78 research outputs found
TiO2/clay as a heterogeneous catalyst in photocatalytic/photochemical oxidation of anionic reactive blue 19
AbstractA TiO2-coated Tunisian clay (TiO2âclay) was synthesized by a typical impregnation method. The physicochemical characterization points to a successful impregnation of titania on the clay surface. The activity of this structured catalyst was studied in the photocatalytic/photochemical oxidation of anionic reactive blue 19 (RB 19). The effect of UVA and solar irradiation (UV-solar) was studied at room temperature. TiO2âclay demonstrated an effective degradation of RB 19 under both types of irradiation. Moreover, in this study, the effects of various oxidants such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), potassium peroxodisulfate (K2S2O8) and sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) were thoroughly investigated. H2O2 was a promising oxidant for promoting RB 19 degradation under UVA. The kinetics of discoloration of RB 19 followed a pseudo-first-order rate law. We can remark that 20min of UV irradiation was enough to achieve 100% discoloration of the aqueous solution. However, under UVâVis, HPLC and chemical oxygen demand measurements indicated, that a longer reaction time (of around 45min) was required for achieving the complete dye mineralization. The findings clearly demonstrated the applicability of this TiO2/clay catalyst for the photocatalytic oxidation of RB 19
Intensification of toxic chlorophenolic compounds degradation over efficient microwave-dried silica-doped tetragonal zirconia nanocatalysts
The work aims to evaluate the efficient microwave (MW) drying method of silica-doped tetragonal zirconia
nanocatalysts (SZN-M) for intensification of the degradation of toxic chlorophenolic compounds. The catalyst
dried under a conventional oven (SZN-O) was also conducted for comparison. The MW drying time was reduced
six times and three times less energy was used than the conventional oven drying. The catalysts were characterized
by Fourier-transform infrared, X-ray diffraction, electron spin resonance, nitrogen adsorption-desorption
analyses, zeta potential, ultravioletâvisible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and photoluminescence analyses.
Compared with SZN-O, the SZN-M possessed a higher number of Si-O-Zr bonds that led to a greater amount of
oxygen vacancies, metal defect sites, larger pore size as well as surface area, and hence displayed excellent
performance toward the degradation of toxic 2-chlorophenol, 2-CP (92%), while only 67% for the former. The
SZN-M achieved to reduce the total organic carbon and biological oxygen demand up to 88% and 89%,
respectively, while for SZN-O, the reduction was up to 82% and 84%. The catalysts still remained active after five
cycles and are highly capable of degrading various chlorophenolic compounds that could be very beneficial for
the wastewater treatment
Efficient removal of cadmium and 2-chlorophenol in aqueous systems by natural clay: Adsorption and photo-Fenton degradation processes
Titanium Dioxide Supported on Different Porous Materials as Photocatalyst for the Degradation of Methyl Green in Wastewaters
TiO2 nanoparticles were immobilized on two porous materials used as catalyst supports, namely, activated carbon (AC) and natural clay (NC), through an impregnation process using TiO2 (P25) as precursor. The so-prepared composite materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transition electron microscopy (TEM), and nitrogen physisorption, that is, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area determination. SEM and TEM observation evidenced that TiO2 was deposited on AC and NC surface. XRD results confirmed that TiO2 existed in a mixture of anatase and rutile phases. The specific surface area of photocatalysts decreased drastically in comparison with the original materials. The photocatalytic activity of these materials was assayed in the oxidation of Methyl Green (MG) dye in aqueous medium under UV irradiation. TiO2/AC exhibited higher photocatalytic oxidation activity than TiO2 at neutral pH. Total mineralization of MG was confirmed by means of COD analysis, pointing to these materials as an efficient, cost-effective, and environment friendly alternative for water treatment
TiO 2 /clay as a heterogeneous catalyst in photocatalytic/photochemical oxidation of anionic reactive blue 19
International audienceA TiO 2-coated Tunisian clay (TiO 2-clay) was synthesized by a typical impregnation method. The physicochemical characterization points to a successful impregnation of titania on the clay surface. The activity of this structured catalyst was studied in the photocatalytic/photochemical oxidation of anionic reactive blue 19 (RB 19). The effect of UVA and solar irradiation (UV-solar) was studied at room temperature. TiO 2-clay demonstrated an effective degradation of RB 19 under both types of irradiation. Moreover, in this study, the effects of various oxidants such as hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2), potassium peroxodisulfate (K 2 S 2 O 8) and sodium carbonate (Na 2 CO 3) were thoroughly investigated. H 2 O 2 was a promising oxidant for promoting RB 19 degradation under UV A. The kinetics of discoloration of RB 19 followed a pseudo-first-order rate law. We can remark that 20 min of UV irradiation was enough to achieve 100% discoloration of the aqueous solution. However, under UV-Vis, HPLC and chemical oxygen demand measurements indicated, that a longer reaction time (of around 45 min) was required for achieving the complete dye mineralization. The findings clearly demonstrated the applicability of this TiO 2 /clay catalyst for the photocatalytic oxidation of RB 19. ÂȘ 2014 The Authors. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of King Saud University. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/)
