Light-cone path integral approach to the induced radiation in QED and QCD: basic concepts and recent applications

I discuss the basic ideas of the light-cone path integral approach to the induced radiation in QED and QCD and recent applications to the induced parton energy loss.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures. Talk given at the International Workshop Diffraction-2004, Cala Gonone, Sardinia, Italy, 18-23 Sept 2004; to appear in the Proceedings. Minor correction

Scintillation Counters for the D0 Muon Upgrade

We present the results of an upgrade to the D0 muon system. Scintillating counters have been added to the existing central D0 muon system to provide rejection for cosmic ray muons and out-of-time background, and to provide additional fast timing information for muons in an upgraded Tevatron. Performance and results from the 1994-1996 Tevatron run are presented.Comment: 30 pages, 25 postscript figure

Time-Independent Gravitational Fields

This article reviews, from a global point of view, rigorous results on time independent spacetimes. Throughout attention is confined to isolated bodies at rest or in uniform rotation in an otherwise empty universe. The discussion starts from first principles and is, as much as possible, self-contained.Comment: 47 pages, LaTeX, uses Springer cl2emult styl

Adsorption of mono- and multivalent cat- and anions on DNA molecules

Adsorption of monovalent and multivalent cat- and anions on a deoxyribose nucleic acid (DNA) molecule from a salt solution is investigated by computer simulation. The ions are modelled as charged hard spheres, the DNA molecule as a point charge pattern following the double-helical phosphate strands. The geometrical shape of the DNA molecules is modelled on different levels ranging from a simple cylindrical shape to structured models which include the major and minor grooves between the phosphate strands. The densities of the ions adsorbed on the phosphate strands, in the major and in the minor grooves are calculated. First, we find that the adsorption pattern on the DNA surface depends strongly on its geometrical shape: counterions adsorb preferentially along the phosphate strands for a cylindrical model shape, but in the minor groove for a geometrically structured model. Second, we find that an addition of monovalent salt ions results in an increase of the charge density in the minor groove while the total charge density of ions adsorbed in the major groove stays unchanged. The adsorbed ion densities are highly structured along the minor groove while they are almost smeared along the major groove. Furthermore, for a fixed amount of added salt, the major groove cationic charge is independent on the counterion valency. For increasing salt concentration the major groove is neutralized while the total charge adsorbed in the minor groove is constant. DNA overcharging is detected for multivalent salt. Simulations for a larger ion radii, which mimic the effect of the ion hydration, indicate an increased adsorbtion of cations in the major groove.Comment: 34 pages with 14 figure

The nuclear energy density functional formalism

The present document focuses on the theoretical foundations of the nuclear energy density functional (EDF) method. As such, it does not aim at reviewing the status of the field, at covering all possible ramifications of the approach or at presenting recent achievements and applications. The objective is to provide a modern account of the nuclear EDF formalism that is at variance with traditional presentations that rely, at one point or another, on a {\it Hamiltonian-based} picture. The latter is not general enough to encompass what the nuclear EDF method represents as of today. Specifically, the traditional Hamiltonian-based picture does not allow one to grasp the difficulties associated with the fact that currently available parametrizations of the energy kernel $E[g',g]$ at play in the method do not derive from a genuine Hamilton operator, would the latter be effective. The method is formulated from the outset through the most general multi-reference, i.e. beyond mean-field, implementation such that the single-reference, i.e. "mean-field", derives as a particular case. As such, a key point of the presentation provided here is to demonstrate that the multi-reference EDF method can indeed be formulated in a {\it mathematically} meaningful fashion even if $E[g',g]$ does {\it not} derive from a genuine Hamilton operator. In particular, the restoration of symmetries can be entirely formulated without making {\it any} reference to a projected state, i.e. within a genuine EDF framework. However, and as is illustrated in the present document, a mathematically meaningful formulation does not guarantee that the formalism is sound from a {\it physical} standpoint. The price at which the latter can be enforced as well in the future is eventually alluded to.Comment: 64 pages, 8 figures, submitted to Euroschool Lecture Notes in Physics Vol.IV, Christoph Scheidenberger and Marek Pfutzner editor

Evidence of Color Coherence Effects in W+jets Events from ppbar Collisions at sqrt(s) = 1.8 TeV

