reallocation, we also analyzed how well the reallocation captures the changes occurring as the result of a transition in cause of death coding in Norway that took place in 2005. Material and Methods: This study uses data available in the NORDCAN database, which contains aggregated cancer data from all the Nordic countries for the years 1960–2016. The unspecified uterine cancer cases and deaths were reallocated to either cervix uteri or corpus uteri based on the estimated probability that follows the distribution of cases and deaths with verified topography. The estimated proportions of cases and deaths for both cancers were calculated for each combination of age group, year, and country as a proportion of cases (and deaths, respectively) with known topography. Annual age-standardized rates were calculated by direct age-adjustment. Results: The proportions of unspecified uterine cancers were higher in the mortality data than in incidence data, with mean values for 1960–2016 ranging between 5.1% and 26.6% and between 0.2% and 6.8% by country, respectively. In the Nordic countries combined, the reallocation increased the number of cases by 4% and deaths by approximately 20% for both cancers. Finland was the only Nordic country where the mortality rate did not increase substantially after reallocation. Conclusions: The reallocation procedure had a significant impact on mortality from cancers of the cervix and corpus uteri for countries where the proportion of cancer deaths coded as uterus, not otherwise specified, is substantial. More effort to validate cause of death data with incidence data from cancer registries is warranted to avoid erroneous conclusions of temporal trends based on uncorrected cancer burden.publishedVersionPeer reviewe

Käsitöö uurimise meetoditest Soomes, Rootsis ja Norras / Mapping the methodologies of the craft sciences in Finland, Sweden and Norway

The craft sciences have emerged as a field of academic research in Finland, Sweden and Norway since the early 1990s. In Finland, craft research has examined various aspects of crafts using a multidisciplinary approach adapting a range of methods from other academic disciplines according to the research topic. Another source has been the schools of domestic sciences in which craft research has been a recognized field. In Sweden and Norway, craft research has developed strongly in architectural conservation and cultural heritage with a focus on traditional craftsmanship and the performative elements of intangible cultural heritage. This article offers an overview of the developments and progress of the field of craft sciences in these countries, inluding its methodological approaches, with a focus on Ph.D theses. Through mapping recurrent methodological approaches, the following categories were derived: craft reconstruction, craft interpretations, craft elicitation, craft amplification and craft socialization. The aim of the classification, and the model derived from it, is to help researchers and students understand better how different types of knowledge relate to different research methods and apply them within their own research. The puropse of the research is to create a common infrastructure for research and education in order to connect and strengthen the dispersed academic communities of craft research and to establish craft science as a formally recognized discipline within the academic system. The authors of the article have granted permission to have the original research article published in Craft Research Journal 11 (2), CC-BY-NC-ND to be translated from English and published in Estonian. The translation is accompanied with a brief contextualising afterword by the editorial team of Studia Vernacula. Keywords: craft sciences, crafts, craft research, craft education, sloyd, research methods, art researc