Natural clay based nickel catalysts for dry reforming of methane: On the effect of support promotion (La, Al, Mn)
Natural Hematite and Siderite as Heterogeneous Catalysts for an Effective Degradation of 4-Chlorophenol via Photo-Fenton Process
This paper describes a simple and low-cost process for the degradation of 4-Chlorophenol (4-CP) from aqueous solution, using natural Tunisian Hematite (M1) and Siderite (M2). Two natural samples were collected in the outcroppings of the Djerissa mining site (Kef district, northwestern Tunisia). Both Hematite and Siderite ferrous samples were characterized using several techniques, including X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Nitrogen Physisorption (BET), Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), H2-Temperature Programmed Reduction (H2-TPR), Scanning Electronic Microscopy (SEM) linked with Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDS) and High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM). Textural, structural and chemical characterization confirmed the presence of Hematite and Siderite phases with a high amount of iron on the both surface materials. Their activity was evaluated in the oxidation of 4-CP in aqueous medium under heterogeneous photo-Fenton process. Siderite exhibited higher photocatalytic oxidation activity than Hematite at pH 3. The experimental results also showed that 100% conversion of 4-CP and 54% TOC removal can be achieved using Siderite as catalyst. Negligible metal leaching and catalyst reutilization without any loss of activity point towards an excellent catalytic stability for both natural catalysts
Efficient removal of cadmium and 2-chlorophenol in aqueous systems by natural clay: Adsorption and photo-Fenton degradation processes
International audienceAdsorption and photo-Fenton processes were used as handy tools to ascertain the capability of natural clays to remove cadmium (Cd) and 2-chlorophenol (2-CP) from aqueous solution. Natural Fe-rich clay collected from Tejera-Esghira in Medenine area, south Tunisia, was used as a catalyst in the heterogeneous photo-Fenton oxidation of 2-CP in aqueous solution. Clay samples were acid activated to improve their adsorptive capacity for the removal of Cd. Experimental results indicated that the adsorption of Cd ions onto natural red clay of Tejera-Esghira followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Langmuir model was found to describe the equilibrium data with the calculated maximum adsorp-tion capacity of 23.59 mg g Ă1 for acid-activated clay. Photo-Fenton experiments proved high activity of the natural clay catalyst, which was able to completely degrade the phenol present in the treated solution after 30 min and in the presence of ultraviolet light C (UV-C). Total organic carbon and gas chromatography analysis confirmed a 2-CP degradation mechanism toward an almost complete mineralization of the organic compound
Influence of Operational Parameters in the Heterogeneous Photo-Fenton Discoloration of Wastewaters in the Presence of an Iron-Pillared Clay
An
iron-pillared Tunisian clay (Fe-PILC) was prepared and used
as the catalyst in the heterogeneous photo-Fenton oxidation of Red
Congo and Malachite Green in aqueous solution. The catalyst Fe-PILC
was characterized by XRF, XRD, BET, and FTIR methods. This physicochemical
characterization pointed to successful iron pillaring of the clay.
The influence of several operational parameters such as the pH, H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> concentration, catalyst dosage, and initial
dye concentration was evaluated. A solution pH in the range 2.5â3,
the addition of 8 mL of 200 mg/L H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, and a
catalyst dosage of 0.3 g/L appeared as the most favorable reaction
conditions for achieving complete discoloration, either for Red Congo
or Malachite Green, although oxidation was found to be slower and
more complicated in the former case. The kinetics of discoloration
of both dyes followed a pseudo-first-order rate law. In general, 20
min of UV irradiation was enough to achieve 100% discoloration of
the aqueous solution. UVâvis and chemical oxygen demand measurements
indicated, however, that longer reaction times of around 1 h were
required for achieving dye mineralization. Leaching tests confirmed
a very low amount of dissolved iron and good stability of the catalyst,
with almost unaltered discoloration efficiency upon three cycles.
Hence, taking into account the favorable photocatalytic properties
and low leaching of iron ions, such iron-pillared clay can be considered
a promising catalyst for dye wastewater treatment
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