We report the results of a study of color coherence effects in ppbar collisions based on data collected by the D0 detector during the 1994-1995 run of the Fermilab Tevatron Collider, at a center of mass energy sqrt(s) = 1.8 TeV. Initial-to-final state color interference effects are studied by examining particle distribution patterns in events with a W boson and at least one jet. The data are compared to Monte Carlo simulations with different color coherence implementations and to an analytic modified-leading-logarithm perturbative calculation based on the local parton-hadron duality hypothesis.Comment: 13 pages, 6 figures. Submitted to Physics Letters

Comparative analysis of the genes UL1 through UL7 of the duck enteritis virus and other herpesviruses of the subfamily Alphaherpesvirinae

The nucleotide sequences of eight open reading frames (ORFs) located at the 5' end of the unique long region of the duck enteritis virus (DEV) Clone-03 strain were determined. The genes identified were designated UL1, UL2, UL3, UL4, UL5, UL6 and UL7 homologues of the herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1). The DEV UL3.5 located between UL3 and UL4 had no homologue in the HSV-1. The arrangement and transcription orientation of the eight genes were collinear with their homologues in the HSV-1. Phylogenetic trees were constructed based on the alignments of the deduced amino acids of eight proteins with their homologues in 12 alpha-herpesviruses. In the UL1, UL3, UL3.5, UL5 and UL7 proteins trees, the branches were more closely related to the genus Mardivirus. However, the UL2, UL4, and UL6 proteins phylogenetic trees indicated a large distance from Mardivirus, indicating that the DEV evolved differently from other viruses in the subfamily Alphaherpesvirinae and formed a single branch within this subfamily

Temporal changes in secondary prevention and cardiovascular outcomes after revascularization for peripheral arterial disease in Denmark: a nationwide cohort study

Background:Patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) are at increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Medical prevention with antithrombotic and statin therapies is a mainstay of treatment to prevent adverse outcomes; nevertheless, patients with PAD are often undertreated. This study describes the temporal changes in medical prevention and adverse outcomes in a national cohort of patients with symptomatic PAD after revascularization.Methods:We identified all patients with a first open surgical or endovascular revascularization procedure in the lower extremities or abdomen in Denmark, from 2000 to 2016. We examined temporal changes in the use of aspirin, clopidogrel, and statins and 1-year cause-specific hazard ratios for adverse clinical outcomes, after adjusting for procedure type, treatment indication, age, sex, and cardiovascular risk factors. The analyses were performed overall and within strata of index procedure (endovascular versus surgical), treatment indication, age, sex, and high-risk comorbidities.Results:Between 2000 and 2016, we identified 32 911 patients who underwent revascularization for symptomatic PAD. The mean age was 69 years and increased over time, as did the burden of comorbidity. The cumulative incidence of medication use increased between 2000 to 2004 and 2013 to 2016, respectively, from 57.3% to 64.3% for aspirin, 3.6% to 24.8% for clopidogrel, and 36.2% to 77.1% for statins. Concurrently, the 1-year outcome rates declined. Compared with 2000 to 2004, the adjusted hazard ratios in 2013 to 2016 were 0.73 (95% CI, 0.62-0.84) for major adverse cardiovascular events, 0.92 (95% CI, 0.85-1.00) for major adverse limb events, 0.60 (95% CI, 0.48-0.74) for myocardial infarction, 0.94 (95% CI, 0.75-1.18) for ischemic stroke, 0.92 (95% CI, 0.75-1.12) for major bleeding, 0.54 (95% CI, 0.39-0.76) for cardiovascular death, and 0.80 (95% CI, 0.72-0.88) for all-cause death. These improvements in prognosis were most prominent from 2000 to 2004 to 2005 to 2008 and occurred in all strata of index procedure, treatment indication, sex, age, and comorbidity. In contrast, the adjusted hazard ratio for major amputations was 1.00 (95% CI, 0.90-1.11) when comparing 2013 to 2016 to 2000 to 2004.Conclusions:Medical prevention of adverse events has increased considerably over time in patients who underwent revascularization for symptomatic PAD. This increase was accompanied by reductions in all adverse outcomes, except major amputations.Diabetes mellitus: pathophysiological changes and therap